USA > Alabama > History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume II > Part 117
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versity documents relating to Reconstruction (1904); and "Formation of the Union League in Alabama," in Gulf States Historical Maga- zine, Sept. 1903, pp. 74-89; Herbert, Why the Solid South? (1890), pp. 41-45; Damar, When the Ku Klux rode (1912), pp. 47-50; Lester and Wilson, Ku Klux Klan (Fleming ed., 1905), pp. 77-82; Miller, Alabama (1901), pp. 246-248; "Ritual of the Union League," in Montgomery Advertiser, July 24, 1867.
UNION SPRINGS. County seat of Bullock County, in the north-central part of the county, on Chunnennuggee Ridge, and the junction of the main line of the Central of Georgia Railway with the Mobile & Girard branch of that road. It is 40 miles southeast of Montgomery, 55 miles southwest of Co- lumbus, Ga., and 40 miles north of Troy. It is located on a plateau, where, in springs that give the town its name, the Conecuh River, and Oakfuskee, Old Town and Cubahatchee Creeks, have their sources. Altitude: 485
feet. Population: 1870-1,455; 1880-2,- 200; 1890-2,049; 1900-2,634; 1910-4,- 055. Its banks are the First National, the Bullock County Bank (State), and the Mer- chants & Farmers Bank (State). The Union Springs Herald, a Democratic weekly estab- lished in 1866, and the Bullock County Breeze, a weekly established in 1902, are published there. Its industries are a cotton- seed oil mill, a fertilizer plant, cotton gin- neries, cotton warehouses, a sawmill, a plan- ing mill and woodworking plant, a gristmill, a feed mill, a wagon and carriage factory.
The locality was settled in 1836, by the Norman, Powell, Pickett, Mabson, Farley, Sessions, Stakeley, Gachet, Foster, Fielder, McCall, McAndrew, Pierce, and Houghton families. In 1866, Bullock County was formed and in 1867 Union Springs was made the county seat. Among the public men and residents were Dr. William Mabson, Dr. Samuel Hogan, Dr. Lewe Sessions, Dr. C. H. Franklin, Judge D. A. McCall, Judge S. T. Frazer, Hon. Richard H. Powell, J. T. and J. D. Norman, Judge Foster, Hon. Hugh Foster, Rev. Sterling Foster, Frank McCall, Hon. T. Sidney Frazer, Hon. S. P. Rainer, and Hon. D. C. Turnipseed.
REFERENCES .- Brewer, Alabama (1872), pp. 144-145; Berney, Handbook (1892), p. 271; Northern Alabama (1888), pp. 184-189; Polk's Alabama gazetteer, 1888-9, p. 789; Alabama Official and Statistical Register, 1915.
UNION SPRINGS AND NORTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY. See Birmingham and Southeastern Railway Company.
UNION SPRINGS COTTON MILLS CO., Union Springs. See Cotton Manufacturing.
UNION SPRINGS PUBLIC LIBRARY. See Libraries.
UNION VETERANS, SONS OF. A national organization of the sons of soldiers, who participated in the Federal armies in the War of Secession.
This organization is not active in this State, but there are a few local members.
REFERENCES .- Mss. data in Alabama Depart- ment of Archives and History.
UNIONTOWN. Town on the Southern
Railway, in the southwest corner of Perry County, 20 miles southwest of Marion. Alti- tude: 284 feet. Population: 1850-300;
1870-1,444; 1880-810; 1888-1,200; 1890-854; 1900-1,047; 1910-1,836;
1915-2,000. It has municipally owned waterworks and electric light plant, and a sewerage system under construction. Its banks are the Farmer's Bank (State), the Canebrake Loan & Trust Co. (State), and the Planters & Merchants Bank (State). Its industries are an ice factory, a cotton mill, 2 cottenseed oil mills, a cotton compress, 4 cot- ton ginneries, 3 cotton warehouses, and 2 lumber yards. The Canebrake Herald, a Democratic weekly established in 1887, is published there.
The locality was settled in 1818 by the Wood brothers, for whom the town was named Woodville. In 1861 the present name was adopted. The settlement was on the road from Cahaba to Tuscaloosa, cut through the original forests in 1818. It is in the fertile and wealthy agricultural section known as the Canebrake.
REFERENCES .- Polk's Alabama gazetteer, 1888- 9, p. 702; Alabama Official and Statistical Reg- ister, 1915.
UNITED COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS. An association of traveling salesmen who sell by the aid of samples, price lists, etc. The organization was founded January 16, 1888, by eight commercial travelers of Columbus, Ohio, at the "Neil House, and this group of founders comprised the original Supreme Council of the order."
There are subordinate councils of the grand councils holding jurisdiction over them, and the supreme council or legislative body of the order. There were in 1917, 550 subor- dinate councils, and 29 grand councils, with a total membership of approximately 78,000.
The Grand council of Alabama was insti- tuted November 11, 1905, at Birmingham, with the following subordinate councils under its jurisdiction: Birmingham, instituted, De- cember 8, 1900; Mobile, December 19, 1903; Spring City Council, Huntsville, January 2, 1904; Montgomery, December 10, 1904; Selma, December 17, 1904; Florence, July 6, 1907; Anniston, October 31, 1908; Alabama Council, Birmingham, April 3, 1917. The official magazine of the organization is the "Sample Case."
REFERENCES .- Letter from Walter D. Mur- phy, Supreme secretary, Columbus, O., in Ala- bama State department of archives and history.
UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS, ALABAMA DIVISION. The Alabama branch of a national organization of former soldiers of the Confederacy, employes of the Confed- erate Government are not eligible to member- ship unless enrolled in the military service.
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1
The United Confederate Veterans are not confined to the Southern States, but have camps from New York to the Pacific North- west.
The Alabama division has headquarters in Selma. The 21st annual State Reunion will be held in Anniston, during the spring of 1921. Major D. M. Scott, is present com- mander of the Division. Complete records of the organization can be consulted in the Alabama Department of Archives and History.
REFERENCES .- Publications. in Alabama De- partment of Archives and History.
UNITED DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFED- ERACY, ALABAMA DIVISION. A voluntary, patriotic organization, composed of various chapters throughout the State. It represents one unit of The General
Confederation, United Daughters of the Confederacy. Its objects are to guard Confederate history; to see recorded the facts of "virtue, valor and sacrifice; the inspiring reflection that despite its bitter disappointments and sorrows, it pro- claims to all the world that we came through the years of trial and struggle, with our bat- tered shields pure, our character as a patri- otic and courageous people untarnished, and nothing to regret in our defense of the rights and honor of our Southland."
The scope of its work covers: history revi- sion; collecting of war relics into museums; preservation and marking of historic spots; aiding old soldiers and their families; chap- ter organization; children's chapters and work; monuments, in Alabama and else- where; crosses of Honor; educational scholar- ships, educational contests for U. D. C. and C. of C. medals for same; preservation of Alabama Confederate history.
History-Supervision .-- A committee com- posed of cultured men and women have charge of examining the histories offered for use in the schools of Alabama; also the works on American literature. Their object is to secure absolutely unbiased authors who will neither praise nor censure, but will simply state facts.
War Relics .- The gathering of material for a Confederate museum was begun in De- cember, 1896. The rich results have been turned over to the Alabama State Depart- ment of Archives and History. It comprises scrap-books, diaries, flags, canon, guns, can- teens, uniforms, newspaper files, books, por- traits, and correspondence, both official and private.
Preservation of Historic Spots .- Memorial highways; battle grounds within Alabama's limits and the battle fields of the South on which Alabama troops fought; the numerous buildings in Montgomery, connected with Con- federate history, both locally and as the cap- ital of the Confederacy; homes of Alabam- ians who were leaders in the Confederate cause or won fame on the field of honor; care of the graves of all Confederate soldiers.
Old Soldiers' Fund and Soldiers Home .- The Alabama Division, both as separate chap- ters and from its Division treasury aids indi- gent veterans and their widows. Since the establishment of the Soldiers' Home at Moun-
tain Creek a Commitee of Daughters of the Confederacy make frequent visits to the Home and have a friendly supervision over the hospital.
Chapter Organization .- The object: to mul- tiply the centers of local patriotic interest and in this manner to preserve local history; foster intelligent contemplation of events; assist in educating the masses.
Children's Chapters .- The object: to teach descendants of the Confederate soldier the true history of the period, and to instill in them a proper appreciation of the exalted principles for which the Confederate soldier fought.
Monuments .- The object: to raise funds for the erection of monuments to Confeder- ate soldiers who made the supreme sacrifice in defense of their country. Mrs. L. G. Daw- son was chairman of the committee when created, and the first money raised, $5,000, was contributed to the Sam Davis monu- ment, at Franklin, Tenn. The first monu- ment erected by the Alabama Division out- side the State was the shaft to her fallen sons on the battlefield of Shiloh. The Divi- sion presented an oil painting of Emma San- som to the Alabama State Department of Archives and History; contributed to the funds for a monument at Petersburg, Va., and the Confederate monument at Arling- ton, Va., and to each of the other great me- morials erected by the General U. D. C., the last being on the battlefield at Gettysburg.
Educational Activities .- 1. Scholarships in high schools to universities, for both sexes, the beneficiaries being necessarily lineally de- scendants of Confederate soldiers. 2. Awards in examination contests and essays, for chil- dren and for adult membership.
Historical Work .- Is to collect local and general historical data, such as specific in- cidents of the period, diaries, letters from camp, hospital, prison and battlefield, and to forward them to the State historian of the division, who in turn deposits them in the Alabama State Department of Archives and History.
Organization .- The U. D. C. was organized in Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 10, 1894. The first chapter in Alabama was organized by Miss Sallie Jones at Camden, as the Alabama Char- ter Chapter, No. 36, March 26, 1896. The Alabama Division was organized at Montgom- ery, April 8-9, 1897, on which date its first meeting was held. Meets annually.
Objects .- "Social, charitable, historical and memorial, to preserve historical spots." -Constitution.
First Officers, 1897-98 .- Miss Sallie Jones, president; Mrs. Wm. A. Gayle, 1st vice pres .; Mrs. Joseph F. Johnston, 2nd vice pres .; Mrs. Rosely Lewis, cor. sec .; Mrs. Alfred Bethea, rec. sec .; Mrs. A. W. Cawthorne, treas .; Mrs. M. S. McKissick, registrar; and Mrs. Ameila G. Gorgas, historian.
Publications .- "Minutes," published an- nually (8 vo.).
Southern Cross of Honor, History and Rules .- The idea of the Southern Cross of Honor, to be given by the United Daughters
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HISTORY OF ALABAMA
of the Confederacy to the Veterans and de- scendants of the deceased Confederate sol- diers and sailors, originated with Mrs. Mary Ann Cobb Erwin, Athens, Ga.
The design offered by Mrs. S. E. Gabbett, Atlanta, Ga., chairman of the committee ap- pointed by Mrs. Katie Cabell Currie, Presi- dent General of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, at Hot Springs, Ark., November, 1898, to procure designs, was accepted, at Richmond, Va., November, 1899. The mem- bers of the committee were: Mrs. S. E. Gab- bett, Chairman, Atlanta, Ga .; Mrs. C. Helen Plane, Atlanta, Ga .; Mrs. Mary Ann Cobb Erwin, Athens, Ga. Upon the resignation of Mrs. Erwin, Miss Mildred Lewis Rutherford, Athens, Ga., was appointed in her place.
The rules formulated by the Committee were found insufficient to meet the many questions that arose regarding the bestowal of the Cross, so at the request of Mrs. Gab- bett, who had been appointed Custodian of the Cross, at Richmond, 1899, Mrs. Edwin G. Weed, President General of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, enlarged the Committee, at Montgomery, Ala., November, 1900.
In consideration of the fact that the Cus- todian of Cross of Honor has for a number of years been a legal U. D. C. officer, the Committee on Cross of Honor was abolished by action of the Dallas Convention, 1916.
SOUTHERN CROSS OF HONOR RULES. RULE I.
To Whom Given.
Section 1. Confederate Veterans. Oldest living lineal descendants of Confederate Vet- erans. Widows of Confederate veterans.
How to Obtain the Honor Cross.
Section 2. Veteran members of Camp shall be furnished blanks by the Chapter President nearest to Camp, which shall be filled out, showing date of enlistment, where enlisted, the Company, Regiment and Com- mand in which they served, date of parole, if discharged, state reason for it, whether for disability, detail, or at close of war.
His papers must be signed by Commander and Adjutant of Camp, giving name and num- ber of same.
Veterans Not Members of Camps.
Section 3. Must get and fill applications with the same data required of Camp mem- bers and must have application attested to by two Veteran members of Camps, giving name and number of Camp.
Section 4. A Veteran only can secure a second Cross. To do this he must certify to Chapter President that the Cross has been lost, and must furnish a copy of the certifi- cate upon which the lost Cross was granted. If second Cross is lost, a certificate may be given in testimony that a Cross has been awarded and lost.
Chapter Presidents should see to it that all Crosses given have the names of the Vet- erans engraved upon them.
Section 5. A Veteran may bequeath his Cross to any one of his lineal descendants; if he dies without bequeathing it, the oldest living lineal descendant.
If a Cross is awarded and Veteran dies before receiving it, the Chapter President shall give it to the oldest lineal descendant or to the widow under provision of these rules.
Section 6. Upon receipt of certificate from a reputable physician that Veteran is dying, the Cross may be given at once; not waiting for regular Memorial days.
Section 7. The Confederate Veteran only can under any circumstance have the honor of wearing the Cross.
RULE II.
Section 1. The oldest living lineal de- scendant may secure the father's Cross by giving the same proof of eligibility as that required of his Veteran ancestor, but can- not wear it.
Section 2. The widow may receive her husband's Cross, providing there is no living lineal descendant. If there is, she must pre- sent with her application the avowal of the oldest living lineal descendant that the right of such to the Cross is waived in her favor, and must give the same proof of eligibility which her Veteran husband would have to furnish. Also she must be a Confederate woman and have endured all the hardships and privations of the war period, '61 to '65. She cannot wear the Cross.
RULE III.
Section 1. Each State and Territorial Divi- sion must elect or appoint a State Recorder of Southern Honor Cross, who shall furnish Chapter Presidents with all needed blanks for bestowal of Crosses. Also it shall be the duty of State Recorders to see that all appli- cations shall be sent by Chapter Presidents to her and see that they are filled out as to her and see that they are filled out as pro- that record lists are filled alphabetically, using the surname beginning with letter near- est to "A" followed by the Christian name, continuing through the letters as they come in the Alphabet. The State Recorder shall return these papers to Chapter Presidents until all are corrected to meet the require- ments of these rules before forwarding to General Custodian, nor shall she forward any unless she is sure they will be in Custodian General's hands three weeks prior to day of bestowal. There must be three lists, two sent to Custodian General, who will return one with approved applications and Crosses to Chapter President.
Section 2. State Recorders shall them- selves fill out the President's order, dating it and plainly writing the name of Chapter President, giving the town and State, and, if possible, either the street and house num- ber or post office box of Chapter President. The name of the Chapter, also the number of Crosses and amount of money enclosed in post office money order.
Section 3. After waiting one month, Chap-
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HISTORY OF ALABAMA
ters shall send to the Division Recorder and Custodian names of veterans for whom Crosses have been received and not claimed, and these Crosses, if not engraved, may be used at the next bestowal, provided other certificates in due form have been sent to the Custodian.
Section 4. State Recorders shall make out all requests for supplies in form of orders, so that Custodian may be able to send all needed blanks at one time, checking orders and filing same in her books.
RULE IV.
Duties of Custodian General.
Section 1. She shall forward all blanks as soon as possible after order for same is received.
Section 2. The Custodian General shall carefully read all applications and see that all data required by the rules for bestowal are contained therein, that President's orders are also as required by rules and that all lists are written in alphabetical form. When the requirements are not observed, she shall return all papers to State Recorder and re- fuse to send Crosses until all rules are fol- lowed, and her decision shall be final.
Section 3. The Custodian General shall keep two books, one for recording the num- ber of Crosses, amount of money, the name of Chapter President ordering Crosses, the State and Town the Chapter bestowing, and date of bestowal.
The second shall correspond with the Re- cipient's Record list, wherein shall be re- corded in full all data which is placed upon these lists by Chapter Presidents.
Section 4. The Custodian General, State Recorder and Chapter President's books shall correspond in that each shall accurately and alphabetically record the names of Veterans' descendants and widows, together with all the data which appears upon recipient's alpha- betical lists.
RULE V.
Section 1. The Crosses may be bestowed upon Veterans, descendants of Veterans, and widows of Veterans on the same days; heing the Memorial days, selected by State or Ter- ritorial Divisions or Chapters in States, when no Division of United Daughters of the Con- federacy exists.
Memorial Days.
Section 2. June 3rd, the birthday of Pres- ident Jefferson Davis; January 19th, the birthday of Gen. Robert E. Lee, and one com- memoration between June 3rd and January 19th, to be selected by each State or Terri- torial Division in Convention assembled.
The presentation shall be accompanied with such ceremonies as will give proper dignity to the occasion.
RULE VI.
Section 1. Where Counties have no local organization United Daughters of the Con- federacy, a Veteran may receive the Cross
through the President of the nearest local Chapter or the President of Chapter in the County from which he entered the Confed- erate service, if desired.
Section 2. When Chapters are not able to bear the expense of purchasing Crosses for other Counties than their own, these may be furnished at the expense of the general as- sociation, upon the authority of the Presi- dent General United Daughters of the Con- federacy.
RULE VII.
All orders for Crosses shall be filed in the Custodian's office three weeks before the day intended for bestowal.
RULE VIII.
Any Chapter departing from these rules will not be entitled to Crosses for presen- tation.
Preceding the presentation of the Crosses, rules shall he read upon every occasion of the bestowal.
The President of each Chapter shall see that the Camps of Confederate Veterans and Sons of Confederate Veterans shall receive a copy of these rules for continual reference.
Southern Cross of Honor .- A Maltese cross of bronze, bearing on the obverse in the center, the Confederate battle flag with thirteen stars, surrounded by laurel wreath. On the four arms of the cross are the words "United," "Daughters," "Confed- eracy," "To the U. C. V." On the reverse, in the center, surrounded by a laurel wreath the legend: "Deo Vindice, 1861-1865." On the four arms of the Cross, the words, "South- ern," "Cross," "of," "Honor." The medal is suspended from a bronze bar hearing the name of the veteran upon whom it was be- stowed.
Annual Meetings, 1897-1916 .- The list which follows gives the number of session, place of meeting, inclusive dates, and bibliog- raphy of the Proceedings, viz .:
Organization meeting, Montgomery, April 8-9, 1897, pp. 25.
2d-Birmingham, Feb. 17-18, 1898. pp. 36.
3d-Selma, Feh. 28 and March 1, 1899. pp. 36.
4th-Opelika, May 1-2, 1900. pp. 42.
5th-Eufaula, May 14-15, 1901. pp. 59. 6th-Demopolis, May 13-14, 1902. pp. 79. 7th-Tuscaloosa, May 12-13, 1903. pp. 67. 8th-Greenshoro, May 11-12, 1904. pp. 78. 9th-Mobile, May 10-11, 1905. pp. 84.
10th-Union Springs, May 9-10, 1906. pp. 108.
11th-Tri Cities, May 7-9, 1907, pp. 142.
12th-Birmingham, May 13-15, 1908. pp. 152.
150. 13th-Huntsville, May 12-14, 1909. pp. 14th-Montgomery, May 11-13, 1910. pp. 170.
15th-Mobile, May 10-12, 1911. pp. 204. 16th-Greenville, May 22-24, 1912. pp. 204.
17th-Camden, May 14-16, 1913. pp. 234.
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HISTORY OF ALABAMA
18th-Tuscaloosa, May 13-15, 1914. pp. 281.
19th-Bessemer-May 4-7, 1915. pp. 297. 20th-Anniston, May 2-5, 1916. pp. 347. 21st-Selma, May 1-4, 1917. pp. 297. 22nd-Anniston, 1918.
23rd-Gadsden, May 6-9, 1919. pp. 243. 24th-Decatur, May 4-7, 1920. pp. 239.
25th-Montgomery, 1921.
Presidents .-
1897-98-Miss Sallie Jones.
1899-Mrs. W. A. Gayle.
1900-Mrs. John A. Kirkpatrick.
1901-02-Mrs. A. L. Dowdell.
1903-04-Mrs. F. S. Wood.
1905-07-Mrs. J. N. Thompson.
1908-09-Mrs. Charles G. Brown.
1910-11-Mrs. B. B. Ross.
1912-13-Mrs. Chappell Cory.
1914-15-Mrs. L. M. Bashinsky.
1916-17-Mrs. Bibb Graves.
1918-19-Mrs. J. A. Rountree.
1920-21-Mrs. J. H. Crenshaw.
REFERENCES .- Yearbooks, circulars and corre- spondence in the Alabama State Department of Archives and History.
UNITED SONS OF CONFEDERATE VET- ERANS. See Sons of Confederate Veterans.
UNITED STATES CAST IRON PIPE AND FOUNDRY COMPANY. An industrial cor- poration, incorporated March 2, 1899, in New Jersey, as a consolidation of the nine following companies: Addyston Pipe & Steel Co., American Pipe & Foundry Co., Buffalo Pipe & Foundry Co., McNeal Pipe & Foundry Co., Lake Shore Foundry Co., Ohio Pipe Co., Dennis Long & Co., National Foundry & Pipe Works, Wisconsin Steel Co .; capital stock authorized, $15,000,000 com- mon, $15,000,000 preferred, total, $30,000,- 000, outstanding, $12,000,000 common, $12,- 000,000 preferred, total, $24,000,000; shares, $100; funded debt, $1,028,000; property in Alabama-110 acres of land and plant of 36,000 tons annual capacity at Anniston, and 164 acres land and plant of 50,000 tons capacity at Bessemer; offices: Jersey City, and Burlington, N. J., New York, and Phila- delphia. Since the organization of the com- pany its Bridgeport, Ala., property has been sold; and in August, 1911, the Dimmick Pipe Co. of this State, was purchased. The consolidated company manufactures cast iron pipe and fittings, and other castings.
REFERENCES .- Poor's manual of industrials, 1916, pp. 1219-1221; 17th report of the company, Dec. 31, 1915.
UNITED STATES CONGRESS. See Con- gressional Representation.
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION. See Constitutional Amendments, United States.
UNITED STATES COURT. Alabama came into the Union by resolution of December 14, 1819. As a territory it had no Federal courts, as organized and provided in the States. Congress, therefore, on April 21, 1820, estab-
lished a district court, and extended over the new Alabama judicial district all laws of the United States, not locally inapplicable. The judge was to have and exercise the same jurisdiction and powers as were conferred . on the judge of the Kentucky district. Pro- vision was made for the appointment, not only of a judge, hut also of an attorney, clerk and marshal. Four terms of the court yearly were to be held alternately in the towns of Mobile and Cahaha, beginning with the for- mer.
On May 20, 1820, Charles Tait was com- missioned first Federal District Judge, and William Crawford first District Attorney. David Files, on May 13, 1820, had been com- missioned as marshal.
Congress, on March 10, 1824, altered the existing arrangement and divided Alabama into the Northern and Southern Districts. The incumbent attorney and clerk were each re- stricted to the Southern District, but the courts in each district were to be held by the same judge. Terms for the Southern Dis- trict were to be held in Mobile and Cahaba, and for the Northern in Huntsville. New officers were required for the Northern Dis- trict, and Frank Jones, formerly a member of the Tennessee Legislature, was named as District Attorney, May 17, 1824.
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