USA > New York > A gazetteer of the state of New York: comprising its topography, geology, mineral resources, civil divisions, canals, railroads and public institutions; together with general statistics; the whole alphabetically arranged. Also statistical tables of distances with a new township map of the state > Part 51
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STONY BROOK, V. and p. o. Brookhaven, Suffolk co. is situated on the north side of Long Island, where is a fine harbor, accessible at all seasons of the year. It con- tains about 400 inhabitants, 60 dwelling houses, 1 Methodist church, 1 tavern and a few stores, 1 grist mill, 1 fulling and cloth dressing works, and a large piano forte manufactory. Ship building has been and is still carried on ex- tensively here, giving employment to a number of mechanics.
STONY ISLAND, lies at the foot of Lake Ontario, and is attached to the town of Henderson, Jefferson co. It is 3 miles long and about 1 mile wide.
STORMVILLE, p. o. Fishkill, Dutchess co.
STOW'S SQUARE, p. o. Low- ville, Lewis co.
STRATFORD, t. Fulton co. situ- ated 15 miles north-west of the vil- lage of Johnstown, and distant 60 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 500 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ;- soil, mostly of indifferent quality, with some portions adapted to gra- zing ; drained south by East Cana- da creek and its tributaries. Strat- ford is the name of a post of- fice.
STRAWBERRY ISLAND, lies in the Niagara river, about a mile below Black Rock ; it contains 100 acres of low ground, covered with long and coarse grass and a few trees. It is a great resort for sports- men in certain seasons, when wild ducks are plenty, and affords fine fishing grounds.
STRYKERSVILLE, V. Broome, Schoharie co. contains 2 taverns, 1 store, 3 tanneries and 15 or 20 dwelling houses.
STRYKERSVILLE, V. and p. o. Sheldon, Wyoming co. is situated on Buffalo creek ; it contains about 200 inhabitants, 30 dwelling hou- ses, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 taverns, 2 stores, 1 flour- ing mill, 1 saw mill, 1 tannery and 1 ashery.
STUYVESANT, t. Columbia co. situated 12 miles north of the city of Hudson, and distant IS miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,779 inhabitants. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay, gravel and loam, of a good quality ; watered by the Hudson river which bounds it on the west. Stuyvesant and Stuyve- sant Falls, are post offices.
STUYVESANT, V. and p. 0 Stuyvesant, Columbia co. is situa- ted on the east side of the Hudson river, 18 miles below the city of Albany ; this place was formerly known as Kinderhook Landing ; here are situated 1 church, 1 ta- vern, 10 or 12 stores and store- houses, and about 50 dwellings .- A steamboat and freight barges, together with several sloops, are owned at this place, doing an ex- tensive business in freighting pro- duce and merchandise to and from the New-York market.
STUYVESANT FALLS, P. O. Stuyvesant, Columbia co. is a manufacturing village, situated on Kinderhook creek ; it contains 2 cotton factories, 1 woollen factory, 1 grist mill, 2 saw mills, 1 paper mill, 2 taverns, 3 stores and about
388
SUCCESS-SULLIVAN.
40 dwellings. The water power still unoccupied at this place, is ca- ble of propelling a large amount of machinery.
SUCCESS, p. o. Riverhead, Suf- folk co.
SUCCESS POND. See Lake- ville.
SUFFOLK COUNTY, originally organized in 1683, is centrally distant 65 miles east of the city of New-York, and 175 miles east of south from Albany ; it is bounded on the north by Long Island Sound, east and south by the Atlantic ocean, and west by Queens county. The surface of this county is mostly level ; on the north, however, adjoin- ing Long Island sound, the land is considerably broken and hilly .- The soil is either sand or sandy loam, easily worked and productive when well tilled ; extensive salt meadows border the numerous bays and creeks, yielding large quantities of salt hay. There are several islands adjoining this part of Long Island, which are attached to and form a part of this county; the largest are Shelter island, Gardiner's island and Fisher's island. The Peconic river and some other small streams drain this county, which is mostly surrounded by the waters of the Atlantic. In minerals, it is rather deficient; hematic iron ore is found, but not in large quantities. Salt is manufactured in some places, by the exposure of sea water in shallow vats to the sun and wind. The Long Island railroad, when completed, will run on the north side of this county from east to west. Its area is about 973 square miles, or 626,000 acres.
The following are the names of the towns in Suffolk county, with the population in 1840.
Brookhaven, 7,050 - Smithtown, . 1,932
Easthampton,
2,076
Huntington, 6,562
Islip, ....
1,909
RIVERHEAD, .
2,449
Shelter Island, 379
SUFFOLK, C. H. p. o. River- head, Suffolk co. is located in the village of Riverhead.
SUGAR HILL, p. o. Orange, Steuben co.
Southampton, 6,205
Southold, 3,907.
Total inhabitants,.
32,469
SUGAR LOAF, V. and p. o. Go- shen and Warwick, Orange co. contains about 140 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 church, 2 ta- verns and 3 stores.
SULLIVAN COUNTY, taken from Ulster in 1809, is centrally dis- tant 100 miles south-west of the city of Albany ; it is bounded on the north by Delaware and Ulster counties, east by Ulster and Orange, south and south-west by Orange county and the Delaware river, which separates it from Pennsylvania. A large portion of the surface of this county is hilly and mountainous; the Shawangunk mountain lies on its eastern limits, and detached hills and mountains are scattered over the northern and western parts. The soil is as various as the surface ; there are many fine fertile valleys, and much of the uplands are well adapted to grazing. The timber consists principally of pine, hemlock, beech, maple and linden. Although the number of minerals in this county are not large, there has recently been opened in the vicinity of Wurtzboro, on the line of the Delaware and Hudson canal, a mine of lead ore ; large quantities of this ore have been raised, and the difficulties which attend- ed the reduction of it have been overcome. The Delaware river waters it on the south-west, into which flow the Neversink and
389
SULLIVAN-SWEDEN.
Mongoup rivers, besides several other streams of less size ; there are also several small lakes scattered over the county. The Delaware and Hudson canal and the New-York and Erie railroad, both traverse this county. The county buildings are located in the village of Monticello, in the town of Thompson. Its area is about 919 square miles, or 587,- 000 acres.
The following are the names of the towns in Sullivan county, with the population in 1840.
Bethel,
Cochecton, .
622
Fallsburgh, 1,782
Forrestburgh, 433
Liberty, . 1,569
Lumberland, . 1,205
SULLIVAN, t. Madison co. situ- ted 18 miles north-west of the vil- lage of Morrisville, and distant 129 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 4,390 inhabitants. The sur- face is level on the north and un- dulating on the south ; soil, mostly very fertile, consisting of alluvion on the north ; drained by Canase- raga and Chittenango creeks flow- into Oneida lake, which bounds it on the north. Sullivan, Bridgeport, Chittenango, Joslin's Corners and New Boston, are names of post offices.
SULLIVAN, V. and p. o. Sulli- van, Madison co. is situated on the Canaseraga creek; it was incorpo- rated in 1823, but no attention is now paid to its act of incorpora- tion ; it contains about 150 inhabi- tants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 Free church, 1 tavern, 1 store, 1 grist mill and 1 fanning mill. This place is sometimes called Canase- raga.
SUMMER HILL, t. Cayuga co. situated 24 miles south-east of the village of Auburn, and distant 147 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,446 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, clay loam of medium quality ; drained south by the head branches of Fall creek .- Summer Hill, is the name of a post office.
SUMMER VALLEY, p. o. Bel- fast, Allegany co.
1,483 | Mamakating, 3,418
Neversink,
1,681
Rockland, 826
THOMPSON, 2,610
Total inhabitants, 15,629
SUMMIT, t. Schoharie co. situ- ated 16 miles south-west of the vil- lage of Schoharie, and distant 52 miles from Albany; contained in 1840, 2,010 inhabitants. The sur- face is high and hilly, comprising the highest land in the county ;- soil, sandy loam, well adapted to grass ; drained west by Charlotte river and east by tributaries of the Schoharie creek. Summit and Charlotteville are names of post offices.
SUSQUEHANNA, p. o. Coles- ville, Broome co.
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, ri- ses in Otsego co. and passes in a circuitous direction, through the counties of Chenango, Broome and Tioga, thence into the state of Pennsylvania. It extends through a part of Maryland, emptying its wa- ters into the Chesapeake Bay at Havre de Grace. This is a large and rapid stream, affording on its upper waters, an immense amount of available hydraulic power; it is also extensively used for floating lumber and produce to market, and is navigable for small steamboats and other craft, for a considerable distance ; its entire length is about 450 miles.
SWEDEN, t. Monroe co. situa- ted 15 miles west of the city of Ro- chester, and distant 241 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,884 inhabitants. The surface is undu-
390
SYRACUSE-TAGHKANIC MOUNTAINS.
lating ; soil, moist argillaceous loam, well adapted to grass, grain and fruit; drained north by Salmon creek. Sweden and Brockport are names of post offices.
SYRACUSE, V. and p. o. Salina, Onondaga co. is situated on the line of the Erie canal, where it unites with the Oswego canal, one and a half miles south of Onondago lake. It was incorporated in 1825, and now contains about 6,500 inhabi- tants, 800 dwelling houses, 6 churches of different denomina- tions, 10 hotels and taverns, an in- corporated academy, 2 banking houses, a court house and jail and county clerk's office, 130 stores of different kinds, 2 large flouring mills, 1 saw mill, 1 plaster mill, and 1 machine shop situated on Onondaga creek, and a flouring mill propelled by the surplus wa- ters of the Erie canal; 3 extensive iron founderies, and 2 machine shops and 1 tannery, all the latter employing steam power ; there are also numerous mechanic shops of different kinds, giving employment to a great number of persons, this being a busy and thriving place of business. Syracuse and its vicini- ty, is celebrated for the immense quantity of fine salt which is annu- ally made from the brine springs, located in the town of Salina. In 1840, a new salt spring of great strength, was discovered by boring to a depth of 265 feet, within the incorporated limits of Syracuse, from which large quantities of salt are now manufactured ; thirty gal- lons of this water produces one bushel of fine salt. There is also manufactured great quantities of coarse salt, which is produced by solar evaporation ; the total amount of salt manufactured in 1840, at Syracuse, was 524,461 bushels .- In addition to the Erie canal which passes through the centre of Syra- cuse, the Oswego canal commen- ces at this point and terminates in
the village of Oswego, connecting the Erie canal with Lake Ontario. The Syracuse and Utica and the Auburn and Syracuse railroads, unite in this place, which great works combined, open a direct communication east and west, and a channel of trade with all the pla- ces on Lake Ontario and Canada. A company is also chartered and and surveys made, for a railroad to extend from the village of Syra- cuse to Oswego, which when com- pleted will facilitate the travel both north and west through Lake Onta- rio.
SYRACUSE AND UTICA RAIL- ROAD, extends from the city of Utica to the village of Syracuse, a distance of 53 miles, connecting with the Utica and Schenectady railroad on the east, and with the Auburn and Syracuse railroad at its west termination, forming one of the continuous line of railroads extending from Albany to the west- ern part of the state. This com- pany was chartered in 1836, with a capital of $800,000.
TABERG, V. and p. o. Annsville, Oneida co. is situated on Fish creek, where are located 2 grist mills, several saw mills, 1 blast furnace, 1 church, 1 tavern, 1 store and 20 or 25 dwelling houses.
TAGHKANIC, t. Columbia co. situated 12 miles south-east of the city of Hudson, and distant 40 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 1,674 inhabitants. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ;- soil, clay loam and gravel, most of it arable, and in the valleys very fertile ; drained east by the Copake creek. Taghkanic and West Taghkanic, are names of post of- fices.
TAGHKANIC MOUNTAINS, enter this state in the east part of Rensselaer county, and extends south parallel to the state line, sometimes re-entering Massachu- setts, through Columbia county and
391
TANNERSVILLE-TEN MILE SPRING.
into Dutchess, a distance of about | in order to procure a sufficient 50 miles, where it divides into two depth of water for steamboats and vessels of a large class. ridges; one of which extends through Putnam county into West- chester, where it declines as it ex- tends south ; forming, however, the dividing ridge between the waters that flow east into Long Island Sound from those flowing west into the Hudson.
TANNERSVILLE, p. o. Hunter, Greene co.
TAPPAN, V. and p. o. Orange- town, Rockland co. is situated about three miles west of the land- ing on the Hudson river, now call- ed Piermont; this ancient and cele- brated village seems to have in- creased but slowly in size and im- portance since the days of the revolution, when it was for a time, the head quarters of the American army, under the immor- tal Washington; it now contains about 125 inhabitants, 20 dwelling houses, 2 churches, 1 tavern, 2 stores and 1 grist mill; surrounded by fertile and highly cultivated farms, mostly in possession of the descendants of the original settlers. Major Andre was executed here, Oct. 2d, 1780 ; the spot on which he suffered and where he was interred, is situated in a field on an eminence, about one hun- dred rods west of the village. His remains were removed some 18 or 20 years since, for the purpose of having them re-interred in London.
TAPPAN BAY, is formed by the expansion of the Hudson ri- ver, commencing 22 miles north of the city of New-York, and ex- tending to Teller's Point above Sing Sing, a distance of 10 or 12 miles; it is from 2 to 3 miles wide, surrounded by a highly cultivated and picturesque region of country. Here terminates on the west side, the New-York and Erie Railroad ; the company having constructed a pier of upwards of one mile in length, extending out into the bay,
TARRYTOWN, V. and p. o. Greenburgh, Westchester co. is beautifully situated on the east bank of the Hudson river, over- looking Tappan bay, 27 miles north of the city of New-York ; it contains about 1,000 inhabitants, 100 dwelling houses, 3 churches, 3 hotels and taverns, 7 stores and an extensive brick yard. Greenbank Seminary is a popular female boarding school, and the Irving In- stitute is a flourishing institution of learning, situated a short dis- tance north of the village. Steam- boats run every day between this place and the city of New-York ; a number of sloops are also owned here, running to different places on the river. Tarrytown is famed as being the place where Maj. Andre was captured while watering his horse, he being on his return from West Point, where he had an inter- view with the traitor Gen. Arnold. Adjoining the north part of the village, commences the famous " Sleepy Hollow," from which Washington Irving founded his en- tertaining legend, bearing the above name.
TELLER'S POINT, lies on the east side of the Hudson river in the town of Cortland, Westchester co. This peninsula separates Haver- straw from Tappan bay ; it lies immediately above the mouth of the Croton river, and is about 2 miles long.
TEN MILE CREEK OR RIVER, rises in the north east part of Dutch- ess co. and flows south for most of its distance, when it curves to the east and enters the state of Con- necticut where it empties into the Housatonic river.
TEN MILE RIVER, p. o. Sulli van co.
TEN MILE SPRING, p. o. Cold Spring, Cattaraugus co.
392
TEXAS-THOUSAND ISLANDS.
TEXAS, p. o. Mexico, Oswego | co.
THE CORNER, p. o. Ulster co.
THE PURCHASE, p. o. Harri- son, Westchester co.
THERESA, t. Jefferson co. situ- ated 20 miles north of the village of Watertown, and distant 178 miles from Albany. This is a new town, formed in 1841, by a division of Alexandria ; the surface is une- ven and somewhat broken, with rather an indifferent soil ; drained north by Indian river.
THERESA, V. and p. o. There- sa, Jefferson co. is situated on In- dian river; it contains about 175 inhabitants, 30 dwelling houses, 1 church, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and 1 ashery.
THE SQUARE, p. o. Scipio, Cayuga co.
THOMPSON, t. Sullivan co. con- tains the county buildings situated in the village of Monticello ; it is distant 113 miles from Albany, and contained in 1840, 2,610 inhabi- tants. The surface is hilly, but contains much arable land ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam ; drained south by Mongoup and Neversink rivers. Bridgeville, Gales, Glen Wild, Monticello and Thompson- ville are names of post offices.
THOMPSONVILLE, V. and p. o. Thompson, Sullivan co. contains about 150 inhabitants, 25 dwelling houses, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 grist mill, 1 carding and fulling mill, 2 tanneries and 3 saw mills.
THREE MILE BAY, p. o. Lyme, Jefferson co.
THROG'S POINT, situated on the south-east part of the town of Westchester, Westchester co. 16 miles north-east of the city of New- York, projects from one to two miles into the East river; this is an important military position, on which is now being erected, by the U. States government,a very strong fortification, called Fort Schuyler.
It, is calculated, when completed, to defend this entrance and protect the city of New-York from foreign invasion, in connection with the formidable works of a similar char- acter erected at the Narrows.
THROOPSVILLE, V. and p. o. Mentz, Cayuga co. is situated on the Owasco outlet, 3 miles north- west of Auburn ; this is a manufac- turing settlement containing 1 wool- len factory, 1 flouring mill, 1 dis- tillery, 1 saw mill and 1 fulling mill; here are located 1 church, I. tavern, 1 store and about 30 dwel- lings.
THOUSAND ISLANDS, lie in the St. Lawrence river, commen- cing a short distance below Lake Ontario; they are in part attached to the county of Jefferson, while the remainder belong to the British possessions in Canada.
"The river here varies from two to nine miles in width; and is filled with innumerably small rocky is- lets, generally covered with cedar and hemlock close to the water's edge ; yet there are exceptions, as some of them are nine or ten miles long, covered with good timber and somewhat fertile. Many of the islands are so close together that the branches are often inter- locked, and there is scarcely room for a small canoe to go between them ; and in passing, the eye of- ten catches glimpses of long vistas, fringed with little green islets and terminating in a broad expanse of water, that looks like a tiny lake, which in a moment, as his boat passes on, is lost to his view, or changed to some new scene more exquisite and lovely."
The largest of these islands are Grand island and Howe island, be- longing to Canada ; and Carleton island, Grindstone island and Wells island, belonging to the United States. The actual number with- in a distance of 27 miles, are said to exceed fifteen hundred.
393
TIBBET'S ISLAND-TIOGA.
TIBBET'S ISLAND. See Green | Island.
TICONDEROGA, t. Essex co. situated 22 miles south of the vil- lage of Elizabeth, and distant 97 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,169 inhabitants. The sur- face on the east is level or rolling, while on the west it is covered with hills and mountains ; soil, clay and loam, adjoining Lake Cham- plain, of a good quality, and in the interior mostly well adapted to gra- zing ; drained by the outlet of Lake George and several small streams flowing into Lake Cham- plain, which bounds it on the east. The peninsula on which stands the ruins of old Fort Ticonderoga, is situated on the south-east part of this town, where is now a conven- ient steamboat landing.
TICONDEROGA, v. and p. o. Ticonderoga, Essex co. is situated on the outlet of Lake George, at the lower falls, 2 miles west of Lake Champlain. It contains about 500 inhabitants, 80 dwelling houses, 1 Congregationalist and 1 Baptist church, 2 taverns, 8 stores, 1 grist mill, 7 saw mills, 2 lath mills, 1 planing machine, 1 furnace, 1 clothier's works, and 1 tannery.
The water power at this place is very great, the outlet here having a perpendicular descent of 30 feet. The stream is very uniform in its supply of water, and seldom free- zes ; and is navigable for lake craft to the lower part of the village. The ruins of old Fort Ticonderoga are situated about 2 miles below this place, on a point of land at the entrance of the outlet of Lake George into Lake Champlain, standing on an eminence of about 70 feet, overlooking the lake ; the ruins are plainly visible from the water, presenting a conspicuous and interesting object. About 1800 yards south-west stands Mount Defiance, rising 750 feet above the lake, overlooking and commanding the site of Fort Ti- conderoga. It was from the top of this eminence, that Gen. Burgoyne in 1777, by erecting a small batte- ry, dislodged the American garri- son, and took possession of this important fortification. Mount De- fiance is of easy ascent from the western side, and from its summit presents an extensive view of Lake Champlain and the surrounding country.
TIOGA COUNTY, taken from Montgomery in 1794, since much modified, is centrally distant 175 miles from the city of Albany ; it is bounded on the west by Chemung county, on the north by the counties of Tompkins and Cortland, on the east by Broome county, and on the south by the Pennsylvania state line. The surface is divided into hills and rich valleys ; the soil is well adapted to grazing, and is mostly very productive. The Susquehanna river flows through the southern part of the county, while the Owego creek and its tributaries, run through it from north to south, affording many desirable mill sites. The valleys are extensive and susceptible of raising large quantities of hay, grain, and other products. A large amount of lumber and other com- modities are annually floated down the Susquehanna from this county to a southern market, in addition to what is carried over the Ithaca and Owego railroad, to the northern and eastern markets. The New-York and Erie railroad passes through the valley of the Susquehanna, which, when fully completed, will be a great benefit to all this section of country. The mineral productions of this county are supposed to be limited ; there are, however, some sulphur springs, and a bed of marl in the town of Spencer. Its area is about 500 square miles, or 320,500 acres
394
TIOGA-TOMPKINS.
The following are the names of the towns in Tioga county, with the population in 1840.
Barton,
2,324 | Richford,
939
Berkshire, 956
Candor, . 3,370
Newark, 1,616
Nichols, .
1,986
OWEGO,
5,340
TIOGA, t. Tioga co. situated 5 | miles west of the village of Owego, and distant 172 miles from Albany ; contained in 1840, 2,464 inhabi- tants. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam, very productive in the valleys ; watered by the Sus- quehanna river and some of its tri- butaries. Tioga, Tioga Centre, Girl's Flats and Smithboro' are names of post offices.
TIOGA RIVER, rises in the state of Pennsylvania, and flows north into the county of Steuben, where it unites with the Conhocton river ; which united streams then take the name of Chemung .- Through the valley of the Tioga, for a considerable distance, runs the Corning and Blossburg rail- road.
TIOUGHNIOGA RIVER, rises in Onondaga county, and flows south through the county of Cort- land into Broome county, where it empties into the Chenango river at the village of Chenango Forks. This is a fine mill stream, on which are situated several beau- tiful villages and manufac- turing establishments of various kinds.
TITICUS CREEK, or RIVER, rises in Connecticut, and flows west through the town of North
Spencer,
1,532
Tioga, . 2,464
Total inhabitants, 20,527
| Salem, Westchester county, where it empties into the Croton river.
TIVOLI, or REDHOOK UP- PER LANDING, V. and p. o. Redhook, Dutchess co. is situated on the east side of the Hudson ri- ver. Here are located 2 churches, 3 public houses, 3 stores, 2 grist mills, 1 cloth factory, and 2 saw mills; it contains about 300 inha- bitants and 50 dwelling houses; many of the latter delightfully si- tuated on the bank of the Hudson. A steam ferry boat here plies across the river, landing on the west side near the iron works at Saugerties.
TOBEHANNA, p. o. Tyrone, Steuben co.
TODDSVILLE, V. Hartwick, Ot- sego co. is situated on the outlet to Schuyler's lake; it contains about 250 inhabitants, 30 dwelling hou- ses, 1 tavern, 2 stores, 1 extensive cotton factory, 1 woollen factory, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill and 1 paper mill.
TOMHANNOCK, p. o. Pittstown, Rensselaer co.
TOMHANNOCK CREEK, rises in the towns of Grafton and Pitts- town, Rensselaer county, and flows north-west into Schaghticoke, where it empties into the Hoosick river.
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