History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume II, Part 74

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869-
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company
Number of Pages: 724

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and white. Flower: White chrysanthemum.

REFERENCE .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 491- 493.

PHI CHI. Medical college fraternity. As now constituted, Phi Chi is due to the union, in February, 1905, of two fraternities of the same name, a northern and a southern soci- ety, the former founded at the University of Vermont, 1898, and the latter at the Louis- ville Medical College, 1894. It entered Ala- bama in 1903 with the installation of Nu chapter at Birmingham Medical College. Its initiates are 106. In 1912 the charter was revoked. Periodical: "The Phi Chi Quar- terly." Colors: Olive green and white. Flower: Lily-of-the-valley with leaves.

REFERENCE .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 494- 497.

PHI DELTA THETA. College fraternity; founded at Miami University, Oxford, O., De- cember 26, 1848. Entered Alabama when Alabama Alpha chapter was established at the State University in 1877. Chapters: Ala. Alpha, Univ. of Ala., 1877, 325 members, owns chapter house, erected in 1910, cost $8,500; Ala. Beta, Jan. 30, 1879, Ala. Pol. Inst., 376 members, owns chapter house, erected in 1908, cost $10,000; and Ala. Gamma, 1887, Southern Univ., 124 members. Ala. Alpha chapter was suspended in a short time after founding, and was revived in 1883. Ala. Beta chapter existed sub rosa, 1881 to 1883. The charter of Ala. Gamma chapter was revoked in 1896. Alumni chapters are maintained at Birmingham, Mobile, Mont- gomery, Opelika and Selma. Periodical:

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HISTORY OF ALABAMA

"The Scroll." Colors: Argent and azure. Flower: White carnation.

REFERENCES .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 210- 229; Palmer, History of Phi Delta Theta (1906); and the Fraternity Manual, 3 editions; Alabama Alpha, Annual circular letter (1907).

PHI GAMMA DELTA. College fraternity; founded at Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pa., April 23, 1848. Entered Alabama in 1855, when Theta chapter was established at the State University. Chapters: Theta, 1855, Univ. of Ala., 170 members-after the passage of the antifraternity laws in 1859, ran sub rosa until 1863, when it was closed because of the War, revived in 1875, and again killed by antifraternity laws, again re- vived in 1901, and has a chapter house, erected in 1913, valued at $8,000; Mu, 1856, Howard College, 26 members, closed because of the War and has not since been revived. Periodical: "The Phi Gamma Delta." Color: Royal purple. Flower: Heliotrope.

REFERENCES .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 230- 243; Catalogues of the Fraternity, various edl- tions; Chamberlin's History, etc .; and Univ. of Ala. Corolla, passim.

PHI KAPPA PHI. Honorary college fra- ternity; founded at the University of Maine, Orono, in 1897. It is "an honor society com- posed of graduate and undergraduate mem- bers of all departments of American univer- sities and colleges. Its prime object is to emphasize scholarship in the thought of col- lege students, to hold fast to the original pur- pose for which institutions of learning were founded, and to stimulate mental achievement by the prize of membership." It entered Alabama in 1914 with the institution of a chapter at the Alabama Polytechnic Institute.

REFERENCE .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 599- 601.

PHI KAPPA SIGMA. College fraternity; founded at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, October 19, 1850. Entered Alabama in 1903, when Alpha Kappa chapter was established at the State University. It has 90 members. Periodical: "Phi Kappa Sigma News Letter." Colors: Old gold and black.

REFERENCE .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 257- 264; and the General register of the Fraternity (1910).

PHI MU GAMMA. Women's college fra- ternity; founded at Hollins College, Hollins, Va., October 17, 1898. Entered Alabama in 1904 when Theta chapter was established at Judson College, Marion. Chapters: Theta, 1904, Judson College, 63 members, entered Delta Delta Delta in 1914; and Nu, 1911, Woman's College of Alabama, 16 members, closed by antifraternity regulation of the trustees, 1914. There is an alumni associa- tion in Birmingham. Periodical: "Argaliad." Colors: Turquoise blue and black. Flower: Forget-me-not.

REFERENCE .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 470- 471.

PHOENIX. Town in extreme southeast corner of Lee County, on the Central of Geor- gia Railway, and on the Chattahoochee River, in sec. 10, T. 17, R. 30. Population: 1890- 3,700; 1900-4,163; 1910-4,555. It was originally a part of Girard, but when the county of Lee was formed, leaving a part of the village in one county and a part in the other, another name was given to the north- ern section. The original name was Browne- ville. In 1891 it was named Knights Station by the Columbus & Western Railway manage- ment. With the establishment of the post office in 1890, the present name was officially given the office, but the station and town were for some time called Lively. James Summer- gill was the first merchant in that section of the old settlement now included in the town. Ingersoll Hill marks the site of the home of the first settler, Dr. Ingersoll. His name has been perpetuated by the city government, in the naming of a street and a section of the city in his honor. Col. J. T. Holland, son of Maj. James C. Holland, was an early settler, coming to the lower section of the town prior to 1860.

REFERENCE .- Manuscript data in Alabama De- partment of Archives and History.

PHOSPHATES. In the narrow valleys, and under some of the level tracts and sec- ond bottoms of Elk River and the creeks of Limestone County, and occasionally on the hillsides, in the Silurian formation, are ex- tensions of the phosphate rocks of middle Tennessee. There is one exposure of these rocks of more than 100 acres near the Louis- ville & Nashville Railroad about a mile south of the State line. There are two characteris- tic varieties of the rock: a friable, dark col- ored, porous, calcareous sandstone, derived from a siliceous, dark blue limestone, wea- thering into flags from less than an inch up to 18 inches in thickness, and occupying the lower 6 or 8 feet of the strata; and a light gray, friable, siliceous limestone, derived from a light bluish gray limestone that is often crystalline and that weathers into scales and flags from a fraction of an inch to 2 or 3 inches in thickness, and occupying the up- per 10 to 25 feet of the strata, though prob- ably not highly phosphatic throughout its entire thickness at any one place. None of these phosphates equals the grade of the Tennessee rock. Some mining has been done about a mile west of Veto, on the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. There are beds of phosphatic materials in several of the Coastal Plain formations which would be of value if used upon the poorer soils of the State, pro- vided they could be transported cheaply enough.

At the base of the Selma chalk, or rotten limestone, division of the Cretaceous forma- tion, there is a bed of phosphatic greens and containing irregular concretions and nodules of phosphate of lime. With the disintegration of this bed the nodules of phosphate are left scattered over the surface in considerable quantity, but not, however, in sufficient quan- tity for profitable working. The bed extends

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HISTORY OF ALABAMA

nearly across the State near or through Eu- taw, Greensboro, Marion, Hamburg, Pratt- ville, and Wetumpka. At the summit of the Selma chalk there is another bed of phos- phatic greensand, having a large percentage of phosphate of lime, which outcrops at least half across the State, passing near Living- ston, Coatopa, and Linden. Both these sands are of nearly identical quality with the marls of New Jersey, which have been used with great benefit upon the soils of that State. A few field tests have been made in Alabama with both these marls and with decidedly good results.

The Tertiary formation also contains phos- phatic nodules, but not in commercial quan- tity, so far as known. However, shell maris are abundant and of easy access at many points, and have been utilized locally to a considerable extent.

REFERENCES .- Smith and McCalley, Index to mineral resources of Alabama (Geol. Survey of Ala., Bulletin 9, 1904), pp. 64-66; Smith, Phos- phates and marls of Alabama (Ibid, Bulletin 2, 1892) ; Ala. Dept. of Agriculture & Industries, Bulletin 14, Aug. 1900.

PI KAPPA ALPHA. College fraternity; founded at the University of Virginia, Char- lottesville, March 1, 1868. Entered Alabama in 1871, when Delta chapter was established at Southern University. Chapters: Delta, June 6, 1871, Southern Univ., suspended in 1873 because none of its members returned, revived in November, 1905, 81 members; Gamma, 1895, Ala. Pol. Inst., 155 members, owns its chapter house; and Alpha Pi, May 10, 1911, Howard College, originally Sigma Omicron Tau local which had been formed January 26, 1907, 51 members. An alumni chapter is maintained at Birmingham. Peri- odical: "Shield and Diamond." Colors: Gar- net and old gold. Flower: Lily-of-the-valley. REFERENCES .- Baird, Manual (1915), pp. 270. 276; and the Fraternity Catalogue (1891).

PICKENS AND NOXUBEE (MISS.) RAIL- ROAD COMPANY. See Mobile and Ohio Railroad Company.

PICKENS COUNTY. Created by an act of legislature, December 19, 1820. It was formed from a part of Tuscaloosa County. By an act of January 1, 1823, a small strip on the northeast was ceded to Tuscaloosa County. It was embraced in the Choctaw treaty of the Trading House, October 24, 1816. In 1832 a part of the territory south of the Sipsey River was ceded to Pickens County by Greene. At the next session of the legislature in the same year there was added to the county all of the territory ac- quired from the Choctaws by the treaty of Dancing Rabbit, lying between the Tombig- bee River and the Mississippi State line, bounded on the south by the first sectional line below the juncture of the Sipsey and Tombigbee Rivers. In 1866 all of that part of Pickens County south of the Sipsey River was added to Greene County, giving to Pick- ens its present shape and dimensions. It is Vol. II-26

interesting to note that the northern boundary line of Pickens County coincides with the boundary line east of the Tombigbee between the Choctaw and Chickasaw nations. It has an area of 875 square miles, or 560,000 acres.

The county bears the name of Gen. Andrew Pickens, of South Carolina, who won renown in the Revolutionary War.

The act of December 19, 1820, creating Pickens County fixed on the house of Jacob Danby as a temporary site for holding the courts. This home was near Pickensville. The three election precincts established by the act were "at Mullin's on the road from Columbus to the Fall of the Warrior, one at James Heflin's and one at the residence of Ezekial Nash." The first election precinct established after the creation of the county, was at the extra session of June 21, "at the house of Cox, near Coal Fire Creek." .Levi W. Parker was elected clerk of the county court at the first election after the organization of the county.

Pickensville was the first county seat, and in 1830 Carrollton was laid out as the seat of justice.

Location and Physical Description .- It lies in the western part of the State, its western boundary being the Alabama-Mississippi State line. It is bounded on the north by Lamar and Fayette Counties, on the south by Greene and Sumter, being separated from Greene County by the Sipsey River, and on the east by Tuscaloosa County. The county ranges in elevation from 175 feet to 500 feet above sea level. The elevation at Ethelsville is 415 feet, Reform, 308, and Gordo, 346 feet. The greater part of the county is very hilly, broken, and rough, the remainder being gently rolling or level. The topography along the northern and eastern boundaries is rough and broken. In some places the valley walls and slopes are steep to precipitous while in other areas the hills and ridges are more or less rounded and the slopes not so abrupt. In the southwest section known as the "Black Belt, ' the topography is undulating to gentle rolling. Broad terraces, in many places 4 or 5 miles wide, are developed along the Tombigbee and Sipsey Rivers, constitut- ing the largest continuous level to undulating area in the county. Similar terraces occur along some of the larger creeks. The Tom- bigbee River, Sipsey River, and Lubbub, Big, Coal Fire, Blubber, Bogue Chitto, Fenache, Magby, Ellis, Nash, and Kincaide Creeks, drain the county. Agriculture is the leading interest. The timbers which are found in the forests are the ash, birch, black walnut, cedar, cherry, chestnut, cottonwood, cypress, elm, gum, hickory, maple, mulberry, oak, persim- mon, pine, poplar, sycamore and willow. The mean annual temperature is 63 degrees and the mean annual precipitation amounts to 49.35 inches.

Aboriginal History .- It is situated with- in the domain claimed by the Choctaws, its northern boundary line being, in fact, the boundary line between the Choctaw and Chickasaw nations. Apart from some Indian villages near the confluence of the Sipsey and

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HISTORY OF ALABAMA

Tombigbee Rivers in DeSoto's day as can be seen from a close reading of his chronicles, there were no Indian settlements within the borders of the county in later historic times. While claimed by the Choctaws, the county really was a part of the great neutral hunting ground established in prehistoric days and frequented in the hunting season by the Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Creeks. In early times this neutral ground between the Tombigbee and the Black Warrior became a subject of dispute between the Creeks and the ' Choctaws. At some time during the closing years of the nineteenth century the two nations agreed to decide the ownership of the neutral ground by the result of a ball play. The affair came off at or near the present site of Tuscaloosa. The victory was with the Creeks but the Choctaws refused to admit their defeat, and both sides re- turned to their homes in great anger. A Creek force, under a chief named Tuskegee, was soon embodied, marched to the upper Choctaw country, crossed the Tombigbee a few miles below Pickensville, and about a mile from the state line met a body of Choctaw warriors who were awaiting their approach. The Choctaws were worsted in the fight that followed, but nothing was occom- plished, the status of the territory remaining the same. This fight occurred on the Fitz- gerald plantation immediately south of the Brooksville and Pickensville road. The trees near the Fitzgerald gin house, where the hottest of the fight took place, still show the scars made by the Creek and Choctaw bullets.

Along the Tombigbee River are found sev- eral mounds and town sites, but investigation has shown that with one or two excep- tions they do not contain burials. Along the Sipsey River on the southeast are fur- ther evidences. DeSoto passed through the county in the winter of 1540 after leaving Mauvilla and found it thickly peopled and an abundance of maize on which to sustain his army. Although the chroniclers of his expedition report several large towns, these cannot be located at the present time. Mounds are found at Carrollton; several mounds near Goose Pond in a swamp one mile westerly from McFatton landing on Tombigbee; seven mounds near the conflu- ence of the river with Blubber Creek; a large domiciliary mound half mile east of Summerville Landing and one at Wind- ham Landing on property of W. B. Peebles. Away from the streams are located sev- eral, one of which is near old Franconia, and one four miles above old Yorkville, on T. J, Duncan's plantation. On the Tombig- bee are found to the present day evidences of crossing places, used by the Choctaws, near Memphis, just below Pickensville, and at some other points. Opposite the upper end of the county, in Lowndes County, Miss., is a crossing place at Lincacum Shoals and at Ten Miles Shoals.

Settlement and Later History .- The first white settler in the county was Josiah Tilly

who was born in North Carolina or Tennes- see about 1785, lived in Tuscaloosa and in 1817, settled on the bluff, now known as Tilly's Bluff, on the Tombigbee, about half a mile above Pickensville. He was a trader among the Choctaws. The second settler was Jonathan York, who settled near Tilly in 1818. Catherine, a daughter of Jonathan York, was the first white child born in the county. In the same year Robert Proffet came settling on the site of Pickensville and John Barksdale settled near that place. Other settlers also came in 1818, among these, Robert and William Ringold who set- tled on the Tombigbee near Ringold's Bluff, Burwell Ball, Stephen P. Doss, James, Rob- ert and Daniel Coxe, James Newman, Eli- jah Wilbanks, and John G. Ring. After that year the county was rapidly settled. The majority of the immigrants were from the up country of South Carolina. The first corn crop was made in the county in 1818. The early settlers had to endure all of the privations and inconveniences incident to pioneer life. At first they had to bring their corn on packhorses from beyond the Black Warrior, using the Indian trails. They lived in rude log cabins with no shelter for their stock. The first mill in the county was a "tub mill," built by Henry Anderson in 1819 or 1820, on Big Creek, near Pickensville. Other mills were soon built, among these, Parker's mill, on one of the prongs of Bear Creek, Easterwood's on Coal Fire creek, Dor- rah's, Donoho's and Gardner's, their sites not now known. The settlers lived in great har- mony with their Choctaw neighbors across the Tombigbee, and often hired them as cot- ton pickers. With the establishment of churches, the opening of roads, and the run- ning of steamboats on the Tombigbee the county soon passed out of its pioneer condi- tions.

Agricultural Statistics .- From U. S. Cen- sus, 1910:

Farms and Farmers.

Number of all farms, 4,144.

Color and nativity of farmers:

Native white, 1,953.

Foreign-born white, 1.

Negro and other nonwhite, 2,190.

Number of farms, classified by size:

Under 3 acres,

3 to 9 acres, 77.

10 to 19 acres, 363.

20 to 49 acres, 1,599.

50 to 99 acres. 940.

100 to 174 acres, 664.

175 to 259 acres, 238.

260 to 499 acres, 216.

500 to 999 acres, 38.

1,000 acres and over, 9.

Land and Farm Area.

Approximate land area, 560,000 acres. Land in farms, 370,291 acres.

Improved land in farms, 151,344 acres.

Woodland in farms, 178,588 acres.

Other unimproved land in farms, 40,359 acres.

1865

PORTRAIT STATUE OF EMMA SANSOM, ALABAMA GIRL HEROINE, 1863 GADSDEN, ALA.

1123

HISTORY OF ALABAMA

Value of Farm Property.

All farm property, $4,843,444. Land, $2,616,422. Buildings, $994,028. Implements and machinery, $209,068.

Domestic animals, poultry, and bees, $1,- 023,926. Average values: All property, per farm, $1,169. Land and buildings per farm, $871. Land per acre, $7.07.

Domestic Animals (Farms and Ranges).

Farms reporting domestic animals, 3,999. Domestic animals, value, $1,000,230. Cattle: total, 13,490; value, $181,146. Dairy cows only, 6,229. Horses: total, 3,186; value, $285,721. Mules: total, 4,221; value, $472,682.

Asses and hurros: total, 39; value, $4,262. Swine: total, 15,277; value, $54,922.

Sheep: total, 717; value, $1,098.

Goats: total, 541; value, $399.

Poultry and Bees. All poultry, 72,160; value, $22,435. Bee colonies, 913; value, $1,261.

Farms Operated by Owners. Number of farms, 1,614. Per cent of all farms, 38.9. Land in farms, 234,959 acres. Improved land in farms, 68,375 acres. Land and buildings, $2,153,856. Farms of owned land only, 1,512. Farms of owned and hired land, 102. Native white owners, 1,346. Foreign-born white, 1.

Negro and other nonwhite, 267.

Farms Operated By Tenants. Number of farms, 2,524. Per cent of all farms, 60.9. Land in farms, 131,757 acres.

Improved land in farms, 81,559 acres.

Land and buildings, $1,406,559. Share tenants, 853.

Share-cash tenants, 15. Cash tenants, 1,521. Tenure not specified, 135. Native white tenants, 601.

Foreign-born white, - Negro and other nonwhite, 1,923.

Farms Operated by Managers.

Number of farms, 6. Land in farms, 3,575 acres. Improved land in farms, 1,410 acres.

Value of land and buildings, $50,035.

Live Stock Products. Dairy Products.

Milk: Produced, 1,216,683; sold, 4,954 gal- lons. Cream sold, Butter fat sold, Butter: Produced, 519,132; sold, 17,216 pounds.

Cheese: Produced, 48; sold, 20 pounds. Dairy products, excluding home use of milk and cream, $97,102. Sale of dairy products, $4,041. !

Poultry Products.

Poultry: Number raised, 166,336; sold, 30,- 132.

Eggs: Produced, 233,264; sold, 65,357 doz- ens.

Poultry and eggs produced, $74,358. Sale of poultry and eggs, $17,644.

Honey and War.

Honey produced, 7,172 pounds. Wax produced, 103 pounds. Value of honey and wax produced, $780.

Wool, Mohair, and Goat Hair

Wool, fleeces shorn, 156. Mohair and goat hair, fleeces shorn,

Wool and mohair produced, $103.

Domestic Animals Sold or Slaughtered.

Calves-Sold or slaughtered, 312. Other cattle-Sold or slaughtered, 2,095. Horses, mules and asses and burros- Sold, 200. Swine, sold or slaughtered, 7,410.

Sheep and goats-Sold or slaughtered, 251. Sale of animals, $43,818. Value of animals slaughtered, $88,912.

Value of All Crops.

Total, $1,848,592.

Cereals, $324,053. Other grains and seeds, $10,023.

Hay and forage, $38,876.

Vegetables, $126,608.

Fruits and nuts, $29,104.

All other crops, $1,319,928.

Selected Crops (Acres and Quantity).

Cereals: total, 41,567 acres; 346,254 bushels. Corn, 38,854 acres; 323,414 bushels. Oats, 2,711 acres; 22,838 bushels.

Wheat, 2 acres; 2 bushels. Rye,

Kafir corn and milo malze, Rice, -

Other grains: Dry peas, 820 acres; 4,415 bushels. Dry edible beans, 5 acres; 43 bushels. Peanuts, 143 acres; 1,880 bushels.

Hay and forage: total, 3,440 acres; 3,646 tons.

All tame or cultivated grasses, 1,598 acres; 1,876 tons.

Wild, salt and prairie grasses, 1,201 acres; 1,148 tons. Grains cut green, 593 acres; 538 tons. Coarse forage, 48 acres; 84 tons. Special Crops: Potatoes, 66 acres; 4,945 bushels.

Sweet potatoes and yams, 969 acres; 58,689 bushels. Tobacco, 205 pounds. Cotton, 62,184 acres; 14,500 bales. Cane sugar, 455 acres; 2,692 tons. Sirup made, 47,984 gallons.

1124

HISTORY OF ALABAMA

Cane-sorghum, 152 acres; 622 tons. Sirup made, 7,896 gallons.

Fruits and Nuts.

Orchard fruits: total, 63,820 trees; 45,203 bushels.

Apples, 13,244 trees; 7,602 bushels.

Peaches and nectarines, 44,502 trees; 34,- 910 bushels. Pears, 2,092 trees; 1,749 bushels.

Plums and prunes, 3,719 trees; 880 bush- els.

Cherries, 117 trees; 13 bushels. Quinces, 70 trees; 10 bushels.

Grapes, 778 vines; 6,755 pounds.

Tropical fruits: total, 773 trees. Figs, 747 trees; 15,971 pounds. Oranges, -

Small fruits: total, 4 acres; 3,308 quarts. Strawberries, 1 acre; 1,108 quarts.

Nuts: total, 262 trees; 2,133 pounds. Pecans, 200 trees; 837 pounds.

Labor, Fertilizer and Feed.

Labor-Farms reporting, 982. Cash expended, $67,023. Rent and board furnished, $44,452

Fertilizer-Farms reporting, 2,174. Amount expended, $67,436.

Feed-Farms reporting, 1,913. Amount expended, $105,775.

Receipts from sale of feedable crops, $4,896.

Domestic Animals Not on Farms.

Inclosures reporting domestic animals, 321.

Value of domestic animals, $70,832.

Cattle: total, 741; value, $16,557. Number of dairy cows, 297.

Horses: total, 217; value, $28,257.

Mules, and asses and burros: total, 147; value, $24,065. Swine: total, 367; value, $1,934.

Sheep and goats: total, 13; value, $19.

Post Offices and Towns .- Revised to July 1, 1919. from U. S. Official Postal Guide. Figures indicate the number of rural routes from that office.

Aliceville-2

Lathrop

Carrollton (ch)-3

Lois Springs

Coal Fire

McShan-1

Cochrane

Marquis

Dancy

Mayfield

Ethelsville-3

Pickensville

Gordo-3

Reform-3

Stafford.

Population. - Statistics from decennial publications of the U. S. Bureau of the Cen- sus.

White

Negro

Total

1830

4,974

1,648

6,622

1840

9,347

7,771

17,118

1850

10,972

10,540

21,512

1860

10,117

12,199

22,316

1870

8,052

9,638

17,690

1880

9,132

12,347

21,479

1890

9,284

13,185

22,469

1900

10,481

13,921

24,402

1910

12,104

12,951

25,055

1920

25,353

Delegates to Constitutional Conventions .-

1861-Lewis M. Stone, W. H. Davis.

1865-Martin L. Stansel, Robert Henry.

1867-Benjamin Rolfe.

1875-Elbert D. Willett, Lewis M. Stone. 1901-E. D. Willett.

Senators .-

1822-3-Levin Powell.

1825-6-Jesse Van Hoose.

1827-8-James Moore.

1829-30-Rufus K. Anderson.

1832-3-Rufus K. Anderson.

1834-5-Samuel B. Moore.

1835-6-Samuel B. Moore.

1838-9-Peyton King.

1841-2-Peyton King.

1844-5-Jeptha Spruill.

1847-8-James M. Beckett.

1851-2-Joel E. Pearson.

1853-4-John J. Lee.

1855-6-B. F. Wilson.

1857-8-Alexander B. Clitherall.

1859-60-Lewis M. Stone.

1863-4-John J. W. Payne.

1865-6-M. L. Stansel.

1868-Charles Hayes.

1869-70-A. M. McIntosh.

1871-2-A. M. McIntosh.

1872-3-Lloyd Leftwich. 1873-Lloyd Leftwich.

1874-5-Lloyd Leftwich.

1875-6-Lloyd Leftwich.

1876-7-J. A. Billups.

1878-9-Jerome Clanton.

1880-1-Jerome Clanton.

1882-3-J. A. Billups. 1884-5-J. A. Billups.

1886-7-Jerome Clanton.

1888-9-Jerome Clanton.

1890-1-M. L. Stansel.

1892-3-M. L. Stansel.

1894-5-John A. Rogers.

1896-7-John A. Rogers.

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History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume II, Part 74

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869- Publication date: 1921 Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company Number of Pages: 724

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869-
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company
Number of Pages: 724