USA > Ohio > Hamilton County > Madisonville > Indian Village Site and Cemetery Near Madisonville, Ohio > Part 11
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SHAPE
U-shaped
Parabolic
Hyperbolic
Elliptical
Total
Males: number .. .
7
20
2
4
33
per cent. .
21.21
60.60
6.06
12.12
Females: number
3
14
2
1
20
¥
per cent
15.0
70.0
10.0
5.0
-
The distribution of palate form is shown in the table above. It agrees very closely with Fuller's figures for Tennessee Stone Grave crania, in which of 70 observations on male crania, 65.71 per cent were parabolic and hyperbolic, as against 66.66 per cent in our series; 22.85 per cent of Tennessee Stone Grave males had U- shaped palates, and 21.21 per cent of Madisonville males; 11.42 per cent of Tennessee crania and 12.12 per cent of Madisonville crania had elliptical palates. In the case of females the comparison shows almost as striking a similarity, for of 45 female crania examined in the Tennessee Stone Grave series, 68.88 per cent were parabolic and hyperbolic, 15.55 U-shaped, and 15.55 elliptical.
The roof of the palate was observed to be high in 9 of the male crania of our series, or 27.27 per cent, as against 26.37 per cent of the Tennessee Stone Grave series observed by Fuller. In female crania from Madisonville, 2 of 20, or 10 per cent, had high roofs, as against 22.38 per cent of the Tennessee series.
A slight development of the palatine torus occurred in 4 male crania of our series or 12.12 per cent, and in 4 of the female crania or 20 per cent. Fuller estimated the occurrence of the palatine torus in Tennessee Stone Grave males at 15 per cent, and in females at 10 per cent. There is little doubt that the shortness of our female series has fortuitously increased beyond normal the occurrence of this feature.
Skull Base.
STYLOIDS
Absent
Submedium
Medium
Large
Very large
Total
Males: number. .
1
14
19
13
3
50
per cent .. .
2.0
28.0
38.0
26.0
6.0
Females: number.
2
19
5
3
0
29
per cent
6.9
65.3
17.2
10.3 0
111
NEAR MADISONVILLE, OHIO
The styloid processes are frequently broken off short, but it is usually possible to judge their development by the stumps.
GLENOID FOSSA -DEPTH
Submedium
Medium
Deep
Very deep
Total
Males: number.
1
26
24
3
54
per cent.
1.85
48.14
44.44
5.55
Females: number. . .
2
19
8
1
30
per cent. . 6.66
63.33
26.66
3.33
The table above shows that the series is characterized as a whole by the prevalence of glenoid fossae of medium or greater depth. Females exhibit fewer instances of the latter.
POSTGLENOID PROCESS
Submedium
Medium
Large
Very large
Total
Males: number
6
6
5
0
17
per cent.
29.62
Females: number.
1
0
2
0
3
per cent.
10.0
The postglenoid process is not usually to be observed in this series. It occurs much more frequently in male crania than in female crania.
FORAMEN LACERUM MEDIUM
Small
Medium
Large
Total
Males: number
24
19
1
44
per cent.
54.52
43.15
2.27
Females: number
18
9
0
27
per cent.
66.6
33.3
0
DEPRESSION OF PETROUS PARTS OF TEMPORAL BONES
Absent
Slight
Medium
Pronounced
Total
Males: number
2
13
23
6
44
per cent
4.54
29.51
52.25
3.62
Females: number
2
15
10
0
27
per cent
7.4
55.5
37.0
0
In large-brained races the lacerate foramina are usually large and the petrous portions of the temporal bones are depressed well below the level of the basilar process of the occipital bone. A well- developed brain pushes the basilar process outward beyond the level of the rigid petrous parts. An analysis of the above table shows that our Madisonville crania do not exhibit high develop- ment in these characters.
112 INDIAN VILLAGE SITE AND CEMETERY
FORAMEN LACERUM POSTERIOR
Small
Medium
Large
Right larger
Left larger
Equal
Total
Males: number
9
30
3
17
7
18
42
per cent
21.42
71.40
7.14
40.46
16.66
42.84
Females: number 10
19
1
8
3
14
25
per cent 20.0
76.0
4.0
32.0
12.0
56.0
Where there is a difference in the size of the two posterior lacer- ate foramina, the right foramen is usually the larger, as may be seen from the above tabulations. Fuller states that the right fora- men is usually much larger in Tennessee Stone Grave crania.
POST-CONDYLOID FORAMINA
Absent
Small
Medium
Large
Right only
Left only
Total
Males: number .. 2
5 28
1
3
1 40
4
per cent. . .
5.0
12.5
70.0
2.5
7.5
2.5
Females: number .. 0
0
18
4
4
0
26
$
per cent. 0
0
78.24
4.34
17.38 0
PARA-MASTOID PROCESSES. These were observed in 3 male and 2 female crania.
SHAPE OF FORAMEN MAGNUM
Irregular
Oval Half diamond Round Diamond Hexagon
Total
Males: number 4
20
8
6
2
0 40
per cent 10.0
50.0
20.0
15.0
5.0
0
Females: number 2 8
8
4
2
2
26
4 per cent 7.69
30.76
30.76
15.38
7.69
7.69
There is considerable variation in the shape of the foramen magnum. In the males the oval form predominates. In the table above " half diamond " means that the anterior half of the fora- men is shaped like two sides of an equilateral triangle, while the posterior half is semi-circular or semi-oval.
PTERYGO-SPINOUS FORAMINA
Indicated
Right
Left
Both
Total
Right
Complete Left
Both
Total
Males: number .. . . 3
3
1
4
8
1
3
1
5
per cent.
17.0
10.63
Females: number .. 1
3
1
5
1
1
1
3
per cent .
20.0
12.0
Pterygo-spinous foramina, complete or indicated to have been completed by a fibrous bridge, are relatively common in this series.
113
NEAR MADISONVILLE, OHIO
Fuller seems to have found a higher frequency of occurrence in his Tennessee series, for he reports the foramen, or indications of it, on one or both sides in 45.71 per cent of males, and 47.54 per cent of females.
DEHISCENCES IN THE FLOOR OF THE AUDITORY MEATUS
Right
Left
Both
Total
Males: number
2
3
4
9
A per cent
20.0
Females: number
3
2
4
9
per cent.
33.33
Defects in the floor of the auditory meatus are common in the Crania of American Indians. Fuller found them in 14 per cent of 1 4 4 Tennessee Stone Grave crania; Dr. Hrdlčika found them in 14 Per cent of crania from Arkansas, and in 29 per cent of crania from Louisiana. Both of these authors also found them to occur much core commonly in the crania of females.
Mandible. Mandibles were associated with the skulls in the case f 29 males and 12 females. The more important observations on these are tabulated below.
SIZE
Submedium
Medium
Large
Very large
Total
Males: number
7
13
7
2
29
per cent.
24.1
44.8
24.1
6.90
Females: number.
2
9
1
0
12
per cent.
16.6
75.0
8.3
0
MENTAL PROMINENCE
Neutral
Submedium
Medium
Large
Very large
Total
Males: number ..
1
8
15
5
0
29
per cent ..
3.4
27.6
51.7
17.2
0
Females: number
2
5
5
0
0
12
per cent 16.6
41.6
41.6
0
0
MYLO-HYOID RIDGE
Submedium
Medium
Prononuced Very pronounced Total
Males: number ..
11
17
1
0
29
per cent.
37.9
58.6
3.4
0
Females: number .. .
7
5
0
0
12
per cent. .
58.3
41.6
0
0
114 INDIAN VILLAGE SITE AND CEMETERY
GENIAL TUBERCLES
Absent
Submedium
Medium
Large
Very large
Total
Males: number. . ..
1
16
10
1
1
29
per cent ....
3.4
55.2
34.5
3.4
3.4
Females: number. . 0
9
3
0
0
12
per cent .. 0
75.0
25.0
0
0
From the above tables it may be seen that the characteristic mandible is of medium size with a medium development of the mental prominence and a medium or submedium development of the mylo-hyoid ridge. The genial tubercles are poorly developed.
Pathological Features. In the following discussion alveolar abscesses and dental caries have not been considered, as these pathological features have already been dealt with above.
LESIONS PROBABLY OF TRAUMATIC ORIGIN
Depressed scars Linear fractures
Miscellaneous
Males: number 9 4
2
4
Females: number
0
0
About 22 per cent of the male crania in our series show lesions that are probably due to wounds. Most common are depressed scars on various portions of the cranial vault. No. 57512 has an old perforated lesion on the left parietal near bregma, oval in shape, and 9 mm. in its longest diameter. The tip of a small flint arrowpoint is also embedded in the outer table of the left parietal, 27 mm. behind the coronal suture and 42 mm. from bregma. No. 35529 has a large depressed fracture on the right parietal, 2 cm. in diameter.
No. 35527 also has an arrowpoint embedded in the occiput. No. 57056 has a healed linear fracture of the occipital bone extend- ing from opisthion to lambda. No. 25126 has a linear fracture of the left parietal extending diagonally from lambda to a point 3 cm. behind the coronal suture. Near the middle of this fracture and extending over an oval area for a distance of 45 mm. in its long axis is an irregular cicatrized scar with a maximum breadth of 35 mm. This is the area of impact of the blow which was apparently de- livered with some blunt weapon.
No. 58733 presents a cut in the right supra-orbital ridge and a fracture of the left zygomatic arch. No. 58058 has a healed fracture of the right horizontal ramus of the mandible.
PEABODY MUSEUM PAPERS
VOL. VIII, PLATE 29
- -
1
1
2.6.594
MADISONVILLE SITE Male cranium, intermediate type
Norma lateralis Norma verticalis
Norma facialis Norma occipitalis
115
NEAR MADISONVILLE, OHIO
Langdon found eleven cases of fracture in 141 Madisonville crania examined by him, and one skull with the fragment of a small flint arrowpoint imbedded in the occiput.
Arthritic conditions were observed about the occipital or man- dibular condyles or in the glenoid fossae of three male crania and One female cranium. In addition to this two male crania presented ankylosis of the atlas to the occiput, probably of arthritic origin. Langdon found this condition in 3 of 141 Madisonville crania ex- amined by him.
Three female crania presented slight exostoes of doubtful origin in various regions. No. 25128, the skull of a female, presented evi- dence of an abscess in the left ear, which had involved extensive ab- sorption of the bony tissue and a perforation of the tympanic plate.
No. 35528 presented a small bony protuberance on the left parietal near bregma corresponding to a deep circular impression internally, circular in shape and about 5 mm. in diameter, connected with the groove for the meningeal artery, which was unusually large and deep.
Summary of Measurements and Observations upon the Crania. A slight degree of unintentional occipital deformation is very com- mon in the Madisonville series, but this is pronounced in a few cases only. Apparently it has affected brachycephalic crania much more than dolichocephalic crania, and probably no crania have been changed from the dolichocephalic class to the brachycephalic class through his agency. No frontal deformation occurs.
About three-fourths of the crania are brachycephalic (plates 25, 26), and the remainder are mesocephalic (plates 27, 28, 29), with the exception of two, which are dolichocephalic. Three-fourths or more are hypsicephalic and the rest orthocephalic. The breadth- height index is medium in about half of the series and low in the majority of the remainder. The cranial capacity is well up to the average for Indians. The skull walls are not extraordinarily thick. The forehead is a little narrower than average for Indians.
The faces are broad and quite short; the majority being eury- prosopic and the rest mesoprosopic. The orbits are variable, but the majority are chamaeconch or microseme. The nose is short and broad, and platyrrhine indices are in the majority. There is some alveolar prognathism but practically no facial prognathism. The palate is brachyuranic and the lower jaw is short and broad.
116
MEASUREMENTS OF CRANIA FROM THE
Catalogue No.
Sex
Age
Deformation
Length
Breadth
Height
Cranial Index
Height-Length
Height-Breadth
Menton-Nasion
Alveon-Nasion
Diam. Bisygomatic
Facial Index, total (ª× 100)
Facial Indez, upper
(b x100)
Basion-Alvoon (=)'
18205
mid.
180
145
138
80.56
76.67
95.17
?
74
145
51.03 ?
101
18207
y. ad.
176
151
?
85.80
?
?
?
71
?
?
25123
y. ad.
Bl. Oc.
177
152
139
85,88
78.53
91.45
?
69
(143)
?
(48.25)
25124
y. ad.
sl. 00.
173
152
126
87.86
72.83
82.89
107
67
(141)
75.89
(47.51)| ?
?
25130
y. ad. sl. 00.
177
150
139
84.75
78.53
92.67
124
78
148
83.78
52.70
105
25131
y. ad.
177
141
138
79.66
77.97
97.87
115
71
137
83.94
51.82
102
25132
mid.
mid.
184
146
140
79.35
76.09
95.89
?
?
?
?
?
?
26599
old
sl. oc.
173
142
140
82.08
80.92
98.59
?
?
?
?
?
?
26605
y. ad.
sl. oc.
178
138
?
77.53
?
?
117
70
139
84.17
50.36 ?
26609
y. ad.
al. oc.
164
137
134
83.54
81.71
97.81
?
?
?
?
?
102
26988
y. ad.
81. 00.
161
144
129
89.44
80.12
114
70
136
83.82
42.16
101
28294
y. ad.
sl. oc.
176
147
?
83.52
?
?
?
?
?
? 49.66
99
35525
y. ad.
182
137
138
75.27
75.82
100.73
?
70
135
?
51.85
102
35526
y. ad.
sl. oc.
177
149
135
84.18
76.27
90.60
?
74
143
?
51.74 ;
?
35527
mid.
sl. oc.
179
150
143
83.80
79.89
95.33
?
?
?
?
?
?
35528
y. ad.
sl. oc.
167
147
?
88.02
?
? 97.83
?
70
?
?
?
104
57504
y. ad.
Bl. Oc.
169
(156)
?
(92.31)
?
?
109
66
?
?
? ?
57506
y. ad.
sl. oc.
174
140
132
80.46 ; 75.86
94.29 ?
116
73
? (137)
? 84.67
53.28
100
57579
y. ad.
sl. 00.
173
153
137
88.44
79.19
89.54
?
67
(143) ?
?
?
?
57625
mid.
Bl. oc.
169
148
?
87.57
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
57636
|mid.
sl. oc.
188
(144)
138
(76.60)
73.40
(95.83)
?
?
?
?
?
?
57555
y. ad.
181
145
138
80.11
76.24
95.17
?
?
?
?
?
..
58533
y. ad.
sl. oc.
180
149
131
82.78
87.92
?
(69)
?
?
?
101
58542
mid.
173
143
?
82.66
109
70
(136) (80.15)
(51.47) ?
58540
y. ad.
sl. oc.
181
138
131
76.24
72.38
94.93
?
?
?
?
?
?
58058
old
sl. oc.
187
146
136
78.07
72.73
93.15
120
72
(145) (82.76)
49.65
104
57597
mid.
al. oc.
185
155
147
83.78
79.46
94.84
?
81
?
?
?
105
57568
mid.
med. oc.
176
156
134
(88.64) 76.14
85.90
114
(69)
?
?
?
57646
old
y. ad.
pron. oc.
(173)
154
?
(89.02)
?
?
?
?
?
?
? ?
58541
mid.
sl. oc.
172
141
139
81.98
80.81
98.58
?
79
141
?
56.02
1
58539
y. ad.
al. oc.
195
160
143
82.05
73.33
89.38
125
76
139
89.93
54.67
1
58538
mid.
( sl. oc.
(184) (141) (139) (76.63) (75.54) (98.58),
?
69
?
?
?
98 1
58534
mid.
sl. oc.
176
144
138
81.82
78.41
95.83
?
74
136
?
54.41
91
1
58023
old
179
153
140
85.47
78.21 . 91.50
(73)
(138)
?
(52.89)
(96):(1
26627
y. ad.
Bl. oc.
173
(154)
134
(89.02)
77.46
(87.01)
120
72
(140)
(85.71)
51.42
-
35524
mid.
sl. oc.
182
140
141
76.92
77.47
100.71
122
74
149
81.89
?
?
?
57502
y. ad.
sl. oc.
176
138
135
78.41
76.70
(78.53) (95.21)
121
74
?
?
?
?
46.85
99 105 ?
57507
3
y. ad.
182
148
137
81.32
75.27
92.57
?
?
57519
y. ad.
Bl. oc.
179
145
139
81.01
77.65
95.86
?
?
?
?
?
26593
old
pron. oc.
(178)
|(147)
(141)
(82.58): 79.21
95,92
?
?
?
?
25126
y. ad.
177
138
139
77.97
78.53
100.72
?
(117)
(70)
140
83.57
(50.00) ?
pron. 1. oc. (163) (148)
?
(90.80);
?
?
89.58 ?
?
?
57567
y. ad.
?
?
?
?
?
57608
y. ad.
pron. r. oc. (177)
(146)
133
?
75.14
?
?
?
?
?
?
57647
98 96
lat. p. m.
177
(139) (82.49)
72.78 ?
?
?
?
?
Height (a)
Height (b)
maxim. (c)
Index
Index
?
?
100
26587
Y
CEMETERY NEAR MADISONVILLE, OHIO
.
Diam. Frontal
Diam. Bigonial
Angle of Lower
Jaw, mean
Height of
Symphysis
R.
L.
R.
L.
Orbital Index, mean
Nose Height
Nose Breadth
Nasal Index
Palate, External
Palate, External
Breadth, maxim. (b)
Circumference, maxim.
Arc, Nasion-Opisthion
(Hrdlička's Method)
Thickness of loft
Parietal above T. P. guture
17
92
?
?
?
33 32.5
43 42
77.06
55
28
54
120.37
513
357
1480
6
101
?
?
?
?
?
50
23 27
50.91 46.00 54.00
54
116.67
(523)
?
?
4
4
94
106
116.5
32
34
35
40
40
86.25
(54)
29
(53.70)
56
64
114.29 ?
512
355
1420
7
3
?
105
134
43
32
33
42
76.19
49
?
?
59
67
115.63 114.29 113.56
510 497
356 ?
(1295)
6
100
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
530
379
95
108
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
(487)
(365)
6
93
117
107
36
34
35
41
39
86.34
48
27 56.25
56
64
114.29
503
359 334 ?
335
1270
7
98
108
130
29
?
?
?
?
?
?
28
52.83
55
71
129.09 113.11
510
370
1460 1465
6
95
?
?
34 36
41
40
86.44 54.5
25
45.87
52
62
119.23
526
358
368
1550 ?
7 5
100 103
108
126
32
34
34
43
42
80.01
48
26
54
65
? 118.97 120.37 ? 114.81 117.54 106.67
?
?
4
4
,
?
?
?
36
36
41 41
87.80
57
26
45.61
54
62
67
64
?
?
?
?
517
362
1440
6
97
?
?
?
?
?
?
7
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? 375
?
4
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
369
6
8
91
?
136
37
33
35
41
39
85.11
51
26 28
50.98 52.83
55 52
65 58
118.18 111.54
516 508
? 363
3 6
5
99
110
148
39
31
29.5
45
45
67.27
52
32
61.54
?
?
523
372
1420
5
1
97
?
?
?
36
?
46
?
78.26
57
(30)
(52.63)
58
72
124.14
528
368
1595
7
6
95
?
?
?
35
35
41 41
85.37
53
28
52.83
?
?
?
502
365
(1440)
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? 503
96
100
121
37
35.5 35.541.5 41.5 85.54
54
24
44.44
55
(65) (118.18)
517
365 362
(1600)
3
93
?
?
?
?
40
87.50
52
29
?
?
? 503
368 370
1410
8
96
97
131
35 36
44 43
88.32 81.64
55
28
?
?
522
372
1365
14
0
94
105
116.5
37
31 33
46
40
74.95
54
80.39
51.5
29
53.70 56.31
64 56
64
?
?
512
345
?
4
91
?
?
98
?
?
37
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
93
103
127
35
31.5 31.542.5 42.5 74.12
4
0
93
95
115
32
33
33
40
41
81:50
52
27
51.92 ?
99
106
122
39
34.5 35
42
42
40
40
92.50
49
23
46.94
61
69
88
?
?
?
35
36
?
41
87.80
52
23
44.23
53
62
116.98
518
91
?
?
?
?
? 39
39
82.05
51
26
58
? 69
?
?
508
? 353
1330 8
?
5 5
8
97
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
53
91
91
126
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
505
95
108
130
32
?
34
41.5 81.93
?
?
?
?
?
525
358
(1505)
6 ?
) 1
93
?
?
?
34 34
40
40
85.00
56
26
46.43
60
69
115.00
1405
6 4
)
87
103
126
37
39 38
53
27
51
62
121.57
361
9
98
98
124
30
40
40
40
39
101.28
?
?
?
D
?
?
?
?
32 32
31
31
42
41
76.51
48
27 30
50.94 62.50
57 60
99 95
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? ?
?
96
98
127
32
32
41 43
76.23
53
?
?
37 ? 9000
?
?
?
?
?
27 50.47
65
116.07 121.05 ?
519
375
5
96
?
?
?
37
37
40
40
82.50
50
1630
6
96
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? 29
?
52
64
123.08
525 509 506
? 368
(1340)
?
94 98
34
34 33.5
43
41
?
?
?
?
?
5
482
?
485
519
5
--
91
101
130
32
33
33
Orbits - Height,
Orbits - Breadth,
right, left
right, left
minim.
Length (1)
Palatal Index
(b x100)
(above ridges)
Capacity
1350
(1375) (1265)
4
3
53.5
56 57 ?
?
505
348
-
?
?
?
510
518 520
349
368
1370
?
?
1395 1380 ? ?
82.74
53
?
?
? 50.98 54.17
?
?
(1610) 1500
4
74
?
?
? 1405
(1340)
379
(1520)
4
35 34 34
55.77 50.94 50.91
117
maxim.
65 63
32
?
118
MEASUREMENTS OF CRANIA FROM THE
Catalogue No.
Sex
Age
Deformation
Length
Breadth
Height
Cranial Index
Height-Length
Height-Breadth
Menton-Nasion
Alveon-Nasion
Diam. Bizygomatic
Facial Index, total
Facial Inder, upper
(b x 100)
Basion-Alveon (=)
59724
mid.
183
146
134
79.78
73.22
91.78
121 120
74 (72)
147 140
82.31 85.71 ?
50.34
100
1
59729
mid.
sl. oc.
175
150
135
85.71
77.14
90.00
59731
mid.
sl. oc.
175
142
135
81.14
77.14
95.07
?
112 121
75
136
88.97
55.14
102
1
59735
mid.
sl. oc.
180
148
136
82.22
75.56
91.89
131
(79)
149
?
48.99
98
1
57512
y. ad.
8l. oc.
180
152
139
84.44
77.22
90.32 91.45
121
(144) (84.03) (50.69)
104
18206 25125
y. ad.
167
133
130
78.70
76.92
97.74
?
64
?
?
?
100
171
138
127
80.70
74.27
92.03
?
?
126
?
?
25127
9
mid.
sl. oc.
(171)
(150)
(141)
(87.72)
(82.46)
(94.00)
?
?
?
?
?
?
25128
y. ad.
sl. oc.
161
142
134
88.20
83.23
94.37
?
?
?
?
?
50.38
93
25134
med.
sl. oc.
169
145
128
85.80
75.74
88.28
?
72
136
?
52.94
102
25135
y. and.
171
142
134
83.04
78.36
94.37
?
69
?
?
?
97
25136
y. ad.
sl. oc.
167
141
135
84.43
80.84
95.74
?
63
128
?
49.22
94
25137
y. ad.
166
139
137
83.73
82.53
98.56
7
?
?
?
?
26591
y. ad. sl. oc.
169
144
132
85.21
78.11
91.67
105
62
?
?
?
100
26597 9
y. ad.
sl. p. m.
175
140
124
80.00
70.86
88.57
?
67
?
?
?
(104)
26621
y. ad.
sl. oc.
174
145
133
83.33
76.44
91.72
113
68
136
83.09
50.00
101
26601
mid.
Bl. oc.
169
145
125
85.80
73.96
86.21
?
?
?
?
?
?
26626
y. ad.
sl. oc.
166
144
124
86.75
74.70
86.11
104
64
126
82.54
50.79
(102)
26628
mid.
sl. oc.
177
139
?
78.53
?
?
?
63
130
?
48.46
?
57505
y. ad.
sl. oc
167
139
132
83.23
79.04
94.96
?
61
(133)
?
48.12
96
58536
y. ad. sl. oc.
179
126
127
70.39
70.95
100.79
?
?
?
?
?
?
58532
y. ad.
sl. oc.
175
140
135
80.00
77.14
96.43
113
69
134
84.33
51.49
104
57514
y. ad.
med. oc.
161
149
?
(92,55)
?
?
?
?
?
2
?
?
57620
y. ad.
sl. oc.
170
145
134
85.29
78.82
92.41
?
?
?
?
?
?
57544
mid.
med. oc.
171
144
134
84.21
78.36
93.06
?
63
(129)
?
(48.84)
94
57558
y. ad.
sl. oc.
169
136
129
80.47
76.33
94.85
?
69
?
?
?
99
58049 9
old
sl. oc.
167
148
139
88.62
83.23
93.92
?
?
?
?
?
?
58009
y. ad.
sl. oc.
163
138
132
84.66
80.98
95.65
115
69
(132)
(87.12)
52.27
103
58025
mid.
pron. oc.
(165)
(146)
(138)
(88.48)
(83.64)
(94.52)
?
?
?
?
?
59723
y. ad.
179
138
127
77.09
70.95
92.03
109
70
125
87.20
56.00
98
59730
old
sl. oc.
168
148
132
88.10
78.57
89.19
?
?
?
?
?
?
57645
9
y. ad.
sl. oc.
164
143
129
87.20
78.66
90.21
113
67
(138)
81.88
(48.55) 103
1
59732
y. ad.
184
137
136
74.46
73.91
99.27
67
(132)
84.85
50.76
103
59733
y. ad.
179
138
131
77.09
73.18
94.93
26990
y. ad.
sl. oc.
189
155
140
82.01
74.07
9
y. ad.
Bl. oc.
161
141
124
87.58
77.02
87.94
?
67
133
?
45.86
96
57559
y. ad.
pron. oc.
(167)
(142)
(129)
(85.03)
(77.25)
(90.85)
?
64
133
9
Key to abbreviations.
Age: y. ad. = young adult; mid. = middle aged; old = past middle age.
Deformation: sl. = slight; med. = medium; pron. = pronounced; oc. = occipital; r. = right; 1. - left; p. = post-mortem.
Figures in parentheses indicate that the measurement is approximate, either because of deformation or becs the parts are broken.
1
?
73 73
Height (@)
Height (b)
maxim. (c)
a X 100
51.42 (102)
1
?
?
?
(150) (87.33) (52.40)
108
y. ad.
med. p. m.
25133
9
Inder
Index
119
CEMETERY NEAR MADISONVILLE, OHIO (CONTINUED)
Diam. Frontal minim.
Diam. Bigonial
Angle of Lower
Jaw, mean.
Height of
Symphysis
R.
L.
R.
L.
Orbital Inder, mean
Nose Height
Nose Breadth
Nasal Index
Palate, External
Palate, External
Breadth, maxim. (b)
Circumference, maxim.
Are, Nasion-Opisthion
(Hrdlička's method)
Thickness of left
Parietal above T. P. Suture
92
109
38
36 34
40.5 40.5 81.48
53
27 28
50.94 50.91
57 54
71 62
124 56 114.81
525
369 351
1580
4
95
105
(30)
35 36.538.5 39
?
?
?
?
44 44
48
27
56.25
54
65 68
120.37 115.25
510 502
345 368 352
1290
6
94
106
117
38
35 37
44 43
82.80
58
27.5
47.41
(59) (70) (118.64)
514
348
1375
?
100
2
?
?
35 34
42 42
84.52
50
27.5
55.00 47.27
58
69 67
123.21 115.52
537
379
1570
7
93
101
119
37
34 34
44 43
78.17
55
26
25 26
53.19 52.00
54
62
114.81 (136.96)
486
1220
6
92 92
?
?
?
33 33.5
39 39
47
85.26 82.57
50
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
7
93
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
485
?
6
3
?
2
?
33 34
38 38
88.16
27
56.25
51
67
131.37
481
328
1180
5
3
96
2
?
?
32 32
41 41
78.05 49.5
27
54.55
58
65
112.07
507
?
? 1325
6
89
?
?
?
35 34.5
39 38
90.27
52
26
50.00
52
61
117.31
498
342
1220
7
93
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
489
340
1320 6
85
?
?
?
32
33
40
39
82.31
48
26 27
54.17
51
64
125.49 (115.38)
505
(348)
?
6
2
96
125
34
33 33.5
41 40
82.12 ?
48 ?
28 ?
56.25 58.33 ?
(52) 53 ?
60 ?
113.21 ?
502
348
? (1230)
6
97
?
?
?
34
34
38.5 39
87.74
48
30
62.50
51
62
121.57
508
?
(1360)
6
96
?
?
?
32
32
39 39
82.05 46.5
29
62.37
49
61
124.49
492
350
1350
7
5
92
?
?
?
32 32
41 39
80.05
49
28.5
58.16
53
64
120.75
462
340
1355
5
89
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
494
349
1150
5
5
99
112
123
36
32 31
39 38.5 81.29
48
26
54.17
61
66
108.20
515
350
1340
6
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
2
95
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
2
?
?
?
?
?
6
5
91
?
?
2
33.5 34.5
40 40.5 84.46
49 52
26 26
53.06 50.00
55
(60) (117.65) 118.18 65
486
330
1205
6
99
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
511
365
(1365) (1175)
4
90
?
?
?
7
2
?
?
?
?
2
?
?
?
491
354
(1250)
7
4
90
89
125
29
33.5 33.5
41 38.5 84.36
54
25
46.30
53
58 ?
?
498
345
(1375)
?
04
93
127
33
32 33
40 40
81.25
48
30
51.02 62.50
56
67
119.64
483
335
1240
6
96
100
123
35
36
34 33
44 43
83.45 77.00 55
29
52.73
59
?
?
502
1295
6
90
7
?
?
Orbits - Height,
Orbits - Breadth,
right, left
92.25
55 ?
?
?
?
(46)
63
489
345 348
1340
4
103
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
85.06 41.5
28.5
68.67
50
(58) (116.00)
487
339 344
(512) ?
?
5
99
?
?
32
?
?
7
40 41
79.00
48
26
54.17
(52)
(58) (111.54)
462
?
6
86
93
127
30
31 33
32 31.5
?
44
71.59
48
95
105
?
32
33.5 32
39
38
5
89
?
?
?
?
33 33
40
40
82.50
88.31
51
26
50.98
54
66
121.29
475
?
350
1350
5
90
129
31
?
31
?
38
81.58
49
25
?
109.43
506
354
1380
5
2
90
?
85
96
129
35 34.5 33.5
39 38
7
-----
91
99
130
2
?
31.5 32.538.5 39
368
1585
7
?
132 123
521
Palatal Inder
(6 X 100)
(above ridges)
Capacity
1485
6
36 37
1425
?
7
1300 5
96
(51)
501
500
7 (338)
48
97
60
Length (1)
maxim.
56
518
104 98
right, left
120
INDIAN VILLAGE SITE AND CEMETERY
The frontal region is medium or low in height, medium or narrow in breadth, and medium or receding as to slope, except in females, who exhibit more instances of bulging frontals.
The sagittal region is medium or broad with little development of the median sagittal elevation. Temporal and occipital regions are variable, as is natural in a mixed group. In about two- thirds of cases the sutures are simple in serration, and in the rest medium. Obliteration usually begins in the sagittal suture and the pterions are almost invariably of the broad H form. Sutural bones are very common.
Parietal foramina are few and small; retromastoid foramina ex- ceedingly variable. The mastoid processes are usually rather small or medium in males; in females they are often rather large for the sex.
Brow ridges are not unusually large except in a few cases. Fre- quently they are submedium in development, even in males. Orbits are usually low and oblong in shape with rounded corners. The nasion depression in both sexes is poorly marked, often en- tirely absent. The nasal bridge is variable in breadth and height, but medium in about half of all cases. Convex and concavo- convex forms are most common. The nasal spine is usually poorly developed and the lower borders are frequently indistinct. On the other hand subnasal grooves or fossae are uncommon.
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