USA > New York > A gazetteer of the state of New York: comprising its topography, geology, mineral resources, civil divisions, canals, railroads and public institutions; together with general statistics; the whole alphabetically arranged. Also statistical tables of distances with a new township map of the state > Part 25
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189
GREENBUSH-GREENE.
GREENBUSH, t. Rensselaer co. situated 6 miles south of the city of Troy, and distant 1 mile from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,701 inhabitants. The surface i's hilly ; the upland is mostly clay loam, mixed with gravel and sand ; along the Hudson river there are some fertile flats. Greenbush, Defriest- ville, East Greenbush and Winants- kill are names of post offices; Bath is the name of a village.
GREENBUSH, V. and p. o. ·Greenbush, Rensselaer co. is situa- ted on the east side of the Hudson river, opposite the south part of the city of Albany, with which it is connected by a steam ferry; it was
incorporated in 1815, and now con- tains about 900 inhabitants, 100 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 taverns, 9 stores and groceries, 2 flouring mills, 1 distillery, 1 spirit gas man- ufactory, 1 tannery and a ship yard for building and repairing river craft. The Albany and West Stockbridge railroad commences in the north part of this village, directly opposite the city of Alba- ny ; this road affords an uninterrup- ted communication with the city of Boston by railroad, and is one of the great links between the east- ern and western states.
GREENE COUNTY, erected from Albany and Ulster in 1800, is centrally distant 30 miles from the city of Albany ; it is bounded on the north by Albany county, east by the Hudson river, south by Ulster and on the west by Delaware and Schoharie counties. The surface of this county is diversified, being hilly and mountainous on the south and west while it is more level on the north-east. The Catskill mountains here attain their greatest height, the "Round Top," the highest peak, being elevated 3,804 feet above the tide waters of the Hudson; there are also other peaks of the same range of nearly the same altitude. The soil is various ; while the mountains are sterile, the uplands and vallies are rich and productive. Here are manufactured large quanti- ties of leather, for the production of which this county is celebrated, more so than any other county in the state. The mineral productions of this region are not so valuable, as might be supposed from its geolo- gical formation; it contains, however, some useful mineral productions. Some interesting crystaline forms of calcareous spar occur, and there have also been found fine crystals of quartz in cavities in the slate rock, near Catskill. The streams worthy of note, are the Catskill and Cox- sackie creeks, which flow easterly into the Hudson river, and the head branches of Schoharie creek, which run north-west into the Mohawk. The Catskill and Canajoharie railroad is finished from this place to Cooksburgh, in the county of Albany, a distance of 26 miles. Its area is about 533 square miles, or 372,933 acres.
The following are the names of the towns in Greene county, with the population in 1840.
Athens, 2,387 [
Lexington, 2,813
Cairo,
2,862
New-Baltimore,
2,306
CATSKILL,
5,339
Prattsville,.
1,613
Coxsackie, 3,539
Windham, 2,417
Durham,
2,813
Greenville,
2,338
Hunter,
2,019
Total inhabitants,
30,446
6
190
GREENE-GREENVILLE.
GREENE, t. Chenango co. situ- ated 20 miles south-west of the vil- lage of Norwich, and distant 126 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 3,462 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly and broken ; soil, however, mostly good and heavily timbered; it is drained by the Chenango river and some of its tributaries. Greene, East Greene and Geneganslette are names of post offices.
GREENE, V. and p. o. Greene, Chenango co. is situated on the west bank of the Chenango river, and on the line of the Chenango canal ; it contains about 750 inhab- itants, 100 dwelling houses, 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 2 taverns, 12 stores, 1 flouring mill, 1 cloth- ier's works, 1 plaster mill, 1 saw mill and 2 tanneries. Stages pass through this village running from Utica to Binghamton, and from Ithaca to Catskill.
GREENFIELD, t. Saratoga co. situated 10 miles north of the vil- lage of Ballston Spa, and distant 40 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,803 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and mountainous; on the west are ridges of the Kay- aderosseras, and on the north-east the Palmertown mountains ; the intervening valley is drained by the Kayaderosseras creek; it is productive and generally well cul- tivated. Greenfield Centre, Por- ter's Corners and West Greenfield are names of post offices; James- ville is the name of a settlement.
GREEN LAKE, in the town of Manlius, Onondaga co. lies within a few rods of the Erie canal; it is a small sheet of water, about three- fourths of a mile long by a quarter of a mile wide. This is probably the most beautiful little lake in the state It is clear and transparent, so much so, that fish can plainly be seen, with the naked eye, at the depth of fifty feet. There is no
outlet and but a small inlet to this lake. Its depth is 176 feet. In several places within five feet of the shore the water is 60 feet deep. There are several kinds of excel- lent fish in this lake. About 20 rods above this is a small circular lake whose depth has never been ascertained.
GREENPORT, t. Columbia co. situated 2 miles from the city of Hudson, surrounding it on three sides, and is centrally distant from Albany 30 miles. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel, clay and loam; watered by the Hudson river, which bounds it in part on the west.
GREENPORT, V. and p. o. South- old, Suffolk co. is situated near the north-east end of Long Island; it was incorporated in 1838, and now contains about 700 inhabitants, 100 dwelling houses, 2 churches, a large hotel and several stores. This place is advantageously situated at the head of Southold harbor. Here are owned several whale ships, be- sides brigs, schooners and smaller vessels employed in the coasting trade ; there have here been recent- ly built wharves and railways for the accommodation of vessels, the water being of sufficient depth for the largest ships ; well sheltered from storms, and rarely, if ever, obstructed with ice. The Long Island railroad, when finished, will extend from Brooklyn to this place, a distance of 93 miles; thence to Stonington, Conn. it is 24 miles by water.
GREEN RIVER, rises in Aus- terlitz, Columbia co. and flows south-east into Massachusetts, where it empties into the Housa- tonic river.
GREEN RIVER, p. o. Hillsdale, Columbia co.
GREENVILLE, t. Greene co. situated 15 miles north-west of the village of Catskill, and distant 26 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 2,338 inhabitants. The sur-
191
GREENVILLE-GROVELAND
face is broken and hilly ; soil, clay loam, well adapted to grass; it is drained by Provost and Catskill creeks. Greenville, Freehold and Gay Head are names of post offices.
GREENVILLE, V. and p. o. Greenville, Greene co. contains about 150 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 church, an incorporated academy, 1 tavern and 2 stores.
GREENWICH, t. Washington co. situated 10 miles west of the village of Salem, and distant 35 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 3,382 inhabitants. The sur- face is somewhat hilly; soil, gra- velly loam, productive and mostly well cultivated; the Battenkill flows along the south boundary, emptying into the Hudson river, which bounds it on the west .- Greenwich, East Greenwich, North Greenwich, Battenville, Lake and Union Village are names of post offices.
GREENWOOD, t. Steuben co. situated 30 miles south-west of the village of Bath, and distant 251 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,138 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly ; soil of good quality for grass; drained north by Ben- nett's creek. Greenwood is the name of a post office.
GREENWOOD CEMETERY. See Brooklyn.
GREIG, t. Lewis co. situated 12 miles south-east of the village of Martinsburgh, and distant 123 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 592 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various and heavily timbered ; it is drained by Otter creek, Fish creek and Moose river, all of which run into Black river. Greig and Lyonsdale are names of post offices.
GREIGSVILLE, p. o. York, Liv- ingston co.
GRENADIER ISLAND, lies near the foot of Lake Ontario, and is at- tached to the town of Lyme, Jef- ferson co.
GRIFFEN'S MILLS, p. o. Au- rora, Erie co. here are situated, on Cazenove creek, 1 grist mill, 2 saw mills, 1 church, 1 tavern, 2 stores and about 20 dwellings.
GRINDSTONE ISLAND, lies in the St. Lawrence river, and is at- tached to the town of Clayton, Jef- ferson co .; it is five miles long and 2 miles wide, being one of the largest of the "Thousand Is- lands."
GRISWOLD'S MILLS, P. O. Fort Ann, Washington co.
GROTON, t. Tompkins co. situ- ated 13 miles north-east of the vil- lage of Ithaca, and distant 160 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,618 inhabitants. The sur- face is undulating ; soil, gravelly loam, underlaid with slate, of good quality and mostly well cultivated ; drained by Fall creek and some other small streams. Groton, Ben- sonville, Fall creek, McLean, Pe- ruville and West Groton are names of post offices.
GROTON, V. and p. o. Groton, Tompkins co. is situated on the inlet to Owasco Lake ; it contains about 350 inhabitants, 50 dwelling hous- es, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, a flourishing incorporated academy, 2 taverns, 4 stores, 1 flouring mill, 3 saw mills, 1 fur- nace, I carding and fulling mill, and I carriage manufactory.
GROVE, t. Allegany co. situat- ed 13 miles north of the village of Angelica, and distant 257 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 623 inhabitants. The surface is undulating ; soil, mostly sandy loam ; drained south by Cashaque and Canaseraga creeks. Grove and East Grove are names of post offices.
GROVELAND, t. Livingston co. situated 6 miles south of the village of Geneseo, and distant 232 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,000 inhabitants. The surface is high and ridgy ; soil, various,
192
GUILDERLAND-HALLETT'S COVE.
mostly sand and clay loam ; it is | part covered by the Kayaderosse- drained south by Canaseraga creek, and on the north-east angle lies Conesus lake: Groveland, Grove- land Centre and East Groveland are names of post offices.
GUILDERLAND, t. Albany co. situated 10 miles west of the city of Albany; contained in 1840, 2,790 inhabitants. The surface is mostly level ; soil, sandy and of an inferior quality ; drained east by Norman's kill. Guilderland, Guil- derland Centre, Dunnsville and West Guilderland are names of post offices.
GUILFORD, t. Chenango co. situated 10 miles south-east of the village of Norwich, and distant 105 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,872 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and broken; soil, generally of good quality ; water- ed by the Unadilla, which flows along its east boundary. Guilford, East Guilford and Mount Upton are names of post offices ; Fayette is the name of a settlement.
GUILFORD, V. and p. o. Guil- ford, Chenango co. is an agricul- tural village, containing about 200 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 1 tavern, 2 stores and a clothier's works.
GULL ISLAND, Great and Little, are attached to the town of Southold, Suffolk co .; they are situated in what is called the Race, on account of the swiftness of the current, and must have long since disappeared but from their being composed of solid rock.
HACKENSACK, p. o. Fishkill, Dutchess co .; here is a settlement containing 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store and a few dwellings.
HADLEY, t. Saratoga co. situa- ted 26 miles north of the village of Ballston Spa, and distant 56 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 865 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and mountainous, being in toria.
ras mountain; the lumber trade forms the chief employments of its inhabitants. The Sacandaga river here forms a junction with the Hudson, which latter stream bounds it on the east. Hadley is the name of a post office.
HADLEY'S FALLS, lying in the Hudson river between the towns of Hadley and Lawrence, are just above the mouth of the Sacandaga river, while on the county maps of the state they are located seve- ral miles below.
HAGERMAN'S MILLS, p. o. Amsterdam, Montgomery county; here are situated 1 church, 1 ta- vern, 1 store, 1 grist .mill, 1 saw mill, 1 carpet factory, 1 turning machine, and about 25 dwelling houses.
HAGUE, t. Warren co. situated 28 miles north of the village of Caldwell, and distant 90 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 610 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and mountainous, being in part co- vered by the Kayaderosseras range of mountains ; on the east it is watered by Lake George. Hague is the name of a post office.
HAIVNAKRAUS KILL, rises in Albany county, and flows east into the Hudson river, near the village of Coeymans.
HALCOTTSVILLE, p. o. Mid- dletown, Delaware co.
HALFMOON, t. Saratoga co. situated 15 miles south-east of the village of Ballston Spa, and distant 18 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 2,631 inhabitants. The surface is mostly level; soil, sand, sandy loam and some clay, gene- rally productive. It is watered by the Hudson river on the east. The Champlain canal and Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad both run through this town. Halfmoon is the name of a post office.
HALLETT'S COVE. See As-
.
193
HALL'S CORNERS-HAMILTON.
HALL'S CORNERS, p. o. Sene- | East Hamburgh, and Water Val- ca, Ontario co.
HALL'S MILLS, p. o. Rensse- laerville, Albany co. Here are situated 1 church, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and about 20 dwellings.
HALLSVILLE, p. o. Minden, Montgomery co.
HAMBURGH, t. Erie co. situa- ted 8 miles south of the city of Buffalo, and distant 281 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,727 inhabitants. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, clay, sand and cal- careous loam, warm and fertile, well adapted to grass, grain and fruit ; drained by Smokes creek, Rush creek and Cauquaga creek, all flowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the west. Ham- burgh, Hamburgh on the Lake,
ley are names of post offices. At the former there are situated 1 church, 2 taverns, 2 stores, 2 tan- neries, and about 30 dwelling houses.
HAMDEN, t. Delaware county, situated 7 miles south of the vil- lage of Delhi, and distant 85 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,469 inhabitants. The surface is broken and mountainous; soil, va- rious; drained by the west branch of the Delaware river.
HAMDEN, V. and p. o. Hamden, Delaware co. is situated on the right bank of the west branch of the Delaware river; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 40 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian church, 1 tavern, 3 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and 1 small woollen factory.
HAMILTON COUNTY, was provisionally erected in 1816, but not organized until January, 1838; it is centrally distant 95 miles from the city of Albany, and is bounded on the north by the counties of St. Lawrence and Franklin, on the east by Essex and Warren, on the south by Fulton, and on the west by Herkimer county. The surface of this county is elevated, and in part hilly and mountainous, abounding with numerous lakes and ponds, sending forth streams east, west, north and south, which are the sources of several rivers ; Indian river and Sacandaga river, the west branches of the Hudson, Moose river and the Racket river, are the most important. The principal lakes are Indian lake, Long lake, Racket lake, Piseco lake and Lake Pleasant, all abound- ing with trout and other fish of a delicious flavor ; it has become a great resort for the sportsman and angler. There are some tracts of fine arable land, along the margin of the lakes and streams, mostly covered with a heavy growth of timber; the whole middle and northern section, being as yet a vast wilderness. As to its mineral resources but little is as yet known, although there is no doubt of the existence of iron ore, and many other useful and valuable minerals. This whole region of country has of late attracted much attention ; new roads are about being constructed, and the settlements are increasing. Its area is about 1,064 square miles, or 680,866 acres.
The following are the names of the towns in Hamilton county, with the population in 1840.
Arietta, 209 |
Gilman, 98
Hope, . . 711
LAKE PLEASANT, 296 Long Lake, . 59
HAMILTON, t. Madison co. si- tuated 10 miles south-east of the
Morehouse, 169
Wells, 365
Total inhabitants, 1,907
village of Morrisville, and distant 96 miles from Albany ; contained in
13
194
HAMILTON-HAMPTONBURGH.
1840, 3,738 inhabitants. The sur- face is somewhat hilly ; soil, calca- reous loam of good quality, and mostly highly cultivated; it is drain- ed by the head branches of the Che- nango river. Hamilton, Earl ville & Poolsville are names of post offices.
HAMILTON, V. and p. o. Hamil- ton, Madison county, is situated on the Chenango river ; it was incor- porated in 1816, and now contains about 1,500 inhabitants, 400 dwel- "ling houses, 2 college buildings, and an incorporated academy in a flourishing condition ; 3 churches, 3 public houses, 20 stores and gro- ceries, 1 flouring mill, and 1
tannery. Here is located the Hamilton Literary and Theologi- cal Institution, sustained by the Baptist denomination of this and the adjoining states. The college buildings consist of two edifices built of stone, four stories high, besides the basement, and 100 feet long by 60 wide ; they stand on an eminence half a mile south of the centre of the village, overlook- ing the surrounding country. It was chartered in 1818, and is now under the immediate government of a president and 7 professors ; the number of students in 1841,was 238.
HAMILTON COLLEGE. See Clinton Village.
HAMMERTOWN, Pine Plains, Dutchess co. is a small manufac- turing settlement, situated on Chi- comeco creek ; it contains a large scythe factory, 1 tannery and 8 or 10 dwellings.
HAMMOND, t. St. Lawrence co. situated 26 miles south-west of the village of Canton, and distant 184 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,845 inhabitants. The surface is level; soil, sand and clay, very fertile, well adapted to grass or grain. The St. Lawrence river bounds it on the west, and it is watered on the east by Black lake. Hammond and South Hammond are names of post offices.
HAMMOND, V. and p. o. Ham- mond, St. Lawrence co. contains about 150 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses,1 Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist church; 1 tavern and 2 stores.
HAMMOND'S MILLS, p. o. Campbell, Steuben co.
HAMMONDSPORT, V. and p. o. Urbana, Steuben co. is situated at the south end of Crooked lake, 8 miles north-east of the village of Bath ; it contains about 700 inha- bitants, 100 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church ; 2 taverns, 12 stores, 3 warehouses, 1 flouring mill, 1 saw mill, 1 plaster mill and 1 tannery. This is a convenient steamboat landing. A passage boat runs daily between this place and the village of Penn-Yan, a distance of 22 miles ; from thence the Crooked Lake canal communicates with Seneca lake, a further distance of 8 miles.
HAMPTON, t. Washington co. situated 26 miles north of the vil- lage of Salem, and distant 73 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 972 inhabitants. The surface is somewhat hilly, with fertile val- lies; drained on the north by the Poultney river, which divides it from the state of Vermont. Hamp- ton and Low Hampton are names of post offices.
HAMPTON, V. Westmoreland, Oneida county, is situated on a branch of the Oriskany creek; it contains about 400 inhabitants, 60 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church ; 2 taverns, 4 stores, 1 flouring mill, 1 saw mill and an ashery. About half a mile north of this place is situated a mineral spring of some cele- brity.
HAMPTONBURGH, t. Orange co. situated 4 miles north-east of the village of Goshen, and distant 100 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,379 inhabitants. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay
195
HANCOCK-HARLEM RIVER.
and loam, well adapted to grass [ nut tree was blown down, stand- and grain, and highly productive ; drained by Murderer's creek east, and by the Wallkill which bounds it on the west. Hamptonburgh, Horace and Little Britain, are names of post offices.
HANCOCK, t. Delaware county, situated 24 miles south of the vil- lage of Delhi, and distant 129 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,026 inhabitants. The sur- face is broken, and mountainous. This is a large town, chiefly settled along the Papacton branch of the Delaware river, and on the main stream of the Delaware, which wa- HARBOR HILL, is the highest point of land on Long Island, lying ters it on the south-west. Hancock, East Branch and Partridge Island ; in the town of North Hempstead, are names of post offices. Paulinia is the name of a settlement.
HANFORD'S LANDING, p. o. Greece, Monroe co.
HANNIBAL, t. Oswego co. si- tuated 12 miles south of the village of Oswego, and distant 168 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,269 inhabitants. The surface is undulating ; soil, sandy loam and fertile ; drained north by several
HARLEM, V. and p. o. New- York city and county, is situated 73 miles north of the City Hall, on the Harlem river. It contains small creeks flowing into Lake ! about 1,400 inhabitants, 175 dwel- Ontario. Hannibal, Hall's Cor- ners and Kinney's Four Corners are names of post offices.
HANNIBALVILLE, V. Hanni- bal, Oswego co. is an agricultural settlement, containing 2 church- es, 1 tavern, 3 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, an ashery, and about 30 dwelling houses.
HANOVER, t. Chautauque co. situated 26 miles north-east of the village of Mayville, and distant 315 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,998 inhabitants. The surface is high and hilly, declining north towards Cattaraugus creek and Lake Erie; along the lake shore and upon the intervals of the streams, are rich alluvial soils. In this vicinity are to be found some of the largest growth of forest trees in the state; in 1822, a black wal-
ing near Black Walnut creek, in this town, which measured 36 feet in circumference at its base, gra- dually tapering 80 feet to the first limb ; its total heighth was about 150 feet, and was estimated to con- tain 100 cords of wood. In addi- tion to the streams named, Silver creek flows nearly through the centre of this town. Hanover, Irving, Nashville," Silver Creek and Smith's Mills are names of post offices. Fayette, Forrestville and La Grange are names of vil- lages.
Queens co. It is elevated 319 feet above the Atlantic ocean, and is visible for 25 miles at sea.
HARBOR OF NEW-YORK. See New-York Bay.
HARFORD, p. o. Virgil, Cort- land co.
ling houses, 1 Episcopal, 1 Re- formed Dutch, 1 Methodist and 1 Roman Catholic church ; 1 public market; 10 hotels and taverns, 10 stores, 1 extensive railroad car and coach manufactory, and 2 car- riage and wagon factories, 1 carpet manufactory, 1 lumber yard, and 2 coal and wood yards. Here is a toll bridge and railroad bridge across the Harlem river; there is also a convenient steamboat land- ing and wharves for loading and unloading vessels.
HARLEM RAILROAD. See New-York and Harlem Railroad.
HARLEM RIVER, as it is call- ed, extends from the East river to the Hudson river, or Spuyten Duy- val creek, the name given to the western termination of this chan- nel ; it divides the county of New-
196
HARLEMVILLE-HARTFORD.
York from Westchester county. [ miles from Albany. This is a new Although navigable, it has several town taken from Duane in 1841, and is an almost perfect wilderness ; it contains Lower Saranac lake, and several other small lakes and ponds, being the head waters of the Rack- et and Saranac rivers. bridges built across it with draws, to admit vessels through; the Har- lem bridge, the rail-road bridge, McComb's bridge, King's bridge, and the Croton aqueduct bridge, all cross this stream, which is 8 or 10 miles in length.
HARLEMVILLE, p. o. Clave- rack, Columbia co.
HARMONY, t. Chautauque co. situated 10 miles south of the vil- lage of Mayville, and distant 338 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 3,340 inhabitants. The sur- face is rolling; soil, sandy and gravelly loam, with some clay ; it is drained by Goose creek and some other streams, flowing north- east into Chautauque lake, and by Little Broken Straw creek running south into Pennsylvania. Harmo- ny and Panama are names of post offices.
HARPERSFIELD, t. Delaware co. situated 18 miles north-east of the village of Delhi, and distant 62 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,708 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, chocolate colored loam, fertile and well cultivated; drained by Char- lotte and Delaware rivers. Har- persfield, North Harpersfield and West Harpersfield, are names of post offices.
HARPERSFIELD, V. and p. o. Harpersfield, Delaware county ; contains about 200 inhabitants, 40 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 taverns and 4 stores.
HARPERSVILLE, v. and p. o. Colesville, Broome co. is situated a short distance east of the Susque- hanna river; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 35 dwelling houses, 1 Episcopal church, 1 tavern, 1 store and 1 saw mill.
HARRIETSTOWN, t. Franklin co. situated 35 miles south of the village of Malone, and distant 190
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