USA > New York > A gazetteer of the state of New York: comprising its topography, geology, mineral resources, civil divisions, canals, railroads and public institutions; together with general statistics; the whole alphabetically arranged. Also statistical tables of distances with a new township map of the state > Part 11
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59
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83
BLACKWELL'S ISLAND-BLOOMINGDALE.
ship yard, a marine floating dock of "Thomas' Patent," I rope walk, 1 clothier's works and card- ing machine and 2 turning shops, together with various other manu- facturing establishments. The wa-
BLAUVELTVILLE, p. o. O- rangetown, Rockland co.
BLEECKER, t. Fulton co. si- tuated 10 miles north of the vil- lage of Johnstown, and distant 55 miles from Albany; contained in ter power at this place, which is fur- 1840, 346 inhabitants. Surface nished by means of the State Pier, hilly and mountainous, mostly co- is immense. In a business point vered with timber of a large growth; it contains Fish and Caro- ga lakes, and some smaller bodies of water, and is drained by Caroga of view, Black Rock is more pro- perly a continuation of the city of Buffalo, of which it forms an inte- gral part ; being connected by two creek and some tributaries of the railroads, and having a spacious Sacondaga river. Bleecker is the and commodious harbor on the name of a post office.
Niagara, and possessing an almost
BLENHEIM, t. Schoharie co. si- unlimited water power, which is tuated 18 miles south-east of the drawn through the harbor directly village of Schoharie, and distant from Lake Erie; it is capable of an 53 miles from Albany; contained indefinite application to milling in 1840, 2,725 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and mountainous, Mineral Hill, a mass of red sand stone, some hundred feet thick, -- and the Bear's Ladder, composed of globular masses of graywacke, are geological curiosities. The rock supplies an excellent materi-
and manufacturing purposes. The inner harbor is formed by a sub- stantial stone pier or mole, con- structed by the State of New-York, for the double purpose of creating a safe and convenient basin for the transaction of the lake and canal , commerce, and securing to the al for grindstones and hones; there Erie canal an abundant supply of is here also, an extensive slate water, eastward to Montezuma,
quarry; it is drained by Schoharie nearly half its entire length. This creek and some of its tributaries. Blenheim and North Blenheim are names of post offices. At the for- mer are situated 2 churches, 2 ta- verns, 2 stores and 20 or 25 dwell- ing's.
pier is built in the channel of the river upwards of a mile in length, and is an average width of 50 feet at its base, and 30 feet on the sur- face ; erected at an expense of $300,000. It can be approached on either side by steam and sail vessels and canal boats. A steam ferry boat here plies across the Niagara, to Waterloo, Canada. The Buffalo and Niagara Falls rail -. road also passes through this place.
BLACKWELL'S ISLAND, lies in the East river, distant 4 miles | from the City Hall, and belongs to the city of New-York; it is 13-4 Dutch Reformed and 1 Associate
miles long, and quite narrow. On it are situated the City Peniten- tiary and the Lunatic Asylum, two massive stone buildings; the latter constructed in a most beautiful style of architecture.
-
BLOODY POND. See Caldwell. BLOOMFIELD CENTRE, p. O. West Bloomfield, Ontario co.
BLOOMINGBURGH, V. and p. 0. Mamakating, Sullivan co. is si- tuated on the Newburgh and Co- checton turnpike, 23} miles west of Newburgh; it was incorporated in 1833, and now contains about 500 inhabitants, 80 dwelling houses, 1
Reformed church, an incorporated academy, 4 taverns, 5 stores and 1 tannery. This is a pleasant vil- lage, surrounded by a rich agricul- tural region of country.
BLOOMINGDALE, situated on
84
BLOOMING GROVE-BOREAS RIVER.
New-York Island, 5 miles north of the City Hall, is pleasantly situ- ated on the east bank of the Hud- son. Here is located the Orphan Asylum, a beautiful building, sur- rounded by cultivated grounds : also, a number of splendid coun- try residences.
BLOOMING GROVE, t. Orange co. situated 12 miles from the vil- lage of Newburgh, and distant 100 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,396 inhabitants. The sur- face is undulating and in part hilly, the Scunnemunk mountain, part of the "Highlands," covering the south-eastern parts ; soil mostly clay and sandy loam, and highly productive; it is watered by Mur- derer's creek and its tributaries. Blooming Grove, Craigville and Salisbury Mills are names of post offices: the former is situated in the village of Washingtonville.
BLOOMVILLE, V. and p. o. Kortright, Delaware co. is situated on the west branch of the Dela- ware river; it contains about 150 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 Methodist church, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and 1 ashery.
BLUFF ISLAND, lies in the St. Lawrence river, and is attached to the town of Hammond, St. Law- rence co.
BLUFF POINT. See Crooked Lake.
BOLIVAR, t. Allegany co. situ- ated 15 miles south-east of the vil- lage of Angelica, and distant 275 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 408 inhabitants. The sur- face is high and undulating; soil, sandy loam; it is drained by seve- ral small creeks. Bolivar is the name of a post office, where is si- tuated a small settlement.
and mountainous, and the soil of indifferent quality, but heavily tim- bered. It is bounded on the east by Lake George; there are also se- veral small lakes in the inte- rior, abounding in fine trout and other fish; it is watered by the Schroon branch of the Hudson ri- ver on the west. Bolton is the name of a post office, where is a small settlement.
BOMBAY, t. Franklin co. situat- ed lõ miles north-east of the vil- lage of Malone, and distant 226 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,446 inhabitants. Surface mostly level, and is watered by the Little Salmon and the St. Regis ri- vers. In this town is a reservation for the St. Regis Indians, and an Indian settlement on the north boundary, which extends to the St. Lawrence and the Canada line. Bombay and Hogansburgh are the names of post offices; at the for- mer there is a settlement consisting of 1 church, 2 taverns, 4 stores and 20 or 30 dwellings.
BOONVILLE, t. Oneida co. situ- ated 23 miles north of the city of Utica, and distant 110 from Alba- ny; contained in 1840, 5,516 in- habitants. The surface is hilly, mostly susceptible of cultivation; soil, clay loam, on lime ; it is drain- ed by Black river and the head waters of the Mohawk. Boonville and Alder Creek are names of post offices.
BOONVILLE, V. and p. o. Boon- ville, Oneida co. is situated on the line of the Black River canal, 31 miles north of the city of Utica; it contains about 600 inhabitants, 80 dwelling houses, 2 churches, 3 ta- verns, 5 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 tannery and a clothier's works, situated on Mill creek, which empties into Black river three miles north-east of the vil- lage.
BOLTON, t. Warren co. situated 10 miles north of the village of Caldwell, and distant 72 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 937 in- BOREAS RIVER, rises in Essex habitants. The surface is hilly | co. and flows south into the Hud-
85
BORODINA-BRANCH BROOK
son river; this being one of its | into the Mohawk river, near the head branches.
BORODINA, p. o. Spafford, On- ondaga co.
BOSTON, t. Erie co. situated 18 miles south-east of the city of Buf- falu, and distant 289 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,745 inhabitants. The surface is undu- lating; soil, clay and gravelly loam of good quality; it is drained by Cauquaga creek and some other small streams. Boston and North Boston are names of post offices.
BOSTON, V. and p. o. is situated on Cauquaga creek; it contains about 500 inhabitants, 75 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Bap- tist church, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 2 grist mills, 2 saw mills and 1 card- ing and clothing mill.
BOUCKVILLE, p. o. Madison, Madison co .; here is situated 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store, and a few dwellings.
BOUQUET, V. Essex, Essex co. is situated on both sides of the Bouquet river, 22 miles west of the village of Essex; it contains about 400 inhabitants, 50 dwelling hous- es, 1 tavern, 1 store, 1 woollen fac- tory, 1 iron rolling mill and nail factory, 1 stone grist mill and 1 saw mill.
BOUQUET RIVER, rises in the town of Keene, Essex co. and flows easterly into Lake Cham- plain; length, 45 miles, affording many fine mill privileges.
BOVINA, t. Delaware co. situat- ed 10 miles east of the village of Delhi, and distant 69 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,403 inhabitants. The surface is hilly ; soil sandy loam, suitable for graz- ing ; it is drained by Little Dela- ware river. Bovina, Bovina Cen- tre and Fish Lake are names of post offices.
BOVINA CENTRE, p. o. Bovi- na, Delaware co.
BOWMAN'S CREEK, rises in Schoharie county, and flows north
village of Canajoharie.
BOYDSVILLE, p. o. Kent, Put- nam co.
BOYLSTON, t. Oswego co. situ- ated 10 miles north-east from the village of Pulaski, and distant 140 from Albany ; contained in 1840, 481 inhabitants. The surface is hilly and in parts stony ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam and productive; drained by Little Sandy and Trout creeks. Boylston is the name of a post office.
BOZAKILL, rises in Schenecta- dy co. and flows east into Albany co. where it falls into the Nor- man's Kill.
BRACKABEEN, p. o. Fulton, Schoharie co. Here are located 1 Dutch Reformed church, 1 tavern, 3 stores, 2 grist mills, 1 saw mill, 1 tannery, and 12 or 15 dwel- lings.
BRADDOCK'S BAY, situated in the county of Monroe, is a small body of water communicating with Lake Ontario.
BRADFORD, t. Steuben co. si- tuated 12 miles east of the village of Bath, and distant 204 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,547 inhabitants. The surface is une- ven, yet having much arable land of good quality ; it is drained by Mud creek and its tributaries. Jersey is the name of a post office; where is a settlement of some size.
BRAINARD'S BRIDGE, V. Nas- sau, Rensselaer co. is situated on Kinderhook creek ; it contains 1 . Methodist church, 2 taverns, 1 store, 1 cotton factory, 40 dwelling houses, and about 200 inhabitants.
BRAMAN'S CORNERS, p. O. Duanesburgh, Schenectady co.
BRANCH, V. Smithtown, Suffolk co. is situated on the north post road; it contains 1 Presbyterian church, 1 tavern, 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwelling houses.
BRANCH BROOK, rises in the town of Smithtown, Suffolk co. and
86
BRANCHPORT-BRIDGEVILLE.
runs west for 4 or 5 miles ; it then turns towards the north and empties into Nesaquake river, or Smith- town harbor. The tide flows up the latter stream for several miles.
BRANCHPORT, V. and p. o. Je- rusalem, Yates co. is situated on the west branch of Crooked Lake ; it contains about 125 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 1 tavern, 3 stores, 2 warehouses, and 1 ashery.
BRANDON, t. Franklin co. is situated 10 miles south-west of the village of Malone, and distant 215 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 531 inhabitants. This is a large town, rough, wild and thinly · inhabited; covered with almost unexplored forests, and dotted with numerous lakes on the southern extremity ; it is drained by the Saranac river on the east, and by the St. Regis and Racket rivers on the west. Brandon is the name of the post office, where is a small settlement.
BRANDT, t. Erie co. situated 20 miles south of the city of Buffa- lo, and distant 300 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 1,088 inhabitants. The surface is hilly ; soil, moist clay and gravelly loam, producing good crops of grass and grain. On the west it is bounded by Lake Erie, and on the south in part by Cattaraugus creek. Brandt is the name of a post office.
BRANT LAKE, is a small body of water lying in the town of Hori- con, Warren county ; it is sur- rounded by wild and romantic scenery, and abounds in fine trout ; emptying its waters into the Schroon branch of the Hudson. Deer and other wild game are found on its borders, being sur- rounded by a large growth of pine, hemlock and spruce.
BRANTINGHAM, p. o. Greig, Lewis county.
BRASHER, t. St. Lawrence co. situated 30 miles north-east of the | tensive tannery.
village of Canton, and distant 250 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,118 inhabitants. The sur- face is rolling ; soil, sandy loam, but much of it swampy, abounding with bog ore, and a large growth of timber. It is watered by the St. Regis and Deer rivers. Helena is the name of a post office, where is a settlement, possessing fine wa- ter power.
BRASHER'S FALLS IRON WORKS, Brasher, St. Lawrence co. are situated on Deer river, where there are falls and rapids, which afford a great hydraulic power; here is located a small manufacturing settlement.
BREACKNECK HILL, a high precipitous eminence close on the margin of the Hudson, at its north entrance into the " Highlands," on the east side of the river ; it is re- markable as containing the rock called the upper Anthony's Nose. Its altitude is 1,187 feet.
BREWERTON, V. and p. o. Ci- cero, Onondaga county ; contains about 300 inhabitants, 40 dwelling houses, 2 taverns and 1 store ; here is a toll bridge over the Oneida river, on the opposite side of which is an old French fort, the remains of which are still visible.
BRIDGEHAMPTON, V. and p. o. Southampton, Suffolk co. is an agricultural settlement ; consisting of 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store, 2 windmills and 15 or 20 dwellings.
BRIDGEPORT, p. o. Sullivan, Madison county.
BRIDGEPORT, V. Seneca Falls, Seneca co. is situated on Cayuga Lake, at the west end of Cayuga Bridge ; it contains 2 taverns, 1 store and some 20 or 30 dwel- lings.
BRIDGEVILLE, V. and p. o. Thompson, Sullivan co. is situated on the Neversink river ; it contains about 125 inhabitants, 20 dwelling houses, 1 tavern, 1 store and 1 ex-
87
BRIDEGEWATER-BROOKFIELD.
BRIDGEWATER, t. Oneida co. situated 15 miles south of the city of Utica, and distant 81 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,418 inhabitants. The surface is hilly, and on the west much broken, yet furnishing excellent pasturage, and some parts good grain land ; it is drained by the Unadilla river, which rises in this town.
BRIDGEWATER, V. and p. o. Bridgewater, Oneida co. is situated on the Cherry Valley turnpike, and on the west branch of the Unadilla river; it contains about 350 inha- bitants, 50 dwelling houses, 3 churches, 2 taverns and 4 stores. Two lines of daily stages, running north and south, and east and west, pass through this place.
BRIGHTON, t. Monroe co. situ- ated 3 miles east of the city of Rochester, and distant 216 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,336 inhabitants. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, on the north sandy and gravelly loam, and on the south clay loam ; it is watered by the Genesee river and a few small streams which flow in- to Irondequot bay.
BRIGHTON, V. and p. o. Brigh- ton, Monroe co. is situated on the Erie canal; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 church, 2 taverns and 1 store.
BRISTOL, t. Ontario co. situat- ed 9 miles south-west of the vil- lage of Canandaigua, and distant 203 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,953 inhabitants. . The surface is mostly ridgy, underlaid with lime ; soil various, in part very productive; it is watered by Mud creek. Bristol, Bristol Cen- tre, and South Bristol, are names of post offices. At the former there is a small settlement.
BRISTOL CENTRE, p. o. Bris- tol, Ontario co .; here is a small set- tlement, and an inflammable spring.
BRISTOL GLASS WORKS, Woodstock, Ulster co .; here is
situated, on the Sawkill, a cylin- der glass works, an old and exten- sive establishment; 1 grist mill, and about 20 dwellings.
BRISTOL LANDING, see Malden.
BROADALBIN, t. Fulton co. situated 15 miles east of the vil- lage of Johnstown, and distant from Albany 47 miles; contained in 1840, 2,738 inhabitants. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, stiff gravelly loam; better adapted to grass than grain; it is drained by several small streams. Broad- albin, Fonda's Bush, Mill's Cor- ners, South Broadalbin, Union Mills, and West Galway Church, are names of post offices.
BROCKETT'S BRIDGE, P. o. Oppenheim, Fulton co.
BROCKPORT, V. and p. o. Swe . den, Monroe co. is handsomely situated on the Erie canal ; it was incorporated in 1829, and now con- tains about 2,000 inhabitants, 300 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church; a college building now used as an academy; 3 taverns, 17 stores and groceries ; 1 flouring mill, 1 saw mill, 1 furnace, 1 carding machine and a chair and cabinet factory, all propelled by steam power; also, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery and a carriage manufactory.
BRONX, p. o. Eastchester, West- chester county.
BRONX RIVER, rises in West- chester county, and empties into the East river opposite Flushing bay ; it is 25 miles long.
BROOKFIELD, t. Madison co. situated 20 miles south-east of Morrisville, and distant 83 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 3,695 inhabitants. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam ; it is watered by the Unadilla river and some of its tributaries. Brook- field, Leonardsville, and North Brookfield, are names of post of- fices. The former is situated in the village of Clarksville.
.
88
BROOKFIELD-BROOKLYN.
BROOKFIELD, V. Minisink, Jed a new city hall of marble, of Orange co. contains about 150 in- habitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 church, 2 taverns, 3 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, and 1 tannery. Slatehill post office is located in this village.
BROOKHAVEN, t. Suffolk co. situated 15 miles west of the vil- lage of Riverhead, and 70 east of the city of New-York, is dis- tant from Albany 215 miles, and contained in 1840, 7,050 inhabi- tants. This is one of the largest towns in the state, comprehending the islands opposite it in South Bay, and extending across the main island to Long Island sound. It is mostly level and in some parts sandy; the soil varies from a stiff black mould to a pure white sand ; it is drained by Connecticut brook and some other small streams, while numerous bays and indenta- tions water it on the north and south, abounding with fish and fowl of great variety. Bellport, Corun, Fireplace, Middle Island, Miller's Place, Moriches, New Village, Patchogue, Port Jefferson, Setau- ket and Stony Brook, are names of post offices.
BROOKLYN CITY, Kings co. is advantageously situated on the west end of Long Island, opposite the city of New-York, 146 miles south of the city of Albany. It was chartered in 1834, and is di- vided into 9 wards ; being govern- ed by a mayor and common coun- cil, who are elected annually by the people. In 1840, it contained 36,233 inhabitants, being next in size in the state, to the city of New-York, with which it is close- ly allied in trade, commerce, and social life ; this being the favorite residence of many transacting bu- siness in the above city, with which it is connected by four steam fer- ries, on which commodious boats are constantly plying, day and night. Here is about being erect-
the most durable and beautiful style of architecture ; a jail, con- structed of free stone in the Gothic style; a county clerk's office ; the city buildings, now used for city courts and public offices ; a lyce- um building, elegantly constructed of granite, in which are deposited the Apprentices' Library, City Li- brary, and Hamilton Library ; 4 public markets; 7 Presbyterian, 7 Episcopal, 3 Reformed Dutch, 2 Baptist, 7 Methodist, 2 Roman Ca- tholic, and 2 Unitarian churches, and 1 Friends' meeting house; 3 banking houses and 1 Savings Bank ; 2 insurance offices ; 15 ho- tels and taverns ; 4 or 500 stores of different kinds ; besides a large number of warehouses; 2 incor- porated white lead companies, ma- nufacturing about 3,000 tons of white lead annually; 5 extensive distilleries, capable of using 600,- 000 bushels of grain annually ; 5 rectifying distilleries ; 1 brewery, 3 steam engine manufactories, one of which is very extensive; 2 ma -- chine shops, 1 iron railing manu- factory ; 2 iron foundries, 2 steam planing and sawing mills, 1 ship yard, 2 tide grist mills, 1 plaster mill, 1 bone mill, 2 floor cloth manufactories, 3 rope walks, 1 tannery, 3 turpentine distilleries, 1 lime factory, I vinegar manufac- tory, 1 fur dressing establishment, 1 galvanizing works, which ren- ders tin and iron impervious to air and water; 4 lumber yards, 5 coal yards, 6 stone cutting yards, 2 marble yards; and 2 fresh water tanks, or extensive wells, with re- servoirs, for supplying shipping in the harbor of New-York with pure water. Here is being constructed, by the "Atlantic Dock Company," an extensive basin, called the At- lantic Basin ; the outside pier is to be 3,000 feet front, facing But- termilk channel, and is calculated to be of sufficient depth, by exca-
89
BROOKLYN.
vation, to accommodate the largest | riages, spars, boats, &c .; offices class of steam ships and merchant vessels ; large warehouses are also to be erected, for the accom- modation of the commerce of the port of New-York. The Colonade Garden, on Brooklyn Heights, is a fashionable and delightful place of resort, overlooking the harbor and city of New-York ; which, from this point, presents one of the most interesting views of the kind to be seen in this or any other country. The Long Island rail- road, which is finished for a dis- tance of 47 miles, and is calcula- ted to extend to Greenport, a further distance of 46 miles, com- mences at the south ferry, in Brooklyn. In addition to rail- road cars, stages also leave daily for several places on Long Island.
Greenwood Cemetery, located in the eighth ward of Brooklyn, is under the direction of an incorpo- rated trust company, who have appropriated 200 acres of land for a rural cemetery, under the above name ; and they have already com- menced improving and embellish- ing the grounds in the most appropriate manner. Its situation is admirably selected among the hills and valleys, in the rear of Gowanus ; from the most elevated parts the view is grand and sub- lime, overlooking the cities of Brooklyn and New-York, the bay of New-York, and the Atlantic ocean.
The United States Navy Yard, situated in Brooklyn, on the Wal- labout Bay, covers about 40 acres of land, enclosed by a brick wall on the land side ; it was purchased by the United States government in 1801, and now contains 2 large ship houses, in which are two fri- gates of the first class ; 7 extensive timber sheds, constructed of brick, for the preservation of timber; se- veral workshops used for making sails, rigging, blocks, gun car-
for the heads of departments, and a number of extensive store houses. The United States Naval Ly- ceum, a flourishing institution, founded in 1833, by officers of the navy, is also located here ; it con- tains a valuable library, and a choice museum, formed principally by donations from its members, among whom are many distin guished naval and military officers and civilians of distinction, both Americans and foreigners. With- in half a mile of the Navy Yard, on the east, stands the Naval Hos- pital, on a commanding eminence, surrounded by cultivated grounds, consisting of 33 acres. There is also in the vicinity temporary bar- racks, used by the marine corps. There are generally lying at the Navy Yard dock, vessels of war of different classes, in ordinary or repairing, from the largest line of battle ship to the smaller class. The New-York Navy Yard and Station, is at present commanded by Commodore M. C. Perry, at- tached to which are other officers, sailors, marines, and mechanics. A new Dry Dock will be com- menced soon at the Navy Yard, and probably completed within five years, at an estimated expenditure of twelve hundred thousand dollars.
At the Wallabout, near the Na- vy Yard, are interred the remains of about eleven thousand American citizens and soldiers, who perished in the English Prison Ships, stationed in the bay, during the re- volutionary war; owing to bad pro- visions, bad water and confined apartments, without medical at- tendance, disease reigned unre- lieved, and hundreds died from pestilence, or were starved on board these floating prisons. This town also had a full share of mili- tary operations during the revolu- tion ; it is covered with the remains of fortifications, which were thrown
90
BROOK'S GROVE-BROTHER'S ISLANDS.
up by the Americans and English, | from Maryland, were met by a su- for their defence against each perior British force, and cut off, nearly all of whom lost their lives. BROOK'S GROVE, p. o. Mount Morris, Livingston county. other. On the 27th of August, 1776, here occurred one of the most san- guinary battles and disastrous de- feats of the Americans on record ; BROOKVILLE, p. o. Alexander, Genesee, co .; here is a small set- tlement, situated on the Tonawanda creek. on their retreat, in attempting to ford the tide mill pond at Gowanus, nearly the whole of a regiment
BROOME COUNTY, taken from Tioga in 1806, is centrally distant 140 miles southwest from the city of Albany ; and 180 miles north- west of the city of New-York ; it is bounded on the south by the Penn- sylvania State line, west by Tioga county, north by Cortland and Chenango counties, and on the east by Delaware county. The surface of this county, although broken and hilly, is mostly susceptible of cul- tivation. The soil is generally better adapted to grazing than the raising of grain; the valleys, however, bordering the numerous streams are extensive and fertile. The mineralogical productions are very limited; several sulphur springs, and one or two salt springs, make up the entire catalogue. Nanticoke creek is the principal stream that belongs to this county, in addition to the Susquehannah river, Chenango river and Tioughnioga river, all of which flow through it. The Susquehannah river which rises in Otsego county, runs through the eastern part of this county, thence into Pennsylvania, and forms the "Great Bend;" it then re- enters the county about ten miles west, and unites with the Chenango river at the village of Binghamton ; thence the united streams flow westerly into Tioga county. The whole of this section of the river is boatable ; large quantities of lumber being annually floated to the Chesapeake bay from this vicinity. The county contains an area of 627 square miles, or 401,400 acres. The Chenango canal, which con- nects with the Erie canal at Utica, terminates at Binghamton, and the New-York and Erie railroad passes through this county from east to west. The county buildings are located in the village of Binghamton, in the town of Chenango. The following are the names of towns in Broome county, with the population in 1840 :
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