USA > New York > A gazetteer of the state of New York: comprising its topography, geology, mineral resources, civil divisions, canals, railroads and public institutions; together with general statistics; the whole alphabetically arranged. Also statistical tables of distances with a new township map of the state > Part 41
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The following are the names of the towns in Otsego county, with the population in 1840.
Burlington,
2,154 | Oneonta, 1,936
Butternuts, 4,057
Otego, ·
1,919
Cherry Valley, .
3,923
OTSEGO, 4,120
Decatur, 1,071
Pittsfield, 1,395
Edmeston,
1,907
Plainfield, . 1,450
Exeter, .
1,423
Hartwick,
2,490
Laurens, .
2,173
Unadilla,
2,272
Maryland,
2,085
Middlefield, .
3,319
Milford,
2,095
New Lisbon,.
1,909
OTSEGO, t. Otsego co. contains the county buildings, located in the village of Cooperstown ; it is dis- tant 66 miles from Albany, and contained in 1840, 4,120 inhabit- ants. The surface is hilly, but generally arable ; soil, clay, grav- elly and sandy loam, adapted to grass and most kinds of grain. On the east border of this town lies Otsego Lake, and on the north- west lies Canaderaga lake, they being the head sources of the Sus- quehanna river. Oak creek, the outlet of the latter, flows across the town, and is a fine mill stream. Cooperstown and Oaksville are names of post offices. Le Roy is the name of a village.
Total inhabitants, 49,628
OTSEGO LAKE, in which the Susquehanna takes its rise, is situ- ated in the north part of the county of Otsego. It is a beautiful col- lection of clear water, abounding with a great variety of fish of a fine flavor ; it is 9 miles long, and from 1 to 2 miles wide, surrounded by an interesting and beautiful re- gion of country. At its outlet, on the south lies the flourishing vil- lage of Cooperstown, which, in connection with the lake and vi- cinity, has long been a favorite resort of the sportsman and an- gler.
OTSELIC, t. Chenango co. situ- ated 15 miles north-west of the vil- lage of Norwich, and distant 105
1,478
Worcester,
2,390
Richfield, 1,680
Springfield,
2,382
Westford,
312
OTSELIC RIVER-OWASCO LAKE.
miles from Albany ; contained in | by the depth of water is materially 1840, 1,621 inhabitants. The sur- increased, and the navigation much improved. face is hilly and somewhat broken; soil, clay loam, heavily timbered, and well adapted to grass ; drained south by the Otselic river. Otselic and South Otselic are names of | post offices ; at both of which there are small settlements.
OTSELIC RIVER, rises in Mad- ison county, and passes through a part of the counties of Chenango, Cortland and Broome, where it empties into the Tioughnioga river. On this stream are a number of good mill privileges, many of which are now occupied ; it also abounds in trout of a fine flavor.
OTSQUAGA CREEK, rises in the south part of Herkimer county, and flows north-east into Mont- gomery county, where it empties into the Mohawk river.
OTTER CREEK, rises in Her- kimer county, and flows west into Lewis county, where it empties in- to Black River.
OTTO, t. Cattaraugus co. situa- ted 10 miles north-west of the vil- lage of Ellicottville, and distant 300 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,133 inhabitants. The surface is high and much broken; soil, gravelly and clay loam, well adapted to grass or grain ; drained west by Cattaraugus creek and its tributaries, by which it is bound- ed on the north. Otto, East Otto and Waverly are names of post offices.
OVERSLAUGH, in the Hudson river, 3 miles below the city of Albany, has heretofore formed the principal obstruction to the free navigation of the Hudson on its tide waters. Here are a succession of bars or flats, through which there were narrow channels, af- fording at low tides but a small depth of water ; this obstruction, however, has of late been mostly removed by an expenditure by the United States government, where-
OVID, t. Seneca co. contains a part of the county buildings, situ- ated in the village of the same name, and is a half shire town with Waterloo; it is 171 miles from Albany, and contained in 1840, 2,721 inhabitants. The surface is high in the centre, declining east and west toward Cayuga and Sen- eca lake, lying between the above bodies of water; the soil is of a. good quality, well adapted to grass or grain ; it is drained by several small streams, on which are fine mill privileges and a number of beautiful falls. Ovid and Farmer are names of post offices. Farm- erville and Port Kidder are names of settlements.
OVID, V. and p. o. Ovid, Seneca co. is situated on elevated ground ; equi-distant between Cayuga and Seneca lakes ; this is a half shire village with Waterloo, and was in- corporated in 1816. It now con- tains about 700 inhabitants, 100 dwellings, a court house and jail, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, an incorporated academy, 3 hotels and taverns, and 8 stores of different kinds.
OWASCO, t. Cayuga co. situated 3 miles south-east of the village of Auburn, and distant 164 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,319 inhabitants. The surface is roll- ing ; soil, rich loam and highly cultivated. Owasco lake lies on the west, into which flow two or three small streams.
OWASCO, V. and p. o. Owasco, Cayuga co. contains about 150 in- habitants, 25 dwelling houses, 2 churches, 1 tavern and 1 store.
OWASCO LAKE, is situated in Cayuga county ; it is 12 miles long, and about 1 mile wide, a- bounding with trout and other fish. The water is very transparent, and the banks rather rugged, being
313
OWASCO OUTLET-OXBOW.
celebrated for its picturesque | of an hydraulic canal, supplied
scenery.
OWASCO OUTLET, commences about 2 miles south of the village of Auburn, running through the town, and empties into Seneca river, in the town of Mentz ; this is a steady and valuable mill stream, affording a great amount of hydraulic power, much of which is still unoccupied, although there are already erected many exten- sive manufactories on its banks.
OWEGO, t. Tioga co. contains the county buildings, located in the village of the same name; it is distant 167 miles from Albany, and contained in 1840, 5,340 in- habitants. The surface is in part hilly, with extensive flats along the Susquehanna river ; the soil is of good quality, and mostly well cultivated ; it is drained by Owego creek and several small streams flowing into the Susquehanna. Owego, Apalachin, Campville, Flemingville and South Owego, are names of post offices.
OWEGO, v. and p. o. Owego, Tioga co. is pleasantly situated on the north side of the Susquehanna river, 167 miles south-west of the city of Albany. It was incorpo- rated in 1827, and now contains about 1,800 inhabitants, 300 dwell- ing houses, a court house and jail and county clerk's office ; an in- corporated academy in a flourish- ing condition ; 1 banking house, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Bap- tist and 1 Methodist church, 4 ho- tels and taverns, 30 stores, of dif- ferent kinds, 1 steam furnace and machine shop, and 2 printing offi- ces, besides most other kinds of mechanic work shops. On the Owego creek, which empties into the Susquehanna at this place, are situated 1 woollen factory, 1 large flouring mill, 4 saw mills, 1 axe factory, 1 plaster mill, 1 tannery, and 1 pail and tub factory. The water power is derived by means
from the Owego creek, which is an important and never failing mill stream : a large proportion of this water power is still unoccupied. A bridge constructed of wood, with stone abutments, crosses the Susquehanna river at this place, one-fourth of a mile in length ; the Ithaca and Owego railroad termi- nates in the centre of the village, and the New-York and Erie rail- road passes through the north part of it, which, when finished from the Hudson river to Lake Erie, will increase the travel through this place, which is already a great thoroughfare. There is annually sent from Owego, down the Sus- quehanna, by means of arks, a large amount of lumber, plaster, salt, and other commodities, which finds a ready cash market in the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia. The lumber trade alone from this place and vicinity, is immense, giving employment to a great number of persons. From present appearances, Owego is destined soon to become a large and important inland town.
OWEGO CREEK, rises in Cort- land and Tompkins counties, and flows through the county of Tioga, emptying into the Susquehanna river at the village of Owego. This stream and its branches af- fords a large amount of hydraulic power, and on its banks are now erected a number of factories and mills. In the valley of this creek, are situated several handsome vil- lages, surrounded by rich and highly cultivated lands.
OWENSVILLE, p. o. Somers, Westchester co. Here are situated, on the Croton river, 1 paper mill, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 clothier's works, 1 tavern, 1 store, and 15 or 20 dwellings.
OXBOW, V. and p. o. Antwerp, Jefferson co. is situated on the'Os- wegatchie river, which here takes
-
314
OXBOW LAKE-OYSTER POND.
a great bend. It contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling hou- ses, 1 church, 2 taverns, 3 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and 1 pock- et furnace.
OXBOW LAKE, lying in the town of Lake Pleasant, Hamilton co. is a small but beautiful sheet of water; its waters abound with trout of a fine flavor. The outlet of this lake empties into Piseco lake, affording valuable water power.
OXFORD, t. Chenango co. situ- ated 10 miles south of the village of Norwich, and distant 118 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,179 inhabitants. The surface is rolling ; the soil is highly fertile and well cultivated. The Chenan- go river flows through this town, along the valley of which extends the Chenango canal. Oxford and South Oxford are post offices.
OXFORD, V. and p. o. Oxford, Chenango co. is handsomely situa- ted on both sides of the Chenango river. It was incorporated in 1808, and now contains about 1,300 in- habitants, 180 dwelling houses, an old and flourishing academy, in- corporated in 1794 ; 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Meth- odist and 1 Universalist church ; 4 hotels and taverns, 21 stores of dif- ferent kinds, 2 forwarding houses, 1 grist mill, 1 plaster mill, 1 iron foundery, 1 tannery, several car- riage manufactories, and 2 printing offices, besides many other kinds of mechanic work shops. The Chenango canal passes through the centre of this place, affording a water communication with the Erie canal at the city of Utica, on the north, and with the Susquehan- na river at Binghamton, on the south. Oxford is surrounded by a rich agricultural and grazing coun- try, abounding with fine horses, neat cattle and sheep; the products of the dairy here find a ready mar- ket, and are mostly re-shipped to the city of New-York.
OXFORDVILLE, p. o. Oxford, Chenango co.
OYSTER BAY, t. Queens co. situated 10 miles east of the North Hempstead court house, is a large town extending across Long Island from north to south ; it is distant 175 miles from Albany, and con- tained in 1840, 5,865 inhabitants. The surface on the north is some- what hilly, with loam and stony soil, while on the south it is level and sandy. On the north lies a large and important body of water, giving the name to this town; on the south it is watered by the Great. South bay.
OYSTER BAY, V. and p. o. Oyster Bay, Queens co. is very pleasantly situated at the head of Oyster Bay ; it contains about 400 inhabitants, 60 dwelling houses, 1 Baptist church, and 1 Friends' meeting house, an academy, 3 tav- erns, 4 stores and 1 grist mill. Here are owned several sloops tra- ding with the New-York market; steamboats also, occasionally run to this place during the summer months. Few places on Long Isl- and exceeds this village for beauty of location, and as a desirable place of residence ; it is also much resorted to by strangers during the summer months.
OYSTER BAY, is situated on the north side of Long Island, in the town of the same name ; it is an important and beautiful body of water, connected with Oyster Bay Harbor, and Cold Spring Harbor, all of which abound with wild fowl, shell and scale fish.
OYSTER POND, V. Southold, Suffolk co. is situated on Oyster Pond Harbor ; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 50 dwelling hous- es, 2 churches, several stores and mechanic shops, and convenient wharves. Here are owned several sloops and schooners, trading with the New-York market. Orient is the name of the post office.
315
PAGE'S CORNERS-PALISADES.
PAGE'S CORNERS, p. o. War -. | from Albany; contained in 1840, ren, Herkimer co.
PAINE'S HOLLOW, p. o. Ger- man Flats, Herkimer co.
PAINTED POST, t. Steuben co. situated 22 miles south-east of the village of Bath, and distant 210 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,674 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly; soil, gravelly loam, in the valleys and flats highly pro- ductive; watered by the Chemung river. In this town commences the navigable feeder of the Che- mung canal; it is crossed by the New-York and Erie railroad. Corning and East Painted Post are names of post offices. Centre- ville and Port Barton are names of settlements.
PAINTED POST, v. and p. o. Erwin, Steuben co. is situated at the junction of the Conhocton river with the Tioga, which united streams then take the name of the Chemung river ; it contains about 450 inhabitants, 60 dwelling hou- ses, 1 Presbyterian church; 1 ta- vern, 8 stores of different kinds ; 1 flouring mill, 1 saw mill, 1 plaster mill, 1 tannery and 1 brick kiln. The New-York and Erie railroad passes through this place ; also, several important roads here con- centrate, which render it an impor- tant point of trade. Here are two falls which afford a large amount of hydraulic power, but little of which is as yet occupied. There also stands in this village a painted post, on the spot where originally stood one erected by the Indians in memory of a distinguished chief who died here, this being a bury- ing ground for their dead. The above circumstance gives name to this place and an adjoining town. Three miles north of Painted Post, is a mineral spring of some cele- brity.
PALATINE, t. Montgomery co. situated 10 miles west of the village of Fonda, and distant 52 miles
2,823 inhabitants. The surface is hilly ; on the north side of the Mohawk river, is the promontory called "Anthony's Nose." The soil is mostly very fertile, and in some places exceedingly rich and » productive ; it is drained by Garo- ga creek, flowing into the Mo- hawk, which bounds it on the south. Palatine, Palatine Bridge and Stone Arabia are names of post offices. At the former are situa- ted 1 Lutheran church, 1 tavern, 1 store, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 plaster mill, 1 lead pipe factory, and 12 or 15 dwelling houses.
PALATINE BRIDGE, V. and p. o. Palatine, Montgomery co. is si- tuated on the north side of the Mo- hawk river, opposite the village of Canajoharie, with which it is con- nected by a bridge; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 church, 3 taverns, 3 stores and groceries. Here is si- tuated a stone quarry, from which are quarried a fine quality of build- ing stone.
PALERMO, t. Oswego co. situa- ted 15 miles south-east of the vil- lage of Oswego, and distant 162 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,928 inhabitants. The sur- face is undulating; soil, sandy loam; drained north by Catfish creek. Palermo is the name of a post office.
PALISADES, are a lofty range of precipitous rocks, extending along the west bank of the Hudson river for a distance of about 20 miles. At Fort Lee, in New-Jer- sey, they first approach the imme- diate margin of the river, varying from 300 to 500 feet in almost per- pendicular height, extending north to Piermont at the commencement of Tappan Bay. "The definition of a palisade is 'pales set out for an enclosure;' and these giant rocks stand, and will stand as long as the sea knows its bounds, and
316
PALMERTOWN MOUNTAIN-PARISH.
the earth keeps its foundation, to jas can be found on the line of the restrain on one side the majestic | Erie canal.
waters that are rolling onward to the ocean."
PALMERTOWN MOUNTAIN, is a range so called, commencing in the north-west part of Washing- ton county, and extending in a southerly direction between Lake Champlain and Lake George, through a part of Warren into Sa- ratoga county ; running parallel to the Kayaderosseras range. In Washington and Warren counties, they rise to a height of from 1,000 to 1,200 feet.
PALMYRA, t. Wayne co. situa- ted 12 miles west of the village of Lyons, and distant 196 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 3,549 inhabitants. The surface is gently undulating; soil, calcareous loam of good quality, well adapted to most kinds of grain; drained east by Mud creek. Palmyra and East Palmyra are names of post offices.
PALMYRA, V. and p. o. Palmy- ra, Wayne co. is situated on the Erie canal ; it was incorporated in 1828, and now contains about 2,000 inhabitants, 400 dwelling houses, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist and 1 Presbyterian church ; an incorporated academy ; 6 hotels and taverns, 18 dry goods stores, 3 hardware stores, 10 gro- cery stores, 3 drug stores, and 2 book stores; 1 steam grist mill, 1 furnace, 2 carriage manufactories, besides many other kinds of me- chanic shops. Palmyra is situated on an elevated and dry piece of ground, in the midst of a delight- ful wheat growing country. The main street is over one mile and a quarter in length, and at the upper and lower end of the street it touches the canal ; it is intersected by cross streets of ample width, many of which are ornamented by beautiful shade trees ; this being considered as handsome a village
PAMELIA, t. Jefferson co. si- tuated 4 miles north of the village of Watertown, and distant 168 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 2,104 inhabitants. The surface is mostly level ; soil, of good quality, and highly cultiva- ted; watered by Perch river on the north, and Black river on the south. Pamelia Four Corners is the name of a post office.
PANAMA, p. o. Harmony, Chautauque co.
PAPACTON RIVER, is the name given to the east branch of the Delaware ; it rises in the north part of Delaware county, and flows south-west, uniting with the Mo- hawks or west branch in the town of Hancock.
PARADOX, p. o. Schroon, Es- sex co.
PARADOX LAKE, lies in the town of Schroon, Essex co. It is 4 miles long, and from a half to one mile wide, and is surrounded by an interesting region of coun- try, abounding in numerous small lakes filled with trout and other fish.
PARIS, t. Oneida co. situated 8 miles south of the city of Utica, and distant 100 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,844 inhabi- tants. The surface is high and undulating; soil, sandy and cal- careous loam, mostly well culti- vated ; drained north by the Sada- quada creek, which is an important mill stream, and rises in the south part of this town. Paris, Paris Furnace, Paris Hill, Cassville and Sauquoit are names of post offices.
PARIS HILL, V. and p. o. Paris, Oneida co. is situated on elevated ground ; it contains about 150 in- habitants, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- copal and 1 Methodist church ; 2 taverns and 2 stores.
PARISH, t. Oswego co. situated
317
PARISH-PATTERSON.
22 miles east of the village of Os- wego, and distant 145 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,543 inhabitants. The surface is undu- lating; soil, sandy loam of good quality ; drained by Salmon creek and its tributaries.
PARISH, V. and p. o. Parish, Oswego co. is an agricultural set- tlement, containing about 150 in- habitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store, and 1 grist mill.
PARISHVILLE, t. St. Lawrence county, situated 15 miles east of the village of Canton, and distant 226 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,250 inhabitants. The surface is hilly on the south, and rolling on the north; soil, mostly warm sandy loam; well adapted to grass, corn and rye; watered by the St. Regis, Racket, Grass and Oswegatchie rivers, all of which traverse this town, which extends north and south about 40 miles. Parishville and Matildaville are names of post offices.
PARISHVILLE, v. and p. o. Parishville, St. Lawrence co. is situated on the St. Regis river; it contains about 300 inhabitants, 40 dwelling houses, 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church; I hotel, 3 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 2 clothier's works, 1 pocket furnace and 1 tannery.
PARMA, t. Monroe county, si- tuated 10 miles north-west of the city of Rochester, and distant 226 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,652 inhabitants. The sur- face is mostly level ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam; drained by Salmon and Little Salmon creeks, and other small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the north. Parma, and Par- ma Centre are names of post offi- ces. At the latter there is a small settlement.
PARMA, v. and p. o. Parma, Monroe co. is situated on the Ridge
road ; it contains about 200 inha - bitants, 30 dwelling houses, 2 churches, 2 taverns and 3 stores.
PARTRIDGE ISLAND, p. o. Hancock, Delaware co.
PATCHIN'S MILLS, p. o. Con- hocton, Steuben co.
PATCHOGUE, V. and p. o. Brookhaven, Suffolk co. is the most compact and populous settle- ment on the south side of Long Island, in the above county ; it contains about 500 inhabitants, 80 dwelling houses, 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church; 3 taverns, 5 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 paper mill, 2 cotton factories, 1 woollen fac- tory, 2 tanneries, and several minor mechanical establishments. The stream which passes through this village, affords an abundant supply of water power, capable of propel- ling much more machinery than it now does. It is a pleasant place, and from its being in the vicinity of the Great South Bay, it is much resorted to by strangers on account of the abundance and variety both of fish and fowl. It is distant 60 miles from New-York, and 55 from Sag Harbor, on the great thorough- fare through Long Island. Con- tiguous to the above place, extend- ing south to the bay, is a settlement called Blue Point.
PATTEN'S MILLS, p. o. Fort Ann, Washington co.
PATTERSON, t. Putnam co. situated 6 miles north-east of the village of Carmel, and distant 102 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,349 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly, with rich and fertile valleys ; the soil is generally good, and most of it well cultivated ; drained south by the Croton ri- ver. Patterson, Haviland's Hol- low and Towners are names of post offices.
PATTERSON, V. and p. o. Pat- terson, Putnam co. is situated on the Croton river ; it contains about 150 inhabitants, 25 dwelling hou-
318
PAULINIA-PEEKSKILL.
ses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episco- | tions. The soil, though not of the pal church ; an academy; 1 grist mill, 1 tavern and 2 stores.
PAULINIA, v. Hancock, Dela- ware co. is situated on a small creek, 2 miles north of the Dela- ware river ; it is an agricultural set- tlement, where are situated 1 store, I grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 stave machine, and some 12 or 15 dwel- ling houses.
PAVILION, t. Genesee co. si- tuated 12 miles south-east of the village of Batavia, and distant 232 miles from Albany. This is a new town erected on the division of the county in 1841; it formerly constituted a part of the town of Covington, which is now attached to Wyoming county. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay loam, well adapted to wheat ; drained north by Allen's creek.
PAVILION, V. and p. o. Pavi- lion, Genesee county, is situated on Allen's creek; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling hou- ses ; 1 Baptist and 1 Universalist church ; 1 tavern, 2 stores, and 1 clothier's works.
PAWLET RIVER, rises in Ver- mont, and flows west into Wash- ington co. thence north-west into Wood creek, which falls into Lake Champlain. On this stream are situated several villages, and ma- nufacturing establishments.
PAWLINGS, t. Dutchess co. si- tuated 20 miles south-east of the village of Poughkeepsie, and dis- tant 95 miles from Albany; con- tained in 1840, 1,571 inhabitants. It is somewhat hilly, with an ex- tensive valley extending from north to south; the Fishkill mountains enter this town from the south-west and run north. In this town is found iron ore of a good quality. It also has several small lakes and large swamps, being the head source of the Croton river and Swamp creek, which streams pur- sue diametrically opposite direc-
best quality, repays the husband- man when well cultivated. Paw- lings, Pawlingsville and Quaker Hill are names of post offices. At both of the former there is a small settlement.
PAYNESVILLE, p. o. Lysander, Onondaga co.
PECKVILLE, p. o. Fishkill, Dutchess co.
PECONIC BAY, GREAT, lies on the east end of Long Island, being separated from Gardiner's Bay by Shelter Island; it is 14 miles long and from 4 to 5 miles wide, showing a large expanse of water. Robbins' Island is situated near its centre ; there are also se- veral projecting necks and indent- ations on its sides. Great Hog Neck separates it from Southold Harbor, and Little Peconic Bay extends inland some 4 or 5 miles ; on the head of which is situated the village of River-Head, the seat of justice for the county of Suf- folk, to which there is sloop navi- gation.
PECONIC RIVER, rises in the town of Brookhaven, Suffolk co. and flows east into Little Peconic Bay, which communicates with Great Peconic Bay.
PEEKSKILL, v. and p. o. Cortland, Westchester co. is situ- ated on the east side of the Hudson river, 46 miles north of the city of New-York; it was in- corporated in 1827, and now con- tains about 2,000 inhabitants, 250 dwelling houses, 1 bank, 8 church- es of different denominations ; 6 hotels and public houses ; 30 stores, 2 tanneries and 6 iron foun- deries, some of which are very extensive, and manufacture large quantities of stoves and plough castings. There are owned in this village 1 steamboat, engaged in transporting passengers and pro- duce ; 6 sloops, besides a steam- boat which runs daily to and from
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