USA > New York > A gazetteer of the state of New York: comprising its topography, geology, mineral resources, civil divisions, canals, railroads and public institutions; together with general statistics; the whole alphabetically arranged. Also statistical tables of distances with a new township map of the state > Part 10
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BATAVIA, t. Genesee co. con- tains the county buildings, situated in the village of the same name, and is distant 244 miles from Al- bany; it contained in 1840, 4,219 inhabitants. The surface is level; soil sandy and calcareous loam of a good quality. The Tonawanda creek flows through the town in its circuitous route towards the west.
BATAVIA, V. and p. o. Batavia, Genesee co. is pleasantly situated on a plain, through which flows the Tonawanda creek, 283 miles west of the city of Albany, by railroad. It was incorporated in 1823, and now contains about 2,000 inhabi- tants, 300 dwelling houses, a court house, jail and county clerk's of- fice, a state arsenal, the general land office of the Holland Land Company; 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- copal, 2 Baptist and 1 Methodist church; a female seminary, in a flourishing condition; 2 banking houses; 7 hotels and taverns; 30 BATH, v. Greenbush, Rensse- laer co. is situated on the east side of the Hudson river, opposite the north part of the city of Albany, with which it is connected by a ferry ; it contains about 125 inha- bitants, 20 dwelling houses, 1 ta- vern, 1 store and 1 tannery. Near this place is located a sulphur spring of some celebrity. stores, shops and groceries; 1 flour- ing mill, 2 furnaces, 1 tannery and 3 printing offices ; besides seve- ral other kind of mechanics' shops. The Tonawanda Railroad, which now extends a distance of 32 miles from Rochester, terminates at this place; a continuous railroad will no doubt soon be constructed from this point to Buffalo, a distance BATH HOUSE, New-Utrecht, Kings co. is situated on the west in a straight line of 35 miles. There now being a continuous rail- end of Long Island, facing the
76
BATTEN KILL-BEDFORD.
lower bay of New-York, distant 10 miles south of the city. This is a convenient and fashionable place of resort during the summer' months, for those wishing to enjoy the luxuries of bathing, and the pure sea breeze ; which can here be enjoyed in great perfection. Here is a well kept house, called the " Bath House," besides seve- ral others of less note in the vi- cinity. Stages during warm wea- ther, run several times daily be- tween this place and Brooklyn.
BATTEN KILL, a good mill stream, that rises in Vermont and flows westerly through Washing- ton county, into the Hudson river, 1} miles below Fort Miller bridge.
BATTENVILLE, V. and p. o. Greenwich, Washington co. is situ- ated on Batten kill; it contains about 350 inhabitants, 50 dwelling houses, 1 Dutch Reformed church; 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 cotton factory, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and a car- riage manufactory.
BEACON HILL, commonly cal- led the Old Beacon, one of the highest of the Highlands of the Hudson, is situated near the sou- thern boundary of the town of Fishkill ; it rises close on the bor- ders of the Hudson, above which its summit is elevated 1,471 feet.
BEACON, NEW, or Grand Sa- chem, an adjoining hill, half a mile south, the highest point of the Highlands or Matteawan moun- tains, is elevated 1,685 ft. above the tide waters of the Hudson. From the summit of this mountain, the river may be seen from West Point to Tappan bay on the south, and on the north for an extent of 50 miles; the surrounding country, lying as a map before the observer, affording a grand panoramic view, embracing a rich and highly culti- vated region, chequered with vil- lages and every thing that gives in- terest to a landscape so extensive and diversified.
BEAR CREEK, the outlet of Bear Lake, rises in Stockton, Chautauque co. and flows south in- to Cassadaga creek.
BEAREN ISLAND, lying in the Hudson river opposite the town of Coeymans in Albany county; lay on the south bounds of the old co- lony of Rensselaerwyck, and was fortified and garrisoned by one of the early Patroons, in 1644. All foreign traders were here obliged to come to, and learn the terms on which the port of the colony might be entered.
BEAR LAKE, is a small body of water in Chautauque county, lying partly in the town of Pom- fret, and partly in Stockton.
BEAVERKILL, p. o. Rockland, Sullivan county.
BEAVERKILL, a mill stream that rises in Ulster county, and flows through Sullivan into Dela- ware co. where it empties into the Papacton branch of the Delaware.
BEAVER LAKE, is a small body of water lying in Hamilton county, emptying into Moose river. BEAVER RIVER, rises in Ha- milton co. runs west into Lewis co. where it empties into Black river.
BEDFORD, t. Westchester co. is a half shire town with White Plains, which is situated 15 miles south ; the county buildings are in the village of the same name. The surface is hilly and broken, yet with little waste land; soil, light loam, stony, yet productive when well cultivated, producing good crops of grain and grass. It is drained by Croton river on the south-west, and several other small streams. Bedford, Cantato and Whitlocksville, are post offices.
BEDFORD, V. and p. o. Bedford, Westchester co. is a half shire vil- lage, 130 miles south of the city of Albany. It contains a court house, 2 churches, a female semi- nary; 2 taverns, 3 stores, 40 dwel- lings, and about 250 inhabitants.
77
BEDLOW'S ISLAND-BELLVALE.
BEDLOW'S ISLAND, in the bay | 1 grist mill, 1 plaster mill, 20 dwel- lings and about 125 inhabitants.
of New-York, is fortified and be- longs to the United States govern- ment; it is situated near Ellis' Is- land, 2,946 yards south-west from the Battery. Here is located Fort Wood, a strong fortification, which with the works on Governor's Is- land, form the inner defence to the harbor of New-York.
BEEKMAN, t. Dutchess co. situated 14 miles south-east of the ! rolling; soil, sandy loam; it is village of Poughkeepsie, and dis- watered by the Genesee river and some of its tributaries. The Ge- nesee Valley Canal here leaves the river and passes in a south-west di- rection up the valley of the Black Creek. Belfast, Rockville and Summer Valley, are post offices. tant 87 miles from Albany; con- tained in 1840, 1,400 inhabitants. The surface is mostly hilly; soil, generally rich gravelly loam; it is drained by the Fishkill and several other small streams. Beekman and Poughquag are names of post offices.
BEEKMANTOWN, t. Clinton co. situated 8 miles north of the village of Plattsburgh, distant 170 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 2,769 inhabitants. This town ex- tends across the county, a distance of 37 miles; on the east it is level or undulating, and on the west hilly and mountainous ; the soil is diversified ; Chazy and Chateaugay lakes both lie on the west, while several small streams flow through the eastern part. Beekmantown and Farrel Place, are names of post offices.
BEEKMANTOWN, V. Mount Pleasant, Westchester co. is situ- ated on the east bank of the Hud- son river, adjoining the village of Tarrytown; it contains about 450 inhabitants, 60 dwelling houses; the Irving Institute, a school of much celebrity ; 1 church, 1 ta- vern and 3 stores. Half a mile north of this place is situated an old and venerable Dutch Reformed church, erected about the middle of the 17th century.
BEEKMANVILLE, V. Beekman, Dutchess co. situated on the Fish- kill ; contains the Beekman post office, 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store,
BEERKILL, rises in Sullivan county and flows east into Ulster county, where it empties into the Rondout creek.
BELFAST, t. Allegany co. situ- ated 6 miles west of the village of Angelica, and distant 262 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,646 inhabitants. The surface is
BELFORT, p. o. Croghan, Lewis county.
BELGIUM, V. Clay, Onondaga county, is situated on Seneca river; it contains about 350 inhabitants, 50 dwelling houses, 1 church, 2 taverns, 5 stores, and the Clay post office.
BELLE ISLE, p. o. Camillus, Onondaga co. is situated on the Erie Canal; here are located 2 ta- verns, 1 store, and about 20 dwel- lings.
BELLEVILLE, V. and p. o. El- lisburgh, Jefferson co. is situated on Sandy Creek ; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 50 dwelling hou- ses, an incorporated academy, 1 church, 2 taverns, 4 stores, 1 grist mill, 2 saw mills, 1 clothier's works and 1 ashery.
BELLEVUE, See N. York city.
BELLONA, V. Benton, Yates co. contains about 150 inhabitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 2 taverns, 2 stores and some mills; also the Benton post office.
BELLPORT, p. o. Brookhaven, Suffolk co. is situated near Fire- place Bay; here is a small settle- ment of some 15 or 20 dwellings.
BELLVALE, v. Warwick, Or- ange co. contains about 100 inha-
78
BELMONT-BERLIN.
bitants, 16 dwelling houses, 1 |Penn-Yan, and distant 207 miles store, 1 woollen factory, 1 grist mill, and 1 saw mill. Here is an abundant supply of water power, afforded by Longhouse creek ; on- ly a small part is as yet occupied for manufacturing purposes.
BELMONT, t. Franklin co. situ- ated 10 miles south-east of the vil- lage of Malone, and distant 202 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 472 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, clay and sandy loam; it con- tains several small lakes, and is watered by Chateaugay and Trout rivers. Belmont, is the name of a post office.
BEMUS' HEIGHTS, p. o. Still- water, Saratoga co .; near this of- fice is the ground on which Gen. Burgoyne was defeated by the American army under Gen. Gates, in 1777. The battle ground is one or two miles west of the Hudson river. Burgoyne surrendered Oct. 17, 1777, at Fort Hardy, now Schuylerville, 8 miles north.
BENNETT'S CORNERS, P. O. Lenox, Madison co.
BENNETT'S CREEK, rises in the south part of Steuben co. and flows north into the Canisteo river.
BENNINGTON, t. Wyoming co. situated 15 miles north-west of the village of Warsaw, and distant 256 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,368 inhabitants. Sur- face rolling and deeply indented by the streams; soil, moist clay, fruitful in grass and summer crops; it is drained by the Cayuga and Tonawanda creeks. Bennington and Cowlesville are names of post offices; at the former there are lo- cated 1 tavern, I store, 1 saw mill, and 8 or 10 dwellings.
BENSON, p. o. Hope, Hamilton county.
BENSONVILLE, p. o. Groton, Tompkins county.
BENTON, t. Yates co. situated 4 miles north of the village of
from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,911 inhabitants. The surface consists of gentle swells, and large plains ; soil, clay, sandy and gra- velly loam, underlaid with slate and limestone, containing but few small streams. Benton, Benton Centre, Cashong, and Dresden, are names of post offices; the former is located in the village of Bellona.
BENTON CENTRE, p. o. Ben- ton, Yates co .; here are located 2 churches, 1 tavern, 2 stores, and some 30 or 40 dwellings, being a scattered agricultural settlement.
BERGEN, t. Genesee co. situat- e'd 14 miles north-west of the vil- lage of Batavia, and distant 241 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,832 inhabitants. The sur- face is level; soil, clay and cal- careous loam; watered by Black creek. The Tonawanda railroad runs through the town. Bergen, North Bergen, and Stone Church are names of post offices.
BERGEN, v. and p. o. Bergen, Genesee co. contains about 200 in- habitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 church, 3 taverns and 5 stores.
BERKSHIRE, t. Tioga co. situ- ated 13 miles north of the village of Owego, and distant 168 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 956 inhabitants. The surface is hilly, but mostly arable; soil, gra- velly loam, and very productive in the valleys ; it is drained by East and West Owego creeks.
BERKSHIRE, V. and p. o. Berk- shire, Tioga co. is situated on East Owego creek; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 45 dwelling hou- ses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist church, an academy, 2 stores, 1 woollen factory, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 tannerv, and a large chair and cabinet factory.
BERLIN, t. Rensselaer co. situ- ated 18 miles east of the city of Troy, and distant 24 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,794
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BERLIN-BETHPAGE.
inhabitants. The surface is moun- tainous, a branch of the Taghkanic mountain covers the east and the Peterborough the western portions ; the great valley thus formed has a good soil and is well cultivated ; it is drained by Little Hoosick creek on the north, and by the Kinderhook creek and Poestenkill on the south and east. Berlin and Berlin Centre are post offices.
BERLIN, V. and p. o. Berlin, Rensselaer co. is situated on Little Hoosick creek; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 40 dwelling hou- ses, 1 church, 1 tavern, 4 stores and 2 mills.
BERLIN CENTRE, p. o. Ber- lin, Rensselaer co .; here is an old settlement first made by some Ger- man families in 1764; it now con- tains 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store, and about 20 dwellings.
BERNE, t. Albany co. situated 16 miles west of the city of Alba- ny, contained in 1840, 3,740 inha- bitants. The surface is in part co- vered by the Helderberg hills, composed of calcareous rocks, which rise precipitously from 100 to 500 feet, in which are a number of curious natural caverns. The valleys have a fine soil of calca- reous loam, and are very produc- tive. The lands are holden by the Van Rensselaers, and are leased at the rent of from 10 to 15 bushels of wheat the 100 acres. There are two large ponds on the east, and on the west it is watered by Foxes creek, which flows into Schoharie creek. Berne, East Berne, and Readsville, are names of post offices; Bernville is the name of a village.
BERNVILLE, V. Albany coun- ty, is situated on Foxes creek ; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 50 dwelling houses, 1 Dutch Re- formed and 1 Lutheran church, 2 taverns, 4 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 clothier's works and fulling mill, 1 tannery and 1 axe
factory. The Berne post office is situated in this place.
BETHANY, t. Genesee co. situ- ated 6 miles south-east of the vil- lage of Batavia, and distant 241 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,286 inhabitants. The sur- face is rolling; soil, sandy loam and clay; it is drained by Little Tonawanda and Black creeks. The names of the post offices are Bethany, East Bethany and Lin- den; it also contains the county poor house.
BETHANY, V. and p. o. Betha- ny, Genesee co. contains about 200 inhabitants, 35 dwelling hou- ses, 2 churches, 2 taverns, and 2 stores ; surrounded by a fine agri- cultural region of country.
BETHEL, t. Sullivan co. situat- ed 8 miles west of the village of Monticello, and distant 121 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,483 inhabitants. The surface is hilly; soil gravelly loam, resting on slate ; in this town are several small lakes ; it is drained by the Mongoup river and several other small streams, all of which flow into the Delaware river. Bethel and White Lake are names of post offices.
BETHEL, v. Gorham, Ontario co. is situated on Flint creek ; it contains about 250 inhabitants, 40 dwelling houses, 1 church, 2 tar verns, 2 stores, 1 flouring mill and 1 saw mill.
BETHLEHEM, t. Albany co. situated 5 miles south of the city of Albany; contained in 1810, 3,238 inhabitants. The surface is diversified; soil, various; along the Hudson river are some extensive alluvial flats; it is watered by Nor- manskill, Vlamanskill and Coey- mans creek. Bethlehem and Cedar Hill are names of post offices.
BETHPAGE, Oyster Bay, Queens co. is an agricultural settlement, containing a Quaker meeting house and 12 or 15 dwellings.
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BETHUNEVILLE-BIRD ISLAND.
BETHUNEVILLE, Morehouse, 12,800 inhabitants, 450 dwelling Hamilton co. is an agricultural settlement situated on the east branch of the West Canada creek, where there is a good water privi- lege for manufacturing purposes ; here are now erected some 10 or 12 dwellings and 1 saw mill.
BETTS' CORNERS, Lysander, Onondaga co. is a thriving agricul- tural settlement ; it contains 2 churches, 1 tavern, 1 store, 30 or 35 dwellings and the Lysander post office.
BIG BROOK, p. o. Western, Oneida co.
BIG FLATS, t. Chemung co. si- tuated 5 miles west of the village of Elmira, and distant 203 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,375 inhabitants. The surface is mostly hilly, with the exception of extensive flats on the Chemung ri- ver, which gives the name to the town ; soil on the uplands general- ly loam, the valleys fertile alluvi- on ; it is watered by the Chemung river and some of its tributaries. The navigable feeder of the Che- mung canal and the New-York and Erie railroad both pass through this town. Big Flats and North Big Flats are names of post offices.
BIG FLATS, V. and p. o. Big Flats, Chemung co. is an agricul- tural settlement, situated on the north side of the Chemung river; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and I Episcopal church, 1 tavern and 2 stores.
BIG HOLLOW, p. o. Windham, Greene co.
BIG STREAM POINT, p. O. Starkey, Yates co.
houses, a court house and jail and county clerk's office; a new incor- porated academy; 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 2 Methodist, 1 Roman Ca- tholic and 2 African churches ; 1 banking house, 5 hotels and ta- verns, 45 stores of different kinds, 4 warehouses, 2 flouring mills, 4 saw mills, a boat yard and dry dock, 1 extensive steam furnace, 1 steam stave factory, I steam turn- ing establishment, 2 plaster mills, 2 tanneries, 1 lath manufactory, 1 extensive plough factory, 1 gun and rifle factory, 2 cloth dressing establishments, 2 printing offices ; besides almost every other kind of mechanic work shops. Here ter- minates the Chenango canal, which runs northerly and unites with the Erie canal at Utica; the New- York and Erie railroad, which is now building, will pass directly through this place, where is now erecting a commodious depot and machine shop for the use of the railroad company. Stages leave this village daily, running east, west, north and south, which tends to make it a great thoroughfare for travellers. Binghamton is sur- rounded by a rich agricultural and grazing country ; lumber and other products here find a ready market, which is mostly re-shipped by canal to the Hudson river, and by the Susquehannah river to Philadelphia and Baltimore. No place in the state probably exceeds this village in rapid and permanent growth, and it bids fair to become a large and important inland town. It was named Binghamton after the late Wm. Bingham, Esq. of Philadel- phia. A bridge here crosses the Susquehannah, and another the Chenango river, both of which are toll bridges and constructed of wood.
BINGHAMTON, V. and p. o. Chenango, Broome co. lies at the junction of the Chenango river with the Susquehannah, 145 miles south-west of the city of Albany, and 180 miles north-west of the city of New-York; it was incorporated BIRD ISLAND, a small rocky in 1813, and now contains about island at the foot of Lake Erie, op-
81
BIRDSALL-BLACK RIVER.
posite the city of Buffalo; here | commences the great Black Rock Pier, which extends to Squaw Isl- and, opposite Black Rock, a dis- tance of 2 miles, affording an in- exhaustible feeder for the Erie ca- nal, and hydraulic power to an im- mense extent.
BIRDSALL, t. Allegany co. si- tuated 8 miles north-east of the vil- lage of Angelica, and distant 260 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 328 inhabitants. The surface is undulating; soil, clay loam; it is drained by Black creek and some other small streams. Bird- sall is the name of a post office ; around it is a small settlement.
BIRMINGHAM, V. Au Sable and Chesterfield, Clinton and Essex cos. is situated on both sides of the Au Sable river; this is a manufac- turing place, containing about 200 inhabitants, 20 dwelling houses, 1 tavern; 1 extensive forge, contain- ing four fires; 1 woollen factory, 1 paper mill and 1 saw mill. Here are a succession of falls in the ri- ver, of about 150 feet, affording hydraulic power to a great extent, but little of which is as yet occu- pied for manufacturing purposes. The Au Sable river, immediately below the lower falls at this place, which is two miles below Keese- ville, runs through a ledge of rocks, forming a chasm for about 2 miles, averaging from 75 to 150 feet in depth and about 50 feet wide, with perpendicular sides, forming alto- gether a great natural curiosity.
BLACK BROOK, t. Clinton co. situated 20 miles south west of the village of Plattsburgh, and distant 154 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,064 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and mountainous, mostly covered with forests, and abounds with iron; it contains se- veral small lakes, and is drained by the Saranac river on the north, and the Au Sable river and Black brook on the south, and the Little
Au Sable on the east. Black Brook' and Union Falls are names of post offices ; at the former are situated 2 forges, with 4 fires each; 2 saw mills, 1 store and about 15 dwell- ings.
BLACK CREEK, p. o. New Hudson, Allegany co .; here are si- tuated 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store and 12 or 15 dwellings.
BLACK CREEK, rises in the town of New Hudson, Allegany co. and runs north-east into the Genesee river; the Genesee Valley canal for a considerable distance follows the valley of this creek, after diverging from the Genesee river.
BLACK CREEK, a good mill stream, rises in Genesee county, and flows into Monroe co., where it empties into the Genesee river.
BLACK LAKE, lies in St. Law- rence co. nearly parallel with the St. Lawrence river; this lake,which is about 20 miles in length, and from 1 to 2} miles wide, seems a mere expansion of Indian river, which flows into it from the south. Its outlet enters the Oswegatchie river, after running 2 or 3 miles.
BLACK RIVER, so called from the color of its water, is the third in magnitude that has its whole course in the state of New-York. It rises in Herkimer co. while some of its tributaries extend into Ha- milton co. and interlock with the head waters of the Hudson. Its whole course is about 120 miles, and is navigable from the High Falls in Leyden, where it has a fall of 63 feet, to the Long Falls at Carthage, a distance of 40 miles; thence, by a succession of rapids and falls, it continues a circuitous route, until it empties into Black River Bay, near the foot of Lake Ontario. It is a deep sluggish stream, but the navigation is much obstructed by falls; affording, how- ever, fine water power. The land on the borders of the lower part of
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82
BLACK RIVER-BLACK ROCK.
the river is very fertile and thickly settled.
BLACK RIVER, p. o. Rutland, Jefferson co.
BLACK RIVER BAY, is an ex- pansion of Black river at its mouth ; it is 5 miles long by about one mile wide, communicating with Lake Ontario.
BLACK RIVER CANAL, and E- RIE CANAL FEEDER, was com- menced during the summer of 1836, in conformity to a law passed April 19, of the same year, instructing the canal commissioners to pro- ceed, with all reasonable diligence, to construct and complete a navi- gable canal, from or near the foot of the High Falls on the Black ri- ver, in Lewis county, by the most advantageous route, to the Erie canal at Rome, in Oneida county; and also a navigable feeder from the Black river to the summit level near the village of Boonville. The Black river is to be improved from the High Falls to the village of Carthage, in Jefferson county, so as to be navigable for steamboats drawing 4 feet of water. The length of the canal will be 34 miles, of the navigable feeder 11 miles, and of the improvement in the na- vigation of the Black river, 40 miles, making a total of 85 miles of canal and steamboat navigation. The estimated cost of this canal and feeder exclusive of the river im- provement is $2,287,374.80. The amount of work put under contract is $1,626,701.00, and on which for work performed, there has been paid up to the close of the fiscal year ending September 30th, 1841, $1,591,076.90. This canal is in such a state of forwardness, as to justify the expectation that the Erie canal may receive through it a supply of water, at Rome, from the Black river, during 1842; and that at least some 15 or 20 miles of the canal will be opened for naviga- tion. A large part of the expense
of this canal is involved in the con- struction of locks, there being no less than 108 locks on the line of the main canal. The locks are to be constructed of stone. The ele- vation from the Erie canal to the summit level, is 696 feet, and the descent to the Black river, is 387. feet, making in the whole 1083 feet to be overcome by lockage. This work when completed, will furnish a safe mode of transporta- tion for the products of the nor- thern part of Oneida co Lewis, Jef- ferson and part of St. Lawrence.
BLACK ROCK, t. Erie co. ex- tends on three sides of the ci- ty of Buffalo, from which it is centrally distant 3 miles ; in 1840, it contained 3,625 inhabi- tants. The surface is mostly un- dulating, with an alluvial soil, mingled with clay; it is watered by Buffalo creek and other small streams which flow into the Niagara river. Squaw and Strawberry isl- ands, each containing about 100 acres, belong to this town, which is bounded on the west by the di- viding line between the United States and Canada. Black Rock and Eleysville are the names of post offices.
BLACK ROCK, v. and p. o. Black Rock, Erie co. is advanta- geously situated on the east side of the Niagara river, near the foot of Lake Erie, 23 miles below the city of Buffalo, with which it is con- nected by a rail-road ; and is dis- tant from Albany by the nearest route, 287 miles, and by the Erie canal 316 miles. It was incorpo- rated in 1837, and now contains about 1800 inhabitants, 300 dwel- ling houses, 1 church, 5 taverns, 10 stores and groceries, 5 ware- houses, 4 flouring mills with 25 run of stones ; 2 saw mills, 2 oil mills, 2 distilleries, 1 iron foundery and forge, 1 machine shop, 1 plaster mill, 1 stove manufactory, several | large cooperage establishments, 1
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