History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume I, Part 127

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869-
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company
Number of Pages: 756

USA > Alabama > History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume I > Part 127

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A training school is provided, which is a distinct unit working independently, and yet in full harmony with the institute. This training school is the Montevallo public schools.

The institute does extension work for wom- en upon an agreed plan of cooperation with the Alabama Polytechnic Institute under the Smith-Lever Act of Congress. In its de- velopment canning clubs are organized and promoted in the various counties. Movable schools are held throughout the State, there- by giving many communities an opportunity for instruction in home economics, including cooking, dietetics, serving, house planning and furnishing, dairying, poultry-raising, gardening and sanitation.

Student Organizations .- These include the Young Women's Christian Association, a part of the South Central Territory, and affili- ated with the national board of Y. W. C. A. of America. It is represented at State con- ventions and at the Southern general con- ference at Blue Ridge, N. C. In 1913 an athletic association was organized for the promotion of interest in athletics, inclnd- ing basketball, baseball, captain-ball, volley- ball, hockey and tennis. Five club organi- zations are maintained: the Philomathic, Tutwiler, Castalian, Emma Hart Willard, and the Story-Tellers' Leagne. The alumnae association was organized in May, 1902, to foster the ties formed during school days, and to establish a fund to aid students. The association has undertaken the erection of a modern home on the institute campus, to be used in connection with the domestic science and domestic art departments. Scholarships are regularly offered by the

alumnae association, the Julia Strudwick Tutwiler Club, the Alabama Federation of Women's Clubs, the Alabama Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, the Stonewall Chapter, United Daughters of the Confeder- acy, Chicago, and "C McK. H."

Summer School .- In May, 1916, the trus- tees ordered the opening of a Summer School. but the first session was not held until 1916. A six weeks' course has been regularly offered since that date. While to the regular session of the institute, women only are admitted, men are enrolled for Sum- mer School work. Courses in Agriculture, Art and Manual Training, Bookkeeping and Stenography, Chemistry, Education, English, Geography, History, Home Economics, Mathe- matics, Physics, Physical Education and Red Cross work.

Library .- The instinte maintains an up-to- date library, administered by a graduate li- brarian. The following descriptive statement is from the catalogue of 1917:

"The number of volumes now in the li- brary is over seven thousand, besides many pamphlets and periodicals. These have been classified by the Dewey Decimal System, and by means of card catalog are made a most valuable help in the student's independent collateral work. Many volumes are added to the library each year, including books of reference, departmental books, and those of general interest. About $1,000 a year is spent on the library for books and periodi- cals. Many of the best periodicals of the day, literary, scientific, educational, musical, art, household, and fashion, and several newspapers, religions and political, are al- ways to be found on the rack."

Librarians: Miss Alice Wyman, 1907-1908 (leave of absence 1908-1909) and 1909-Jan- uary, 1912; Miss Bessie Ford, supply, 1908- 09; Miss Minnie Murrill, January, 1912-June. 1914; Miss Olive Mayes, 1914-1918; Miss Florence Dawson, 1918-1919; Miss Mayes, 1919 -.

Presidents .-- H. Clay Reynolds, 1896-99; Dr. F. M. Peterson, 1899-1907; J. Alex Moore, Acting, October 25, 1906-May 31, 1907; Dr. Thomas W. Palmer, 1907 -.

See Home Economics Association, The Ala- bama; Montevallo; Normal Schools.

REFERENCES .-- Acts, 1892-93, p. 1002; 1896-97, p. 1171; 1898-9, pp. 70, 75, 222; 1900-01, pp. 241, 2247; General Acts 1907, p. 101, 102, 199, 235, 579; 1911, pp. 22, 377; 1915, pp. 140, 157, 937; Weeks, Public school education in Alabama (U. S. Bureau of Education, Bulletin 12, 1915), p. 182; An educational survey of Alabama (Ibid, Bulletin 41, 1919); E. S. Lyman, "Sketch," In A. G. I. S. Bulletin, Jan. 1908; and manuscript data in the Alabama Department of Archives and History.

GLENOLA COTTON MILLS, Enfaula. See Cotton Manufacturing.

GLENWOOD. Post office and incorporated town in the eastern part of Crenshaw County, on the west bank of Conecuh River, and on the Central of Georgia Railway, about 18

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miles southwest of Troy, and about 7 miles southeast of Luverne. Population: 1910- 336. It is incorporated under the municipal code of 1907.

GLOBE COAL CO. See Pratt Consolidated Coal Co.

GOATS. See Live Stock and Products.

GOLD. Gold ores are found in various sections of Cleburne, Clay, Talladega, Coosa, Chilton, Elmore, Tallapoosa, and Randolph Counties. The total area is about 3,500 square miles and wholly within the region of the metamorphic and igneous rocks. The gold deposits are not uniformly distributed through this territory, but occur in several roughly parallel belts having a general north- east-southwest direction. The ore bodies are quartz veins of the bedded or segregation type, varying from a few inches to 50 feet in thickness, and occurring usually in feebly crystalline or semicrystalline schists, amongst dikes of igneous rocks-granites, and diorites especially. The quartz veins are often of lens shape, and of considerable size, some- times not thicker than the hand, and are likely to be in clusters or groups, the mem- bers of which are separated by barren rocks. The quartz veins are at times associated with mica schists and other well crystallized rocks and occasionally the slates near the veins are gold bearing. The small fissures in the slate are often filled with small quartz lenses, and in addition, are frequently highly graphitic. The gold ores run in value from a mere trace of gold to $500 a ton. Where the ore body consists of thin lenses in gold bearing slates the values seldom run higher than $2 a ton. Above the water level these ores are all free- milling, porous, friable, and usually iron- stained, at times showing free gold to the eye. Below water level are the sulphurets. There are also a few placer deposits of much im- portance, and decayed rock, called saprolite, from which gold may be obtained by merely washing.

One of the best known and the richest of the ore leads is the one known as the Devil's Back Bone, crossing Tallapoosa County near its northwestern border. Here the quartz veins are from 6 to 50 feet thick, and nearby are several large ore bodies consisting of quartz lenses in impregnated highly graphitic slates without any well defined wall.

There have been more than a hundred dif- ferent gold mines, of greater or less impor- tance, opened in the area described above, 30 of them in Tallapoosa County; about 30 in Cleburne; more than 20 in Randolph; 6 in Clay; several in Coosa and Chilton; and one in Elmore. More than two-thirds of these mines are in the Talladega slates, of which there are four separate belts of unequal width, the two farthest to the northwest being the largest, and least important. The other two belts, though narrower and shorter, are more important. They are known as the Silver Hill and the Goldville belts. On the former are the Silver Hill, Mass, Garrett,

Long Branch, Blue Hill, Farrar, Gregory Hill, Nicholls, Gold Hill, Bonner-Terrell, Eagle Creek, and other mines. On the latter are several mines about Goldville, Goldberg, Hog Mountain, and Turkey Heaven, and those about Wedowee. The Talladega or Terrapin Mountain belt carries the Parsons, Kemp Creek, Riddle's Mill, Story, Woodward, Gold Log and other mines. The mines and placers of Arbacoochee and Chulafinnee are near the southeastern edge of this belt. The placers of Arbacoochee, Chulafinnee, and Long Branch are the most important, and have been worked for more than 60 years, as they always yield some returns for the labor expended on them. Nuggets of some value are obtained from Arbacoochee every year, by sluicing and panning.

Mining operations on the quartz veins have not been scientifically conducted. Seldom have the shafts been sunk below the water level, and until recently there was no plant for working the sulphurets. Many years ago a number of pits and shafts were sunk in the quartz veins of the Goldville district, along a line extending 12 miles or more, and exten- sive workings were carried on at Silver Hill. One of these early mines was called Pine- tucky, and has been continuously worked since its opening. The shaft is more than 100 feet deep. The most extensive mining of quartz veins of recent years has been car- ried on at Hog Mountain, in Tallapoosa County, in connection with a cyanide plant for extracting the gold.

Hydraulic working of placer deposits has been tried on a considerable scale during later years, water for the purpose having been car- ried as far as 4 miles by ditch and flume. In a general way it may be said that the mining of gold in Alabama offers profitable investments to capitalists for, while the ore is of low grade, the deposits are of such extent and so easily mined and milled as to afford a fair profit because of the small oper- ating expense. For more detailed informa- tion regarding the gold region, see Bulletins Nos. 3 and 5 of the Alabama State Geological Survey.

REFERENCES .- Smith and McCalley, Index to mineral resources of Alabama (Geol. Survey of Ala., Bulletin 9, 1904), pp. 53-56; Phillips, Pre- liminory report on lower gold belt of Alabama (Ibid, Bulletin 3, 1892) ; Brewer, Preliminary report on upper gold belt of Alabama (Ibid, Bulletin 5, 1896) ; Waldemar Lindgren, "The Southern Appalachian States" (in U. S. Geol. Survey, Mineral resources of U. S., 1905, pp. 297-304), Alabama passim; U. S. Geol. Survey, Mineral resources of United States, 1906, p. 326, 1907, p. 556.

GOLDEN CROSS, UNITED ORDER OF. A fraternal beneficiary order, founded May 9, 1876, at Knoxville, Tenn., as Peace Com- mandery, No. 1. In June of that year, the United Order came into being, and on July 4th following, it was incorporated under the laws of Tennessee. It entered Alabama with a subordinate Commandery at Sylacauga, date not ascertained, but which is still in

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active existence. However, it was not until February, 1904, that the State of Alabama was really organized with the establishment of Commandery No. 833, at Huntsville. On June 30, 1918, there were 32 Commanderies in the State, having a membership of 2,159. The Grand Commandery of Alabama was in- stituted March 18, 1913. The second bien- nial meeting was held at Huntsville, 1915, the third in Sheffield, 1917, and the fourth in Huntsville, 1919.

It is interesting to note that there was an older organization, designated as the "Order of Knights of the Golden Cross," chartered at Mobile, February 17, 1854, with Thomas Buford, V. C. Rowan, J. P. Benja- min, F. Burgess, Peter Doyle, and J. N. L. Stoudale as incorporators. No details are preserved of this early society.

See Insurance, Fraternal.

REFERENCES .- United Order of the Golden Cross, Charter, Constitution and General Laws, 1917; Cooper, Address on Golden Cross Day, May 20, 1897; Proceedings of the Supreme Com- mandery, 40th annual session, 1916; Grand Commandery of Alabama, Constitution of, 1913, and Proceedings, 1915 and 1917; Acts, 1853-54, p. 378.

GOLDEN SEAL, ORDER OF THE. A fraternal benefit society, founded February 20, 1902, at Roxbury, N. Y. In December, 1911, the Fraternal Life and Accident As- sociation was organized at Richmond, Va., and later merged with the Golden Seal. In 1912, the latter was admitted to transact business in Alabama, and thereupon it ab- sorbed the local lodges of the Fraternal Life and Accident Association. On December 31, 1917, there were four lodges or camps in Alabama, with a membership of 152. The Order has no State grand bodies, but is gov- erned by a supreme camp. Its general head- quarters are at Roxbury, but a Southern Department is maintained at Richmond.

See Insurance, Fraternal.

REFERENCES .- Order of the Golden Seal, Con- stitution and Laws, 1917; and Journal of Pro- ceedings, 8th biennial session, 1917.

GOLF. See Country Clubs.

GOOD ROADS. See Roads and Highways.

GOOD ROADS ASSOCIATIONS. See Roads and High ways.

GOODWATER. Post office and incorpo- rated town, in the northeast corner of Coosa County, sec. 15, T. 24, R. 20, on Hatchet Creek, and on the Central of Georgia Railway, 20 miles northeast of Rockford and 14 miles southeast of Syllacauga. Altitude: 872 feet. Population: 1912-740. It is incorporated under the municipal code of 1907, with mayor and aldermen, and corporate limits forming a circle 1 mile in diameter, with the railroad station as the center. It has a city hall, built in 1908 at a cost of $4,000, electric light plant and waterworks operated by water

power from a dam in Hatchet Creek. Its tax rate is one-half the State rate. Its bonded indebtedness is $16,000, electric light bonds, due in 1928. Its banking institutions are the Planters Bank (State) and the Farmers & Merchants Bank (State). The Goodwater Enterprise, a Democratic weekly, established in 1904, is published there. Its industries are 2 cotton ginneries, a fertilizer plant, a grist- mill, a wagon factory and manufacturing plant, a sawmill and lumber yard, a planing mill, a cotton warehouse, 2 cottonseed ware- houses, and 3 graphite mines. It has a city high school and grammar schools. There is a playground with a small lake in the center of the town. Its churches are Methodist Episcopal, South, Baptist, and Presbyterian.

The locality was first known as Adkins Gap, after the first settler. Later the name was changed to Goodwater, because of the large spring that forms the source of Hatchet Creek and furnishes the water supply for the town. It is located on the old Jackson Trail from Talladega to Wetumpka. The first settlers were the Wm. Adkins, John Graham, J. E. Grimes, J. G. Mckenzie, Smith, Fears, Gam- ble and Manninghall families.

REFERENCES .- Brewer, Alabama (1872), p. 199; Northern Alabama (1888), p. 124; Polk's Alabama gazetteer, 1888-9, p. 386.

GORDO. Post office and station on the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, in northeastern part of Pickens County, 8 miles southeast of Re- form and 18 miles northeast of Carrollton, in secs. 8 and 9, T. 20, R. 13 E. Population: 1870-517; 1910-707. The Merchants & Farmers Bank (State) is located there. It is situated on the Columbus and Tuscaloosa, and the Vienna and Fayette public roads.

The first settlers were K. L. Daniels, A. T. Ezell, W. E. Davis, J. H. Propst, L. D. Elrod, S. Crawford, J. L. Davis, J. D. Lowe, H. M. Glass and D. J. Hargrove. It was a flourish- ing village as early as 1831. Bishop R. T. Hargrove, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, was born there.

REFERENCES .- Alabama Official and Statistical Register, 1915; Smith, Pickens County (1856).

GORDON. Post office and station on the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, in the eastern part of Houston County, on the Chattahoochee River, about 20 miles east of Dothan. Alti- tude: 160 feet. Population: 1900-village proper-356; 1910-village proper-293; 1910-Gordon Precinct, including village- 2,325. Bank of Gordon (State) is located there.

GOSHEN. Incorporated town in the south- western part of Pike County, on the Central of Georgia Railway, about 15 miles south- west of Troy. Population: 1910-347. It is near the Conecuh River, and situated upon an undulating plain which is the largest area of nearly level well-drained land in the county. It has the Citzens Bank (State).

REFERENCES .- Alabama Official and Statistical Register, 1915; U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soit survey of Pike County (1911).

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GOVERNMENT. See Cities and Towns; Commissions, Special; Constitutions and Conventions; Counties; Distribution of Pow- ers; Executive Department; Institutions, State; Judicial Department; Legislative De- partment.

GOVERNOR. Under the constitution, 1901, "The supreme executive power of this state shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled' 'the Governor of the State of Alabama.' " He is not only the head of the executive department of the State, but he is, within the limitations imposed by the con- stitution and laws, at the head of the entire state government, including all departments, institutions, special commissions, counties, and towns. The constitution specifically charges that he "shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed."

He is empowered by proclamation, to con- vene the legislature in extraordinary session. He is empowered and required to advise the legislature in reference to the condition of the state government, to recommend for con- sideration such matters as he may deem ex- pedient, and at the commencement of the reg- ular session of the legislature and at the close of his term of office to "give information by written message of the condition of the State."

He is empowered to "require information in writing, under oath, from the officers of the executive department named in this arti- cle, or created by statute, on any subject re- lated to the duties of their respective offices; and he may at any time require information in writing, under oath, from all officers and managers of state institutions, upon any sub- ject relating to the conditions, management, and expenses of their respective offices and institutions." For a wilful false report, or failure without sufficient excuse to make the required report on demand, such officer or manager "is guilty of an impeachable of- fense."

All bills after they have passed the legisla- ture, except as otherwise provided in the con- stitution, are required to be presented to the governor for his approval. He is authorized to return any bill "with his objections to the house in which it originated," and it is re- quired that "the objections shall be entered at large upon the journal. In order to pass a bill "notwithstanding the governor's veto," a majority of the whole number elected to each house must vote for its passage. In ad- dition to a direct veto, the governor may pro- pose amendments to bills which have been passed. He has power to approve or disap- prove any item or items of any appropriation bill in which there are distinct items, and the part or parts of the bill approved shall be law, and the items disapproved shall be void unless passed according to the rules and regulations prescribed for the passage of bills over the executive veto.

In collaboration with the auditor and at- torney general, it is made the duty of the governor "before each regular session of the legislature," to "prepare a general revenue

bill to be submitted to the legislature, for its consideration."

It is made the duty of the governor, as a part of the machinery for perfecting amend- ments to the constitution of the State, to is- sue a proclamation submitting such amend- ments to the people, and it is also made his duty to make the results of the election known by proclamation .- Constitution, sec. 284.

The governor is chairman ex officio of the board of trustees of the University of Ala- bama, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Ala- bama Girls' Technical Institute, the State Normal School board, the boards of control of the several agricultural schools, the Ala- bama Boys' Industrial School, the Alabama Girls' Training School, and the Alabama In- sane Hospital.

Extensive power is vested in the governor in the matter of original appointments to office in all branches of the government and in the appointment of trustees of state insti- tutions, and in filling vacancies, in state, county, and municipal offices, and all boards of trustees. All grants and commissions in the name and by the authority of the State are required to be signed by the governor, countersigned by the secretary of state, and sealed with the great seal.

The governor is commander in chief of the militia and volunteer forces of the State, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States; and he may call out the same to execute the laws, suppress insurrection, and repel invasion, but need not command in person unless directed to do so by resolution of the legislature.

The finances of the State are generally un- der his control and direction, and should any deficit occur in the state treasury at any time, he is given power to negotiate tempo- rary loans to supply such deficiency.

The governor is given control of all prop- erty belonging to the State, not including money or evidences of debt, unless otherwise provided by law, and he is in general cus- tody and control of the State capitol build- ing and grounds, and has the assignment of rooms in the capitol to the various offices, departments, commissions, bureaus, and boards.

Whenever suit is instituted against any person deriving title from the State to re- cover any lands within the limits of the State, "under pretense of any claim incon- sistent with its sovereignty and jurisdiction," it is made the duty of the governor, at the expense of the State, to employ counsel and provide for the defense of the suit.

The governor is authorized and empowered to carry out the provisions of the acts of the legislature of February 18, 1885, and of Feb- ruary 16, 1899, which provide for the con- solidation and adjustment of the bonded debt of the State .- Constitution, sec. 283.

Contracts for supplying the State with sta- tionery, printing, paper, and fuel for use in the legislative and other departments of the government, and contracts for printing and binding, repairing and furnishing the

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halls and rooms of the legislature are subject to the approval of the governor, auditor, and treasurer.

The governor is empowered to remit fines and forfeitures, and after conviction, to grant reprieves, paroles, commutations of sen- tence, and pardons, except in cases of im- peachment.

It is made the duty of the governor to copyright, for the use and benefit of the State, the published reports of the decisions of the supreme court, the court of appeals, the pamphlet acts of the legislature, and the codes.

Governor's Salary in Alabama

$2500.00-From Act of December 13, 1819, to Act of November 30, 1857.

$4000.00- From Act of November 30, 1857, to Act of January 19, 1876. $3000.00-From Act of January 19, 1876, to Act of February 2, 1903.

$5000.00-From Act of February 2, 1903, to Act of January, 1911.

$7500.00-Increased by Act of January, 1911, but operative only during the admin- istration of Gov. Henderson, that is, Jan- uary, 1915, to January, 1919. An Act was passed at the Legislature of 1915, which became a law without the approval of the Governor, reducing the salary to $5000.00, which will govern from January, 1919, un- less the Legislature shall amend the last named act prior to the inauguration of Governor Kilby.

GOVERNORS.

Mississippi Territory .- May 7, 1798. Win- throp Sargent, commissioned Governor of the Mississippi Territory. He was born May 1, 1753, at Gloucester, Mass .; died June 3, 1820 at New Orleans, La .; and is buried at Natchez, Miss.

May 25, 1800. William Charles Cole Clai- borne, commissioned Governor of the Missis- sippi Territory. He was born August, 1775, in Sussex county, Va .; died Nov. 23, 1817, at New Orleans, La .; and is there buried.

March 1, 1805. Robert Williams, com- missioned Governor of the Mississippi Terri- tory. He was born July 12, 1773, in Prince Edward county, Va .; died Jan. 25, 1836, at Ouachita, La .; and is there buried.

March 7, 1809. David Holmes, commis- sioned Governor of Mississippi Territory. He was born March 10, 1769 in York county, Pa .; died Aug. 20, 1832, in Winchester, Va .; and is there buried.

Alabama Territory .- September 25, 1817, temporary, December 16, 1817, permanent. William Wyatt Bibb, commissioned Governor of the Alabama Territory. He was born October 1, 1780, in Amelia County, Va .; died July 9, 1820, at Coosada, near Montgomery, and is there buried.

State of Alabama .- November 1819. William Wyatt Bibb, of Autauga County, inaugurated Governor of the State of Ala- bama. He was born October 1, 1780 in Amelia county, Va .; died July 9, 1820, at

Coosada near Montgomery, Ala .; and is there buried.

July 15, 1820 to Nov. 9, 1821. Thomas Bibb, of Limestone county, acting Governor of the State of Alabama. He was born in 1783 in Virginia; died Sept. 20, 1839, at Belle Mina; and is buried at Huntsville.

Nov. 9, 1821. Israel Pickens, of Greene county, inaugurated Governor of the State of Alabama. He was born Jan. 30, 1780, in Cabarrus county, N. C .; died April 24, 1827, at Matanzas, Cuba; and is buried at Greens- boro, Ala. (Grave unmarked.)

November 25, 1825. John Murphy, of Monroe county, inaugurated Governor of the State of Alabama. He was born in 1786, in Robeson county, N. C .; died Sept. 21, 1841, in Clarke county; and is buried about one mile and a half from Gosport church. (Grave unmarked.)

November 25, 1829. Gabriel Moore, of Madison county, inaugurated Governor of the State of Alabama. He was born in 1785, in Stokes county, N. C .; died June 9, 1844, in Caddo, Texas; and is there buried.

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History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume I, Part 127

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869- Publication date: 1921 Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company Number of Pages: 756

Author: Owen, Thomas McAdory, 1866-1920; Owen, Marie (Bankhead) Mrs. 1869-
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Chicago, The S. J. Clarke publishing company
Number of Pages: 756