A new and comprehensive gazetteer of Virginia, and the District of Columbia, Part 14

Author: Martin, Joseph. ed. cn; Brockenbrough, William Henry
Publication date: 1835
Publisher: Charlottesville, J. Martin
Number of Pages: 1278

USA > Washington DC > Washington DC > A new and comprehensive gazetteer of Virginia, and the District of Columbia > Part 14
USA > Virginia > A new and comprehensive gazetteer of Virginia, and the District of Columbia > Part 14

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about to be established on a perma- BROWN'S COVE, P. O. 109 m's. N. nent footing by a young gentleman W. of R., and 136 from W. situated said to be entirely competent to its in the northern part of the county.

proper management: if such be the BROOKSVILLE, P. O. situated at the case it will certainly flourish, as such junction of the Rivanna and Rockfish

a school is much wanted, and the tem- turnpike with the Scottsville and porary schools hitherto established Staunton turnpike ; 101 m's. N. W of have met with remarkable success. R., and 20 S. W. of Charlottesville. The town has a circulating library of CARTER'S BRIDGE, P. O. situated well selected books.

at the passage of Hardware through Washington, and 91 from R.

An Agricultural Society which S. W. Mountain, 133 m's. from boasts among its members the princi- pal farmers of this and the neighbour- meetings here; at the fall meeting

CHARLOTTESVILLE, P. T. ing counties, holds its semi-annual and county seat, 123 m's. S. W. from Washington, and 81 N. W. by W. there is an exhibition of live stock, and from R. It is beautifully situated, domestic fabrics, and premiums are N. lat. 38º 3', long. 1º 5' W. of awarded for the best productions. Washington, a mile east of the Uni- The mechanical occupations are as versity of Virginia, and 3 m's. N. W. follows :- 1 printing office, issuing a from Monticello, in a fertile and well weekly paper, and frequently engaged watered valley, on the right bank of in books and pamphlets, 4 tailoring the Rivanna river, at the intersection establishments which give employ- of the main post roads leading from ment to a number of hands, 3 tan Lynchburg, Staunton, and Lexing- yards, 3 saddlers, 1 tin plate worker, ton, to Washington, Alexandria and 2 cabinet makers, 3 wheelwrights, 1 Richmond. It contains besides the chair maker, house and sign painter, ordinary county buildings, 1 Episco- 2 coach and gig manufactories, 2 palian, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and jewellers, 2 boot and shoe factories, 1 Methodist house of worship, 3 large which employs a number of hands, 1 and commodious hotels, 1 tavern, 2 hatter, 2 confectioners, 4 blacksmith's bookstores, 2 druggist's stores, and shops, 1 brick yard, 2 book binders, 15

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several house carpenters, bricklayers, Superior Court of Law and Chancery &c. The professional men are 6 at- on the 10th of May, and 10th of Oc- tober. torneys at law, 6 physicians and 3 surgeon dentists. The whole popu- lation by an accurate census recently taken expressly for this work is 957; viz : white males 290-females 260- free blacks 59-slaves 348.

The village is provided with a fire engine, and company attached; and boasts a large and well disciplined corps of volunteers. The navigation of the Rivanna has recently been opened by locks and dams, and boats with their lading can now ascend to Pireus, within a mile and a quarter of Charlottesville, which is a depot for the produce of the northern and middle part of this county, part of Au- gusta, and will be for Rockingham and the counties beyond it, when a road which has been located and com- menced from Charlottesville to Har- risonburg shall have been completed. A neat and permanent covered bridge has recently been erected at a cost of $4,000 over the Rivanna River, on the post road leading from Charlottes- ville to Alexandria, D. C. Several lines of daily stages pass through this town. Charlottesville is a healthy place, and for the most part compactly though irregularly built, the houses are generally of brick, of which there are about 200, large, handsome, and comfortable dwellings. The surface on which the town stands is elevated from 5 to 700 feet above the tide of the ocean, and the vicinity is salubri- ous, and the soil fertile, producing in abundance, wheat, corn, oats, tobacco, &c. In the neighbourhood are seve- ral extensive flour manufacturing, grist, and saw mills, and 2 carding machines. The country around is thickly settled, abounding with hand- some and valuable- farms, well culti- vated and rapidly improving.

County Courts are held on the 1st Monday in every month; - Quarterly, March, June, August, and November. JUDGE THOMPSON opens his Circuit

COVESVILLE, P. V. 145 m's. S. W. of W., and 103 N. W. by W. of R., situated in the western part of the county, 22 m's. from Charlottesville, on the stage road leading from that place to Lynchburg. It contains sev- eral dwelling houses, 1 general store, 1 house of entertainment, 1 tan yard, 1 milliner and mantua, maker, and 1 Presbyterian house of worship. Pop- ulation 30.

DYER'S OLD STORE, P. O. 138 m's. S. W. of W. and 96 from R.

EVERETTSVILLE, P. O. 116 m's, S. W. of W., and 74 from R .; it con- tains a tavern, 1 general store, a blacksmith's and a . wheelwright's shop.

EARLYSVILLE, is pleasantly situ- ated 13 m's. E. of Longwood, and 13 N. of Charlottesville. It contains 7 dwellings, 1 tavern, 1 general store, 1 tailor, 1 wheelwright, 1 black- smith's shop, and 1 tan yard. Popu- lation 35.

GARLAND'S STORE, P. O. 137 m's, from W., and 95 from R.

HARDIN'S TAVERN, P. O. 130 m's, S. W. of W., and 88 from R., situated 3 miles W. of Charlottesville; near is the Methodists have a house of wor- ship called Shiloe.

HYDRAULIC MILLS, P. O. 112 S. W. of W. and 100 W. of R., 6 miles from Charlottesvile.

LAUREL SPRING, P. O. 167 m's. from W., and 25 m's. W. of Char- lottesville.

LINDSEY'S STORE, P. O. 76 m's. W. of R. and 108 from W.

LONGWOOD, P. V. 94 m's. N. W. by W. of R. and 136 S. W. of W. it has several dwelling houses. Popu- lation 30. One physician.

MILTON, 120 ms. S. W. of W. and 81 N. W. by W. of R. and 6 miles S. E. of Charlottesville ;- situated on the right bank of the Rivanna, and a mile and a half from the main stage

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road leading from Charlottesville to|ings which you cherish for its depart- Richmond. It was formerly a place ed owner, I persuade myself that you of some trade, being the head of boat will not be displeased with a brief and navigation, but the imperfect state of rapid sketch of that abode of domes- the navigation and the competition of tic bliss, that temple of science. Nor Scottsville and Charlottesville have is it, indeed, foreign to the express pur- pose of this meeting, which, in look- ling to ' his life and character,' natu- rally embraces his home and his do- mestic habits. Can any thing be in- different to us, which was so dear to him, and which was a subject of such just admiration to the hundreds and thousands that were continually re- sorting to it, as an object of pious pil- grimage? caused it to go to ruin. It contains 16 dwelling houses, 2 mercantile stores, and 1 tanyard ;- It has a plea- sant and romantic situation, upon a high spur or abutment of Monticello mountain, which places it far above the level of the river .- On the oppo- site side of the river, there is a Bap- tist church and a grist mill. Popu- lation 60 whites and 10 free blacks.

MOREMAN'S RIVER, P. O. 143 ms. from W. and 104 from R .-- N. W. of cello was built and furnished in the Charlottesville, and in the N. W. an- gle of the county; it has a house of private entertainment, one general store and a blacksmith shop.

MONTICELLO .- We have seen no where so true, so accurate, or so beau- tiful a description of the dwelling place of the Great Apostle of Liberty, as in WIRT's "Eulogy upon Adams and Jefferson." We are glad to have an opportunity of relieving the tedinm of dry statistic detail, by so rich a specimen of taste. "Let us now turn for a moment to the patriot of the South. The Roman morallist, in that great work which he has left for the government of man in all the offices of life, has descended even to prescribe the kind of habitation in which an honored and distinguished man should dwell. It should not, he says, be small, and mean, and sordid: nor, on the other hand, extended with profuse and wanton extravagance. It should be large enough to receive and accom- modate the visiters which such a man never fails to attract, and suited in its ornaments, as well as in its dimen- sions, to the character and fortune of the individual. Monticello has now lost its great charm.

" Those of you who have not alrea- dy visited it, will not be very apt to visit it hereafter: and from the feel-

" The Mansion House at Monti- days of his prosperity. In its dimen- sions, its architecture, its arrangements and ornaments, it is such a one as be- came the character and fortune of the man. It stands upon an elliptic plain, formed by cutting down the apex of a mountain; and, to the west, stretching away to the north and the south, it commands a view of the Blue Ridge for a hundred and fifty miles, and brings under the eye one of the bold- est and most beautiful horizons in the world; while on the east, it presents an extent of prospect bounded only by the spherical form of the earth, in which nature seems to sleep in eter- nal repose, as if to form one of her finest contrasts with the rude and rol- ling grandeur of the west. In the wide prospect, and scattered to the north and south, are several detached mountains, which contribute to ani- mate and diversify this enchanting landscape; and among them, to the south Willis's mountain,* which is

* This mountain, which is in the county of Buckingham, at a distance of 70 miles from R. consists of two conical peaks jut- ting from the plain, which often at sunrise on a clear morning, assume every possible variety of form, and in each appears so natural, that one seeing it for the first time, would suppose each its natural shape. 'This beautiful iffusion is produced by the rising of the clouds towards the sunnuit of the mountain, on the rising of the sun.

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so interestingly depicted in his Notes. the fossil productions of our country, From this summit, the Philosopher mineral and animal; the polished re- mains of those colossal monsters that once trod our forests, and are no more; and a variegated display of the branch- ing honors of those 'monarchs of the waste,' that still people the wilds of celestial sphere. From this summit, the American Continent. was wont to enjoy that spectacle,among the sublimest of Nature's operations, the looming of the distant mountains; and to watch the motions of the plan- ets, and the greater revolution of the too, the patriot could look down with uninterrupted vision, upon the wide expanse of the world around, for which he considered himself born; and up- ward to the open and vaulted heavens,

"From this hall he was ushered into a noble saloon, from which the glorious landscape of the west again bursts up- on his view; and which, within, is hung thick around with the finest pro- which he seemed to approach, as if ductions of the pencil-historical to keep him continually in mind of paintings of the most striking subjects, his high responsibility. It is indeed from all countries, and all ages; the a prospect in which you see and feel, portraits of distinguished men and at once, that nothing mean or little could live. It is a scene fit to nourish those great and high-souled principles which formed the elements of his cha- racter, and was a most noble and ap- propriate post for such a sentinel, over the rights and liberties of men.

patriots, both of Europe and America, and medallions, and engravings in endless profusion.

" While the visiter was yet lost in the contemplation of these treasures of the arts and sciences, he was start- led by the approach of a strong and sprightly step, and turning with in- stinctive reverence to the door of en- trance, he was met by the tall, and ani- mated, and stately figure of the pat-

"Approaching the house on the east, the visiter instinctively paused to cast around one thrilling glance at this magnificent panorama: and then passed to the vestibule, where, if he riot himself-his countenance beam- had not been previously informed, he ing with intelligence and benignity, and his outstretched hand, with its strong and cordial pressure, confirm- ing the courteous welcome of his lips. And then came the charm of manner and conversation that passes all de- scription-so cheerful-so unassum- ing-so free, and easy, and frank, and kind, and gay,-that even the young and overawed, and embarrassed visiter forgets his fears, and felt himself by the side of an old and familiar friend."

would immediately perceive that he was entering the house of no common man. In the spacious and lofty hall which opens before him, he marks no tawdry and unmeaning ornaments : but before, on the right, on the left, all around, the eye is struck and grati- fied by objects of science and taste, so classed and arranged as to produce their finest effect. On one side, spe- cimens of sculpture set out in such order, as to exhibit at a 'coup d' Oil, Mr. Jefferson states in his Notes that Monticello is 500 feet above the Rivanna which runs at its base; it is the most northern of the portion of the South West mountain, called by the local name of Carter's mountain. The late proprietor injured the ap- pearance of Monticello very much by cutting down the beautiful shade and ornamental trees for the purpose of the historical progress of that art, from the first rude attempts of the ab- origines of our country, up to that ex- quisite and finished bust of the great patriot himself, from the master hand of Caracci. On the other side the visiter sees displayed a vast collection of specimens of the Indian art, their paintings, weapons, ornaments, and manufactures; on another an array of cultivation; but it is believed that the

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deep veneration entertained by the pre- worship, a male and a female school, sent owner for the character of Mr. and two Sunday schools, nine gene- ral and five grocery stores, and one apothecaries shop. The principal manufactures are clothing, leather shoes, cabinet work, and earthen ware. An inspection of flour and tobacco is established in this place, of the former the average quantity inspected and sold is 3500 barrels. Scottsville car- ries on an extensive trade in flour, bacon, butter, lard, and other pro- ducts, with the counties of Nelson, Augusta, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Bath, Pendleton, and Pocahontas; these products are exchanged for groceries, gypsum, coarse cotton and woollen cloths and money. The mar- ket of Scottsville is ready and tempt- Jefferson, and the respect he enter- tains even for the inanimate objects associated with his memory, will lead him to restore it, as far as possible to the condition in which he left it, and attend carefully to the preservation of every object which could be supposed to have occupied his attention, or added beauty to his residence. The curiosi- ties of which Mr. Wirt speaks were presented to the University of Virgi- nia, the paintings we believe were sold, the bust was bought by Congress. -A simple massive granite obelisk marks the grave of Jefferson, with the unostentatious inscription- written by himself, which speaks only of being the "Author of the Declaration of ing to the producer, the only fault of Independence, and the Founder of its enterprising merchants being that the University of Virginia;" thus showing how much more highly the venerable sage regarded the bursting of the fetters which bound the free- dom of the people, and the emancipa- tion of the mind from the chains of ignorance, -- than all his civic tri- umphs.

MOUNT ALTO, P. O. 156 ms. S. W. by W. of W. and 97 ms. from R.

MOUNT ISRAEL P. O. 145 ms. S. W. of W. and 103 from R .- 17 ms. N. W. of Charlottesville.

NEW YORK, P. V. 143 ms. S. S. W. of W. and 101 from R .- It is situated in the western part of the county, near the foot of the Blue Ridge; it contains 15 houses, 2 general stores, 1 tanyard, 1 jackscrew manufacturer, 1 boot and shoe maker, and 1 black- smith's shop-Population 70.

SCOTTSVILLE, formerly Scott's Ferry, is 150 miles S. W. of Wash- ington, and 83 W. of Richmond. It is situated on the N. bank of James STONEY POINT, P. V. 71 ms. N. W. by W. of Richmond, and 113 from Washington-in the N. E. part of the county. river, 20 miles W. S. W. of Char- lottesville. This place has improved rapidly in the last 4 years, and is yet a flourishing village. It contains 120 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, P. O. houses, chiefly of brick; one Metho- situated one mile W. of Charlottes- dist and one Presbyterian house of ville, 124 W. of S. W. from Wash-

they pay prices too liberal for their own prosperity, and this cause only has lately given a temporary check to the rising of the town. A tri- weekly line of stages passes through it, communicating with Richmond and Staunton. Scottsville being situ. ated at the extreme northwestern bend of the navigable water of James river, would probably acquire an immense increase of trade, if the James and Kanawha improvement is carried in-' to effect. There is a savings institu- tion in the town. It has two resident attornies and four regular physicians; its whole population is about 600.

SHADWELL MILLS, -- erected by Mr. Jefferson, on the Rivanna near the spot of his birth; they carry on an exten- sive business, having a large mer- chant, grist, and saw mill, with a carding machine, &c. The main stage road from Charlottesville to Richmond runs by them.

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ington, and 82 N. W. by W. of Rich- claration, that he will conform to those mond. This institution was founded laws, and, if he be a resident student, in 1819, under the immediate super- that he has deposited with the Patron all the funds in his possession. vision of Mr. Jefferson, and organised in 1825, and had the same year 123 COURSE OF INSTRUCTION .- In each school, there are three regular lectures a week; besides which, there are in most of them extra lectures suited to the several classes into which the school is divided. The mode of instruction is by text-books and' lec- tures, accompanied by rigid examina- tions. The course pursued in each school, is as follows. students, and has been gradually in- creasing until in 1834 it had 208,- Its Library contains nearly 10,000 volumes; its philosophical and chemi- cal apparatus are very complete, and it has a handsome cabinet of mine- rals. There is also an anatomical and a general museum, and an astro- nomical observatory, with the requi- site instruments. The importance of ANCIENT LANGUAGES. Profes- son Harrison .- In this school are taught the Latin and Greek Lan- management and regulations than of guages, and Literature, and the He- similar institutions. this institution to the state renders it necessary to give a fuller detail of its brew Language. The instruction, MATRICULATION .- To be admit- ted into the University, the Student must be sixteen years of age; but jects: the Faculty are authorised to dis- given by prelections and examina- tions, comprises the following sub- 1. The formation and composition pense with this requisition in the case of words, and the laws by which they of application for admission by two are governed. brothers, one of whom is under the age of sixteen.

If the applicant for admission has been a student at any other incorpor- ated seminary, he cannot be received, but on producing a certificate from such seminary, or other satisfactory evidence to the Faculty, with respect to his general good conduct.

2. The primary and secondary signification of words and the princi- ples by which they must be ascer- tained.

3. Syntax .- The relations which words sustain to each other in a sen- tence, are taught at the same time and in connexion with their endings, the latter serving, with the aid of prepo-

Every Student is free to attend the sitions, &c., as signs of the former. Schools of his choice, and no other The importance of attending to the order in which words are arranged in a sentence, and of being careful to read the words and members of a sen- tence just as they stand in the Latin and Greek authors, is insisted upon. The other idomatic peculiarities are carefully noticed. than he choses ; provided, that if un- der the age of twenty-one, he shall attend at least three professors, unless he has the written authority of his parent or guardian, or the Faculty shall, for good cause shewn, allow him to attend less than three. The qualifications of the Student to enter 4. Metres and Quantity .- These the Schools of Antient Languages, are objects of constant attention.

Mathematics, and Natural Philoso- phy, are tested by previous examina- tions.

5. The Greek and Roman Histo- ry, Geography and Literature, are taught by prelections, and by com- menting ou portions of the text-books

Before a student matriculates, he is furnished with a copy of the laws, appointed to be read. These form which he is required to read. On part of the studies of the senior classes. matriculating, he signs a written de- The text-books are:

٢٤ ساوالده

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In the Junior Latin Class :- Ho-fence is made to Mitford, Gillies, &c. race, Cicero's Epistles ad Diversos, In both Grecian and Roman History, pains is taken to point out the ancient Terence, and Cæsar's Commentaries; the last chiefly with a view to the writ- authorities. ten exercises. Zumpt's Latin Gram- In Hebrew :- Biblia Hebraica, edit. Van Der Hooght, by D' Allemand, London; or the revised edition by Aug. Hahn, Leipsic; which is better. Stuart's Hebrew Grammar, 3d edi- tion, and Gesenius's Hebrew Lexicon, by Gibbs : [not the abridgement.] mar is referred to. The student should ' have Lempriere's Classical Dictiona- ry, new edition by Anthon, in two vols .; Adams' Roman Antiquities, and the Ancient, with the corresponding Modern Maps of the series published by the "Society for the diffusion of useful knowledge," or the " ÆEton Comparative Atlas."

In the Senior Latin Class :- Juve- nal, Livy, and Tacitus. Of both Livy and Tacitus the student should have the whole works, so far as they re- main.

In the Junior Greek Class :- Xc- nophon's Anabasis, a play of Euri- pides, or ÆEschylus, and Herodotus. Buttmann's Greek Grammar, is re- rerred to :- the " Larger" Grammar of Buttmann, by Robinson, is to be preferred. Donnegan's Greek and English Lexicon, and Thierseh's Greek Tables by Patton, are recom- inended.

In the Senior Greek Class :- Eu- ripides, Sophocles, 'Thucydides, and Homer. In the prelections to this class, it is attempted to introduce the student into the higher departments of grammatical criticism; references are made to the large Grammar of Mat- thia, and to the annotations of Por- son, Schaefer, Hermann, Erfurdt, Elmsley, &c.

In Roman History, &c .- The stu- dents are advised to read the early lustrations given.

part of Hooke's Roman History, with Ferguson's Roman Republic, Nich- uhr's Roman Flistory, and Heeren's Manual: also, Montesquieu's "Gran- deur et decadence des Romains," and Dunlop's History of Roman Litera- ture.

It is expected of the students of La- tin and Greek, that they will read in their rooms a list of such authors and parts of authors, furnished by the Professor, as cannot be read in the lecture-room : e. g. Cicero's Epistles to Atticus, his Orations (selected,) and Treatise "de Republica ;" Sal- lust, Terence, Plautus: Æschylus, Virgil, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristo- phanes, Demosthenes, Æschines, Thu- cydides, &c.

As an essential part of the course, the students of each class are required to furnish regularly, once a week, a written exercise; which consists in the conversion of Latin or Greek into English, and of English into Latin or Greek. The exercises are examined by the Professor, and the errors marked : thus corrected, they are re- turned to the students, and the correc- tions stated and explained in the pre- sence of the class. For these exer- cises, the classic authors are used as the text. The black-board is contin- ually used for the prupose of assisting the student, by the aid of the eye, in comprehending and retaining the il-

MODERN LANGUAGES. Professor Blattermann .-- The languages taught, in this school, are the French, Span- ish, Italian, German, and Anglo Sax- on; and if desired, will also be taught, the Danish, Swedish, Hollandish, and Portuguese Languages, In each of them, there are two classes, the senior and the junior, together with a third

In Grecian History, &c. :- The History of Greece published by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful class for those who wish to qualify Knowledge, is the text-book. Refer- themselves for degrees in this school,

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as it is required that two degrees bel The second junior class continue obtained in modern languages before to read Lacroix's Algebra, and Bon- that of A. M. will be conferred: Be- nycastle's Inductive Geometry. In the latter, they successively acquire, the theorems of Synthetic Geometry- the theory and practice of Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, with the ap- plication of the latter to Nautical As- tronomy-the theory of Projection- and the theory of Curved lines and Surfaces. Their subsequent studies usually embrace a portion of the Dif- ferential Calculus. sides the oral translations in the lec- ture room, the students are required to write, as regular exercises out of the lecture rooms, translations from the foreign language into English, and vice versa. Lectures on the Literature of cach of the nations whose languages are taught, are de- livered twice a week, by the Profes- sor ; as also lectures on Modern His- tory, and the political relations of the different civilized nations of the pre- sent day. The text-books used are the principal classics in each lan- guage.

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A new and comprehensive gazetteer of Virginia, and the District of Columbia, Part 14

Author: Martin, Joseph. ed. cn; Brockenbrough, William Henry Publication date: 1835 Publisher: Charlottesville, J. Martin Number of Pages: 1278

Author: Martin, Joseph. ed. cn; Brockenbrough, William Henry
Publication date: 1835
Publisher: Charlottesville, J. Martin
Number of Pages: 1278