History of California, Volume III, Part 70

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 824

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a year marked also by the wholesale slaughter of the mission cattle by order of the padres, and by the de- struction of the San Bernardino branch by hostile savages.10 Gutierrez turned over the control to Juan

10 Chronologie summary of S. Gabriel events. 1831. Gov. Victoria wounded, cared for at the mission in Dec. This vol., p. 206, 210. To be secularized and a school established under Echeandia's plan. Id., 305-6. A schooner framed here to be launched at S. Pedro. Id., 363. Death of P. Bos- cana, this chapter. 1832. Echeandía's forces encamped here in April. This vol., 227. P. Bachelot begins his service as assistant minister. Id., 317. 1833. Alf. Ignacio del Valle appointed as comisionado for secularization in Jan., but nothing accomplished. Id., 326. J. A. Carrillo goes in Feb. to harangue and tranquillize the Ind. Id., 327. Death of P. Sanchez and arrival of P. Estenega. This chap. This year a controversy between the mission and J. J. Nieto at Sta Gertrudis was settled by arbitration. N. had borrowed 8,000 (?) mission cattle on shares 8 or 9 years before. It was decided that N. should have all the cattle at Los Cerritos and the mission § of all the rest; and in Oct. that N. should give up 3,000 head. There was more trouble that had not been settled 3 years later. Dept. St. Pap., Ben .. , MS., v. 167-84.

1834. Part of the Mex. colony here from Sept. This vol., 267. Beginning of seenlarization, Col Nicolás Gutierrez made comisionado and an inventory prepared in Nov. Id., 346-8. Slaughter of the mission cattle, private indi- viduals taking contracts from the padre to kill cattle on shares for their hides and tallow. Id., 348-9. Indian depredations at S. Bernardino Oct .- Dec. Id., 350, and annals of Los Angeles in this chap. Controversy about right of the mission to use the salinas. Id., 374. Lugo, Fida, MS., 107, represents S. Bernardino as a very prosperous establishment, and says that extensive improvements in the buildings were in progress when the destruction oc- curred. This year a garrison was organized at S. Gabriel, to consist of a ser- geant and 8 men from Portilla's Mazatlan company. Dept. St. Pap., B. M., MS., lxxxviii. 26.

1835. Col Gutierrez still in charge, but no records of progress in secu- larization. The insurgents Apalátegui and Torres imprisoned here in March. This vol., 284. A painting of S. Gabriel is mentioned as having been made Jy Ferdinand Deppe this year from a drawing made on the spot. Later in possession of Daniel Hill at Sta Barbara, and photographed for Vischer's work. Taylor's Discov. and Found., ii. no. 42, p. 216; Hayes' Scraps, Angeles, iv. 84.

1836. No record of mission affairs except that Juan José Rocha was in charge as majordomo, being appointed in Feb. June Ist, oath taken to the new 'bases' or centralism. This vol., p. 423. Sept., soldiers refuse to serve without pay. Id., 446. The governor's alleged immoral conduct. Id., 448. 1837. José Perez succeeded Rocha as majordomo early in this year. Nothing known of events at the mission except occasional mention of the presence of portions of the northern or southern forces during the sectional wars. This vol., pp. 495, 501, 503, 510, 528. Of 1838 still less is known, not even the adminis- trator's name appearing. Coronel. Cosas de Cal., MS., 219, represents the mis- sion as still rich and in good order in 1838, but his view would seem to be exaggerated.

1839. Juan Bandini was administrator, having probably been appointed the year before. In March he claims that he found the mission property in a very bad condition, but has restored it to prosperity. But he offers liis resignation, and asks that the $500 due him for salary be paid in mares and other mission effects, as there is plenty of everything but cattle. He in- forms the govt in a private letter that he has already taken 40 young bulls, but will return them if the gov. thinks it best. The resignation seems to have been accepted, but reconsidered, as B. continued to serve through the

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José Rocha in 1836; the latter was succeeded in 1837 by José C. Perez; and he by Juan Bandini probably in 1838. Nothing is known in detail of the adminis- tration of these men, but in the middle of 1839 the mission had still 1,700 horses, 1,100 cattle, and 1,000 sheep. Local events in these years are swallowed up in the maelstrom of political doings at Los Angeles. In 1839-40 we have the visits of Visitador Hartnell, and the transfer of the estate from Bandini to Father Esténega. Live-stock now included 72 cattle and 700 sheep, yet Don Juan claimed to have done much for the welfare of the ex-mission.

At San Fernando Father Ibarra continued his ministry alone until the middle of 1835, when he re- tired temporarily to Mexico. His successor was Pedro Cabot from San Antonio, who served until his death in October, 1836.11 From this time till August,

year. March 20-2. St. Pap., Mis., MS., x. 1-2; Vallejo, Doc., MS., xxxii. 185, In June Hartnell made his first visit, reporting Bandini's accounts all right, the property in good condition, and the Indians content. He authorized B. to kill 100 cattle and to buy $2,000 worth of clothing to be paid for in brandy and other produce of the next year. In July B. appointed Rafael Guirado as clerk at $15 per month. Hartnell, Diario, MS., i. 53-4, 72-4; Arch. Miss., MS., ii. 887-9.

1840. In a letter of Feb. P. Duran quotes P. Esténega to the effect that the mission has to support 38 gente de razon, that there is not a candle, no tallow to make a candle, and no cattle fat enough to supply the tallow. 'What a scandal ! and what a comment on secularization !' says Duran. Arch. Misiones, MS., ii. 1017. March, Bandini speaks of the orange orchard as the only one in Cal., and he has given it special care, having restored it with over 100 trees. St. Pap. Mis., MS., vi. 42. At the end of April Bandini turned over the property by inventory to P. Estenega, Id., 41, but did not leave the mission or entirely give up the management. In May three droves of mares were stolen by Indians. From July 25th to Aug. Ist. Visitador Hartnell was here on his second tour. Bandini was absent at first, but came on the 28th. The Ind. complained bitterly that B. had carried off mission property, chiefly horses and carts (probably as per letter to gov. in 1839, as above); also that he had opened a dram-shop, sold mission brandy to the Ind., and then pin- ished them for getting drunk ! Hartnell declined to comply with the pre- feet's request that the administrator be ordered to supply his house with grain, soap, lard, etc. On Aug. Ist José Crispin Perez was appointed as majordomo to manage affairs under the supervision of P'. Estenega. Hartnell, Diario, MS., 21, 37, 64, 91-2, 99-100. H. was also at S. Gabriel on Ang. 18th-19th. Also in July and Aug. there were reports that the savages were on the point of renewing their hostilities at San Bernardino.

11 Pedro Cabot, a brother of Padre Juan Cabot, was born at Buñola, Mal- lorca, on Sept. 9, 1777. He became a Franciscan at Palma, Dec. 22, 1796; came to Mexico, June-Sept. 1503; and to Cal. Feb .- Ang. 1804. Ilis mis-

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LOCAL ANNALS OF LOS ANGELES DISTRICT.

1838, I find no mention of any minister, but Ibarra may possibly have served. Then came Blas Ordaz, who remained during the rest of the decade. Down to 1834 the decrease in neophyte population was less than 100; in live-stock there was no falling-off what- ever if the registers may be trusted; and the crops were still good. Thus this mission was exceptionally prosperous at this period; and at the end of the dec- ade there were still about 400 Indians in the ex- mission community, statistics being more voluminous than at the missions further south.12 Lieutenant Antonio del Valle was commissioned to secularize the establishment in 1834, and the next year became

sionary service was at S. Antonio in 1804-28, and again in 1820-34; at Sole- dad in 1828-9; and at San Fernando in 1835-6. He was rated by his superi- ors as of distinguished merit and scholarship, well qualified for any position in Cal., even the prelacy. Autobiog. Autog. de los Padres, MS .; Serria, In- forme sobre Frailes, 1817, MS., 59-60; Payeras in Arch. Sta B., MS., iii. 133. Fray Pedro was known as a dignified, scholarly, courteous man, nicknamed El Caballero in contradistinction to his rougher brother Juan, nicknamed El Marinero, than whom, however, he was hardly less popular. Both were noted for their hospitality at S. Antonio and S. Miguel, their adjoining mis- sions, and were beloved by all classes, notwithstanding Pedro's polished manners, retiring disposition, and tendency to asceticism. He gave much attention to the language of his neophytes, and he was an uncompromising royalist, declining to take the oath to republicanism in 1825-9. In July 1836 he was determined to quit the country and to persevere in his demands for a passport; and declined most positively Duran's request to serve as pres- ident in case of his (D.'s) departure. In Ang. he was called to shrive the victims of the vigilantes at Angeles, but deelined to come. His remains were interred in the mission cemetery on Oct. 12th, by Padre Ibarra. Copy of the burial register by Taylor in S. F. Bulletin, Apr. 25, 1864. Money due him is said to have been paid to a nephew who came from Spain.

12 Statistics of S. Fernando 1831-4. Decrease in pop. 827 to 792. Bap- tisms 89; largest no. 36 in 1834; smallest 16 in 1832. Deaths 124; largest no. 43 in 1832; smallest 19 in 1834. Cattle remained at 6,000 while horses and mules decreased from 560 to 520 by the loss of 40 mules; sheep remain- ing at 3,000. Largest crop 2,370 bush. in 1834; smallest 830 in 1831; average 1,530 bush., of which 940 wheat, yield 12 fold; 470 corn, yield 80 fold; beans 45, yield 9 fold.

Stat. for 1797-1834. Total of baptisms 2,839, of which 1,415 adult Ind., 1,367 Ind. children, 57 child. de razon; average per year 74. Total of mar- riages 849, of which 15 gente de razon. Deaths 2,028, of which 1,036 Ind. adults, 965 Ind. children, 12 and 15 de razon. Annual average 54; death rate 6.61 per cent. of pop. Largest pop. 1,080 in 1819 (or 1,100 in 1805, which may be an error). Sexes nearly equal; children from # to }. Largest no. of cattle 12,800 in 1819; horses 1,320 in 1822; mules 340 in 1812; asses 1 to 3 every year till 1819; sheep 7,800 in 1819; goats 600 in 1816; swine 250 in 1814; all kinds 21,745 animals in 1819. Total product of wheat 119,000 bush., yield 19 fold; barley, only raised in 6 years, 3,070 bush., 14 foll; maize 27,750 bush., 83 fold; beans 3,624 bush., 14 fold.

Miscell. stat. of 1834-40. 1834, P. Ibarra delivered to comisionado $20,000

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SAN FERNANDO.

majordomo, retaining the position, apparently to the satisfaction of all concerned, until 1837, when he was succeeded by Anastasio Carrillo. From the middle of 1838, Captain José M. Villavicencio served as ad- ministrator, though often called away by supposed military duties, and leaving the management of the estate to Carrillo, Castillo, and Perez. 13 Hartnell

in hides, tallow, etc., and $5,000 in coin. Guerra, Doc., MS., vi. 150. Dec., mission furnishes $1,000 for Híjar's colony. St. Pap., Mis., MS., vii. 77 8. 1835, July, inventory apparently incomplete, total value $41,714. The church is 40 x 6 varas, tile-roofed, board ceiling, brick floor, adobe walls, 3 doors, 7 windows with wooden bars; sacristy, 8 varas sq. with one door and window, worth $1,650; credits $5,736; buildings, $15,511 ; 32,000 vines worth $16,000; 1,600 fruit-trees, $2,400; library of 191 vol., $417. Id., vi. 22-3. 1836, amounts paid. $2,226 to Ignacio del Valle, P'. Cabot $1,003, P. Duran $1,018, P. Ibarra $500. Id., vii. 68-71. Supplies for troops, $2,159. Id., vi. 74-8. 1837, March, inventory of $153,639. Id., vii. 67. 1838, June, inven- tory of $156,915; credits $14,293, buildings, $56,785, house utensils, $601, goods in storehouse, $5,214, liquors, etc., $7,175, live-stock, $53,834; S. Francisco rancho, $1,925, grain, 8618, tannery, $544, carpenter shop, $127, blacksmith, $789, soap works, $512, mills, $200, tools, $3GS, tallow works, $2,540, church, $1,500, ornaments, etc., $1,348, library, 50 works,

debts, $1,689. Id., viii. 13-14. 1839, June 23, Hartnell's statement of prop- erty on hand 'for distrib. among Ind. or trade'? 8,547 head of live-stock (by another report of this date the live-stock on the different mission ranchos was 3,590 cattle, 2,044 horses, 2,887 sheep, 25 asses, 57 mules, and 47 hogs), 280 hides, 50 arrobas wool, 314 arr. iron and steel, 13 bbls. liquor. Id., vii. 8. Accounts; Sept. income $1,439, expend. $822; Nov., $2,687 and $1,789; Dec. $11,232 and $4,899. Pail to P. Ordaz this year $661. Hide and tallow acct income $48, expend. $290. Stock deliv. to Bandini Nov. Ist, $393. Due the mission Nov. Ist, $271; Dee. 11th, $805; supplies to govt from June 1838 to Dec. 11, 1839, 86,775; supplies to Sta B. company, $516; to others, $247. Mission debts Nov. 30th, $4,344. Id., vii. 8-15. 1840, inventory of property June 19th, 4,130 cattle, 2,637 horses, 2,500 sheep, 60 mules, 33 asses, 30 hogs; Dec. 31st, 2,270 cattle, 60 hogs, all the rest about the same as in June. Grain in June, 236 fanegas; in Dec., 1, 157 fanegas, worth $2,295. Ilides and leather in June, 121; in Dec., 59, worth $SS. Wool, June, 140 arr .; Dec., 15 arr., worth $22. Soap, June, $150; Dee., $190. Brandy and wine in Dee. 58 bbls., $2,300. Tallow and lard, Dec., SI arr., $119. Oil, 9 bbIs., $504. Iron, 180 arr., $720. Total value in Dee., not including live-stock, land, or buildings, $6,300. Receipts for 9 months of the year (June-Ang. lacking), $9,874; expeud., $11,069. Id., 8-15, 13-14; ix. 19-21.

13 Chronologie summary of S. Fernando events. 1831. Gov. Victoria hero on his march south against the rebels; also the bearing of Echeandia's secu- larization plan, never put in operation, on this mission. This vol. p. 205, 306. 1832-3. Nothing in the records. 1534. Antonio del Valle as comisio- nado takes charge of the mission estates by inventory from P'. Ibarra in Oet. This vol. p. 346. S. Fernando to be a parish of 2d class with salary of $1.000 under the reglamento of Nov. Id., 318. Slight controversy about the use of the salt fields. Id., 374. 1835. Valle was on May 25th appointed to he majordomo, or administrator, at $500 salary from June Ist. In July, Ind. complain that last year two boxes of money had been shipped away; there was now a box of silver, and they demanded that strict accounts should bo required from P'. Ibarra before his departure. Id., 353; St. Pap., Mis., MIS., xi. 3. Recommendation that a guard be placed at S. Francisco raucho to

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LOCAL ANNALS OF LOS ANGELES DISTRICT.

found all except the accounts in comparatively excel- lent condition on the occasion of his official visit in 1839; but matters were less satisfactory in the next year.

prevent cattle-stealing. Id., 2. In July the admin. reports that horses are being constantly stolen, and that Ind. who have taken refuge at the mission are the thieves. Dept. St. Pap., Ang., MS., i, 172.

1836. The death of Padre Cabot and the probable return of P. Ibarra are mentioned elsewhere in this chap. Valle remained in charge of the estab- lishment. In Dept. St. Pap., Ang., MS., ii. 23-9, is a records of the exploits of Rafael, or El Cuyuya, a locally famous robber, who was often arrested and as often escaped from the jail here and at Los Angeles and Sta Bárbara. All the power of the district seemed insufficient to keep him confined or to keep him separated from two of his favorite women, whom he always rescued from their imprisonment. 1837. In March Valle, who is highly praised by Duran and others, was succeeded by Anastasio Carrillo as majordomo. St. Pap., Mis., MS., vii. 67-S. In Jan. strange Ind., said to be aided by gente de razon, made a raid on the mission horses, some of which were recovered after two fights, in which several Ind. were killed and wounded. Dept. St. Pap., Ang., MS., ii. 97-8. Mission funds, $2,000, taken for ' safe keeping' by the Angeles authorities in their efforts to resist Alvarado in Jan. This vol. p. 404. Southern garrison under Rocha stationed here, but the mission is cap- tured by the northerners. Id., 495-501. In June Castro retires and Portilla for the south takes possession. Id., 521. 1838. The administration is given up in June by Carrillo to Capt. Jose M. Villavicencio. St. Pap., Miss., MS., viii. 13. Mission mares pledged to N. Mex. allies of the south for their aid. This vol., p. 555. Castro's force here in April. Id., 556. Alvarado and Carlos Carrillo at S. Fernando after the campaign of Las Flores. Id., 562-4. A permanent force to be stationed by Alvarado. Id., 569.

1839. Villavicencio still administrator and military commandant; but Francisco del Castillo seems to have been in charge temporarily during a part of this year or the preceding. On the division into prefectures, etc., S. Fer- nando was attached to the Sta Bárbara partido, the boundary being between the mission and Cahuenga. Id., 585. From June 16th to the 24th, Visitador Hartnell was at this mission, where he found 416 Ind., well contented except with the granting to Valle of the mission rancho of S. Francisco, which they claimed to need. The crops were good and there were no grasshoppers or rust. Valle had not yet moved his family to the rancho. The clerk, Mada- riaga, was discharged as unfit for the place. Villavicencio's and Castillo's accounts were found in a confused and unintelligible condition. Hartnell, Diario, MS., 1, 2, 13, 74-7; St. Pap., Miss., MS., xi. 29-30. 1840. Villavi- cencio seems still to have held the office, but to have been absent much of the time, leaving affairs in charge of Juan Perez, and later Anastasio Carrillo. Hartnell made his visit Ang. 20th, 22d, but nothing is recorded of his acts and the results, except that it was the governor's interference with his orders removing Perez in favor of Carrillo that caused the visitador to resign his position on Sept. 7th at Sta Bárbara. Hartnell, Diario, MS., 15-16, 21, 65. Nothing known of mission affairs this year except the statistics given in the preceding note.

CHAPTER XXIII.

LOCAL ANNALS OF SANTA BARBARA DISTRICT.

1831-1840.

GAIN IN POPULATION-PRESIDIAL ORGANIZATION-MILITARY ITEMS-SUM- MARY OF EVENTS-SANTA BÁRBARA IN THE POLITICAL CONTROVERSIES- CHICO AND DURAN-MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS-OFFICIAL LIST-SUB-PREFEC- TURE-GRANTS OF PRIVATE RANCHOS-SANTA BARBARA MISSION - STATISTICAL VIEW-ANNALS OF SECULARIZATION-SAN BUENAVENTURA -FATIIERS SUÑER, URÍA, AND FORTUNI-POPULATION, AGRICULTURE, AND LIVE-STOCK-MAJORDOMOS AND ADMINISTRATORS-SANTA INÉS- FATIIER ARROYO DE LA CUESTA-STATISTICS OF DECADENCE-A GAIN IN CATTLE -MODERATE PROSPERITY-LOCAL HAPPENINGS-LA PURÍSIMA CONCEPCION -SECULARIZATION-INVENTORIES.

THE population of Santa Barbara district, not in- cluding San Fernando, which was legally within its jurisdiction, increased from 630 in 1830 to about 900 in 1840, so far as the meagre and contradictory records afford a basis for estimate.1 During the same period the ex-neophyte Indian population decreased from 4,400 to 1,550, the latter number including 750 in town and on the ranchos, in addition to 800 still liv- ing in the ex-mission communities. Adding the totals of population for the three districts of San Diego, Los Angeles, and Santa Barbara, we find that in

1 July 1834, a pop. of over 1,000 is claimed for Sta Bárbara; and the April padron is said to have shown 940, probably including Ind. except neophytes, and perhaps exaggerated to secure an ayuntamiento. Leg. Rec., MS., ii. 58, 241, 243. The padron referred to is in St. Pap., Mis., MS., v. 45. Dec. 31, 1834, a padron which makes the pop. 792, including 414 adults, 378 children, 52 Ind., and 64 foreigners. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. P. y J., MS., vi. 1. An undated padron, possibly incomplete, shows a pop. of 614 souls in 'the port and inmediaciones.' Guerra, Doc., MS., i. 135. In June 1841 there were 262 men between the ages of 18 and 60 years. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. P. y J., MS., iv. 13. In July 1834 there were 9 Amer. married to natives, but not natural- ized. Id., Ben. Mil., Ixxix. 112-13.

( 649 )

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LOCAL ANNALS OF SANTA BÁRBARA DISTRICT.

Southern California the gente de razon had increased during the decade from 2,310 to 2,850; while the christianized Indians had decreased from 9,600 to 5,100, of which latter number only 2,250 were still living at the missions.

Here the military or presidial organization of early times was still kept up, and fragmentary records appear from time to time to remind us of the old Spanish forms, though never sufficiently complete to afford satisfactory information on any phase of the subject. I append the items such as they are.2 José

2 Sta Bárbara military items. 1831. Lieut Romualdo Pacheco, comman- dant; Alferez Rod. del Pliego; but the former was killed and the latter left C'al. this year. Pay-roll for the year $9,029; 44 men, 22 inválidos, 8 artillery. 8350 for relief of the troops from the Ayacucho, and loan from James Burke in Oct. and Dec. Dept. Rec., MS., ix. 50; Pinto, D.c., MS. i. 1832. Capt. José de la Guerra y Noriega, and also Lieut Juan M. Ibarra named as com- mandant. Dom. and Anast. Carrillo alféreces; 19 soldiers named; 3 officers, 35 men, 19 inválidos. Pay-roll for 5 months $4,999. 1833. Ibarra, coman- dante; capt., Guerra y Noriega; alférez, Domingo Carrillo; sub-comisario sub- alterno, Anastasio Carrillo. Pay-roll for the year $11,615; 3 officers, 32 men, 6 artill., 5 Mazatecos. In his account of Dec. 31st A. Carrillo charges him- self $6,710; credits $6,725. Net yield of post-office $51; stamped paper $27. Mission supplies for the year $2,270. The comisario at Mont. ordered in Jan. to send $2,000 for Sta B. Complaints of destitution. Sales of live- stock from rancho nacional $675. Some orders were issued by Gov. Figueroa at Guerra's request on the restocking of the rancho; tithe cattle to be used for this purpose. Guerra, Doc., MS., v. 177; Vallejo, Doc., MS., xxxi. 53; Dept. St. Pap., MS., iii. 91-2; Id., B. M., Ixxvi. 12.

1834. Ibarra comandante; Anast. Carrillo habilitado. 2 officers, 33 men, IS inválidos, 5 artillery, 5 Mazatecos. Pay-roll for the year, $10,671. May, 36 coats, hats, etc., and 72 shirts-probably showing the company to number 36 men-ordered to be distributed. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. C. & T., MS., iii. 32-3. April, com. calls on gov. for materials to repair soldiers' quarters, in a ruinous condition. Id., B. M., lxxix. 54. Efforts to obtain a loan of cattle from the missions for the rancho nacional. Arch. Arzob., MS., v. pt ii. 2. Mo- rinc .. u, Notice, 148, speaks of a field cultivated for the soldiers' support. 1835. Ibarra and Carrillo as before, the latter sometimes as acting comandante. 2 off., 31-4 men, 16 inval., sergeants Tomás Romero, Juan P. Ayala, and Isidoro Guillen. Pay-roll for 11 months $9,474. Deducted from pay for montepio and inválidos $348. Oct., aid asked for a capt. of artillery with a corporal and 4 men who go to Sta B. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. C. & T., MS., iii. 92. Ac- tual payments for year ending July Ist, $1,912, leaving due the comp. $7,373. Id., Ben. M., lxxxi. 2. Supplies from pueblo de los Berros, $1,03S. Id., Ben. P. y J., vi. 17. 1836. Ibarra com. of post; Lient Domingo Carrillo com. of the comp .; A. Carrillo habilitado. 3 off., 29-32 men, 16 inval., 6 artill., 9 Mazatecos, 2d alférez Pablo Pacheco. Pay-roll for 6 months $5.163; inváli- dos for the year, $1,560; deduction per month for montepio and inválidos, $29.

1837. José de la Guerra y Noriega, comandante. In Guerra, Doc., MS., i. 131-4, is a list of 116 men, among whom the 625 head of live-stock at S. Julian rancho should be distributed; but the list contains many names of men no longer in the company or at Sta B. The rancho had been granted by Alva-

631

MILITARY ITEMS.

de la Guerra y Noriega was nominally captain of the presidial company, sometimes acting as comandante, and continuously after 1837. Lieut Juan M. Ibarra of the Mazatlan company acted as comandante in 1833-6. Domingo and Anastasio Carrillo were the company alféreces down to 1836, when the former be- came lieutenant, and Pablo Pacheco second alférez. Later Roberto Pardo and José Lugo held these places, and Ignacio del Valle appears as habilitado. Down to 1836 the cavalry company numbered from 40 to 30 rank and file, with 20 to 15 inválidos, the pay-rolls varying from $1,000 to $600 per month, and there being generally half a dozen artillerymen and as many Mazatecos in the force. In later years the nominal force was about half as large, but in both periods more than half the men were not actually serving as soldiers; and rarely was there any need of their services. The district was quietly prosperous, but the appended résumé of events is hardly more than an index of what has been recorded in other

rado to Guerra y Noriega. Ingress for the year, $3,529; paid out to troops $3,238; effects in store May, $308. June 10th, José Ign. Lugo represents that he was retired from mil. service 30 years ago at $8 per month; but has never received a cent. Owes $350 and wants it paid on acct. Gov. replies that he must present his acct to the comisaria 'when established'! Dept. St. Pap., Ben. Mil., 1xxx. 81-2.

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History of California, Volume III, Part 70

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe Publication date: 1885-1890 Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers Number of Pages: 824

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 824