USA > California > History of California, Volume II > Part 57
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552
LOCAL ANNALS-SAN DIEGO DISTRICT.
cho to Captain Ruiz; in 1827 they refused to furnish more supplies for the presidial company, drawing out from the governor an order that the provisions be taken by force; and in 1829 they had to call upon the governor to settle a dispute on boundaries with the padres of San Luis Rey. Materially this was one of the most prosperous missions. Neophyte population was about the same in 1830 as in 1820, but had reached its maximum of 1,829 souls in 1824. San Diego had now passed San Gabriel and stood third on the list. Baptisms still slightly exceeded deaths. There was a small falling-off in herds, but a gain in flocks; though San Luis Rey had now passed its neighbor and taken the first place. The average of agricultural products, 6,900 bushels per year, was a little less than that of 1810-20; but the crop of 1821, 21,000 bushels, was not only the largest ever raised here, but with a sin- gle exception the largest ever raised at any mission. The statement in a report of 1822 that there were no facilities for irrigation brings up yet once more the old doubt respecting the date at which the elaborate irrigating works now in ruins were built and used, but throws no light upon the puzzle. By 1822 a chapel had been built at Santa Isabel, and there were also several houses, a granary, and a graveyard, with four hundred and fifty neophytes living at this branch es- tablishment, which proved a great aid in keeping the gentiles quiet. There is extant for this period con- siderable information respecting the limits and ranchos of the mission, which I append in a note with some references and details of matters treated in this para- graph.20
20 In addition to padres Martin and Oliva, there may be mentioned P. Menendez who served as chaplain after 1825, and P. Tomás Mancilla who was at S. Diego in 1829-30, both being Dominicans from the south. On the mat- ter of taking the oath see chap. iv. of vol. iii .; Dept. Rec., MS., v. 27. The boundary dispute was settled by Echeandía dividing the Cañada de Buena- vista half and half between S. Diego and S. Luis. Id., vii. 90, 258. Chapel, etc., at Sta Isabel. Arch. Sta B., MS., iii. 228-9; S. Diego, Lib. Mision, MS., 97.
Statistics of the decade: Decrease of population, 1,567 to 1,544; highest number, 1,829 in 1824. Baptisms, 1,094; largest number, 189 in 1823; small-
553
SAN LUIS REY.
San Luis Rey was still under the care of its ven- crable and energetic founder, Father Antonio Peyri. Jaime Escudé remained as associate until the end of 1821; José Joaquin Jimeno, a new-comer, served from 1827 to 1830; and José Barona also lived here in re- tirement in the infirmity of old age after 1827. Peyri was, unlike most of the friars, an enthusiastic friend of the republic, after he knew it to be inevitable, and took the oath of allegiance; but was so offended at the expulsion law of 1829 that he tried unsuccessfully
est, 53 in 1830. Deaths, 1,030; largest number, 179 in 1825; smallest, 63 in 1830. Decrease in large stock, 9,102 to 8,822; horses and mules, 1,042 to 1,192; increase in sheep, 14,908 to 16,661. Largest crop, 20,880 bushels in 1821; smallest, 2,796 in 1823; average, 6,948 bushels, of which 3,840 wheat, yield 8 fold; 2,173, barley, 7 fold; 810, corn, 50 fold. The greatest number of horned cattle was 9,245 in 1822; of sheep, 19,450 in the same year.
For some local names of rancherías between S. Diego and S. Gabriel in 1821 see expedition of P. Sanchez in chap. xx. In the mission report of 1822 the land in the south is said to be occupied by the presidio cattle; eastward the mission lands stretch 17 1. to Sta Isabel and the summit of the sierra; northward for 7 1. to Cañada de San Bernardo; and N. w. only 1 1. because of presidio and settlers. Land sterile, only producing grain when rain is abundant. No irrigation. Arch. Stu B., MS., iii. 261-2. Romero, Memorias, NIS., 5, says in 1825 the mission lands extended down the valley to Cañada de Osnna; but later El Pozo was the boundary. In 1827, Hayes, Emig. Notes, 477, found in a report the names of the ranchos Sta Monica, Sta Isabel, S. José del Valle, S. Bernardo, S. Dieguito, and Paguay. A report by Santiago Arguello in 1825 names only Sta Monica, Sta Isabel, and S. Bernardo. Pror. St. Pap. Pres., MS., i. 98. In the Register of Brands, MS., 37-S, the bounds are described with some minuteness on the authority of P. Martin in 1828: Lands occupied westward, down the valley, 1.5 1. to Cañada de Osuna, neigh- bors ' los vecinos del puerto;' southiward 2.5 1 to rancheria of San Jorge, land used for sheep in winter, neighbors the gentiles of S. Jorge; eastward 2 1. to S. Jaime de la Marca and S. Juan Capistrano de Matamo used for pasturage, 5 1. to Sta Mónica, or El Cajon, where grain is raised, and 91. to Sta Isabel; from Sta Isabel northward to Valle de S. José 1 1. used for cultivation and grazing; to Laguna de Agua Caliente, 2 1. on the boundary of S. Luis Rey; thence 7 1. past Bosque de Pamó to Rancho de S. Bernardo; thence northward 2 1. to S. Luis Rey; and by way of S. Dieguito the mission lands extend 3 1. to La Joya where cattle are kept. Between S. Bernardo and the mission is a rancheria and aguage called Paguay. In March 1829, Echeandía allows the padres to occupy provisionally the rancho of Jamul. Dept. Rec., MS., vii. 94. In a report of 1830 by Argüello the names of Sta Mónica, or Cajon, Sta Isa- bel, and S. Bernardo only are given as in 1827. St. Pap. Miss., MS., v. 37. See also many items on mission lands and those adjoining in U. S. vs. Santiago Arguello, Claimant's Brief on Exceptions to Final Survey. Before U. S. Sure. Gen. for Cal., with map. (Hayex' Legal Hist. S. Diego, i. 45.) Brígido Murillo was majordomo at the mission in 1828-30, and testifies on lands, live- stock, etc. Id., 8, 9, 59-60. Apolinaria Lorenzana, 'La Beata,' lived here during this decade, teaching the women to sew, distributing clothing and rations, caring for the sick, and making herself generally useful to neophytes and padre. She used to go with the sick to the Agua Caliente in the moun- tains for baths. Lorenzana, Memorias, MS., 11-12, 48. She subsequently received a land-grant.
554
LOCAL ANNALS-SAN DIEGO DISTRICT.
to obtain a passport. In every element of material prosperity San Luis was now far in advance of any other mission. There is no record that a new church was built as had been proposed in 1811, but the church and other buildings, the same now standing in ruin, were the largest and in some respects the finest in California. San Luis alone of the old missions, except San Juan Bautista, gained in population, baptisms outnumbering deaths; but it had reached its maximum of 2,869 neophytes in 1826, and had started on its decline. Herds and flocks had doubled in ten years. Sheep had reached the highest limit of 28,900 in 1828, and cattle were still increasing; though the figures have been grossly exaggerated in current newspaper reports. The average crop of grain, 12,660 bushels, was nowhere surpassed, though both San Diego and San Gabriel produced larger single crops. The 1st of January 1821, after a period of excessive cold, a somewhat violent shock of earthquake is recorded. An ex-neophyte pueblo at San Luis was a feature of Echeandía's secularization experiment of 1826, but we have no information about results, if the experiment was tried, which is very doubtful. The branch estab- lishment at Pala was yet in a flourishing condition; and several ranchos, sitios, and estancias, were occu- pied for cultivation or grazing at some distance from the mission.21
21 Duhaut-Cilly, Viaggio, ii. 40-6, visited the mission in 1827 and gives a good description of the buildings and surroundings, also presenting a view of the front, which, though less elaborate than that made by Duflot de Mofras in 1841, is in several respects more accurate. This author speaks of two large gardens, two reservoirs, the Indian village of straw huts just north of the mission, and says each of the ranchos had its chapel. Robinson, Life in Cal., 24-6, describes San Luis as it appeared in 1829-30 at the time of his arrival.
Statistics of the decade: Increase of population, 2,603 to 2,776; highest number, 2,869 in 1826. Baptisms, 1,430; highest number, 234 in 1823; lowest, 88 in 1827. Deaths, 1,200; highest number, 272 in 1825; lowest, 60 in 1830. Increase in large stock, 11,852 to 27,978; horses and mules, 1,352 to 2,468; sheep, 13,641 to 26,658. Crops: largest, 17,700 bushels in 1821; smallest, 8,020 in 1823; average, 12,660 bushels, of which 3,220 wheat, yield 6.5 fold; 3,106 barley, 15 fold; 5,679 corn, 247 fold; 559 beans, 36 fold. In the Cal. Farmer, Feb. 15, 1861, Taylor speaks of 80,000 head of cattle, 4,000 horses, and 70,000 sheep! There are many similar exaggerations. The white popu- lation in 1828 was 35. Nathaniel Pryor, an American, lived here from 1829. Only a few gentiles in the eastern sierra in 1822, generally related to the nico-
555
SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO.
Padre José Barona was minister at San Juan Ca- pistrano throughout the decade, though spending much of his time at San Luis after 1827; but Padre José María Zalvidea came in 1826 to take the place of Boscana. This establishment, unlike the other southern missions, was no longer prosperous. Popu- lation decreased, and so did the number of cattle slightly, though in this respect San Juan still stood in the fifth place; while sheep showed a decrease of over 50 per cent; and the average crop was less than half that of the preceding decade. Many vessels touched at the mission anchorage during these ten years, though much of the time it required a special permis- sion from the governor, and in one or two of the years this embarcadero was closed to foreign vessels. The neophytes, while not engaging in open revolt, were disposed to be insolent and unmanageable; and there was also at times a spirit of hostility between padres and the escolta. In January 1823 the soldiers went so far as to use violence toward Padre Barona, some- thing that had never before occurred in California.22
phytes and friendly. Arch. Sta B., MS., iii. 231, 265. Great drought in 1829. Dept. Rec., MS., vii. 264. Beechey, Voyage, ii. 36, incorrectly reports the murder of a padre near S. Luis in 1823. Earthquake of 1821, mentioned in Guerra, Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., ii. 191. On the ex-neophyte pueblo see chap. iv. of vol. iii. Trouble in 1827 with a neophyte who 'pronounced' on his own individual account against the Mexican government, calling the governor 'un inglés' and applying opprobrious epithets to all the whites. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. Mil., MS., Iviii. 2. In the report of 1822 the mission lands are said to extend 11 1. N. and s., and 15 l. E. and w., besides a rancho 15 1. off in the N. E. Lands rather sterile, and all utilized at one time or an- other. Squirrels, locusts, and crows very troublesome. Arch. Sta B., MS., iii. 263-4; vi. 196-7. In 1828 the rancho of Temecula, estancias of S. Anto- nio de Pala and S. Pedro (Las Flores) and sitios of Sta Margarita, Las Pulgas, S. Jacinto, S. Juan, and Agua Caliente are named. Prov. St. Pap., Pres., MS., i. 98. Same in 1830. St. Pap. Miss., MS., v. 38. In the Register of Brands, MS., 38-40, the mission lands are described on the authority of Peyri. West 3 1. a stock-farm not nanied; N. E. 7 1. S. Antonio de Pala; S. E. 9 1. Rancho of Temecula used for wheat and pasturage; N. 1.5 1. Sta Mar- garita with house, garden, vineyard, and land fit for all crops; 3 1. farther N. Rancho de S. Pedro, or Las Flores, with chapel, houses, and granaries; a stock rancho 1 1. (from S. Pedro?); 12 1. N. E. in mountains, stock rancho of San Jacinto, with a house; good timber 2 1. east of Pala and 9 1. from the mission.
22 This affair is mentioned in chap. xxii. this volume. Boscana reported it as 'el caso mas escandaloso que se habia visto en California,' Arch. Arzob., MS., iv. pt. ii. 6-7. José Cañedo and two other soldiers were implicated;
556
LOCAL ANNALS-SAN DIEGO DISTRICT.
they were excommunicated by the padres, and a military trial was held. Dept. Rec., MS., i. 30, 39. Finally in Dec. 1824 the supreme tribunal in Mexico decided that Cañedo had merely carried ont the orders of his chief, and in view of his two years' imprisonmant in shackles he was to be set free and made a corporal. Soon after he was absolved from the excommunication. The others had been absolved in 1823, and he had been offered the same grace if he would repent. Arch. Sta B., MS., xii. 138-43. Pattie, Narrative, 214, claims to have vaccinated 600 neophytes here in 1828. He says the padre was in the habit of indulging freely in wine and liquors so as to be often intoxicated. There is some slight evidence that Boscana had been removed in consequence of irregularities with women. Record of slight troubles with Indians in 1826-7. Dept. St. Pap., MS., i. 134-5; ii. 12. On one occasion the neophytes wished the padre put in the stocks. On San Juan as a port see chap. v. of vol. iii.
Statistics : Decrease in population, 1,064 to 926; baptisms, 454; largest number, 57 in 1821; smallest, 40 in 1823 and 1830. Deaths, 592; largest number, 137 in 1827; smallest, 37 in 1826. Decrease in large stock, 11,480 to 10,978; horses and mules, 480 to 178; sheep, 14,198 to 5,019. Average crop, 2,943 bushels, of which 1,200 wheat, yield 12 fold; 84 barley, 14 fold; 1,539 corn, 96 fold; largest crop, 6,837 in 1825; smallest, 781 in 1829. The wheat crop of 1824 was spoiled in the field by rains. Arch. Arzob., MS., iv. pt. ii. 122. The white population was 17 in 1828. Prov. St. Pap., Presid., MS., i. 98. 1823. Mission lent J. A. Carrillo $2,000 for a year. Dept. St. Pap., MS., iii. 13.
In 1822 the lands were described as extending 12-13 1. N. and s .; 3-4 1. E. and w. Some of the fields irrigated, and they furnished grain enough to feed the Indians with the aid of fish and meat. Arch. Sta B., MS., iii. 233, 266. In 1828-30 the mission ranchos are named as Sta Ana, S. Joaquin, Tra- buco, and S. Mateo. Prov. St. Pap., Presid., MS., i. 98; St. Pap., Miss., MS., v. 38. In 1828 the lands are described by the padres as extending 10 1. from N. w. to s. w. (?), and from .5 to 4 1. wide. Mnch of the land useless on account of the mustard which it is impossible to destroy; and the water both of the sea and of the arroyos of Trabuco and Mision Vieja does more harm than the mustard. In dry seasons the streams have no water; in winter they are torrents, frequently changing their channels and spoiling much land. The mission will perhaps have to be moved for want of land and wood. The live stock is pastured near Sta Ana River. South-east 3 1. is the rancho of S. Mateo, within a half league of which S. Luis has established that of S. Onofre on land said to belong to S. Juan. 2 1. N. (of S. Onofre?) is the Trabuco hill, near which S. Luis has occupied S. Jacinto, and its majordomo has occupied El Temescal. On the s. half a league to the sea the land is alkaline. The pastures of Sta Ana are 6 1. N. w. across the river, and bonnded by the lands of the Yorbas, the Nietos, and S. Gabriel. Register of Brands, MS., 40-2.
CHAPTER XXV.
LOCAL ANNALS-SANTA BÁRBARA DISTRICT. 1821-1830.
PUEBLO OF LOS ANGELES-POPULATION-AYUNTAMIENTO, AND MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS-CHAPEL-INUNDATION-PORT OF SAN PEDRO-PRIVATE RAN" CHIOS AND LAND GRANTS .- MISSION SAN GABRIEL-PADRE NUEZ- LANDS-SAN FERNANDO-STATISTICS-MISSION RANCHOS-ULIBARRI- GUERRA VERSUS IBARRA-SANTA BÁRBARA PRESIDIO-LIEUTENANT GABRIEL MORAGA-OFFICERS-COMPANY STATISTICS-CRIMINAL REC- ORD-LOCAL EVENTS-SANTA BARBARA MISSION-FATHERS JAIME AND RIPOLL-SAN BUENAVENTURA-ITEMS OF DECADENCE - ALTIMIRA -- PURÍSIMA MISSION-DEATH OF RODRIGUEZ-SANTA INES.
Los ANGELES1 with the ranchos within its jurisdic- tion had 1,000 inhabitants in 1830, a gain from 615 in 1820. There were besides from 150 to 350 Indians in the last years, statistics on this point being irregular and unreliable. In the pueblo proper were 770 inhab- itants de razon, and on the ranchos, 230. If we add 160 for the adjoining missions of San Gabriel and San Fernando, the total for what I have from the first treated as a kind of a district is 1,160, a gain from 750 during the decade. There was a foreign popula- tion, not including Spaniards-who were in these times always spoken of as foreigners-Portuguese, or negroes, of at least sixteen men, several of whom were married to Californian wives. Four or five of them lived at San Gabriel and the rest in town. On other topics than that of population figures are for the most part wanting; but it would seem that, under the increased demand for hides and tallow, the cattle
1 For map of Los Angeles district see chap. xvi.
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SANTA BÁRBARA DISTRICT.
owned by citizens and rancheros had increased to 10,000 in 1823, and in 1830 to over 40,000.2
There are more items of interest extant respecting municipal affairs in Los Angeles for this than for earlier periods, though they are still fragmentary. Not even a complete list of pueblo officials can be formed. While the change in national system had practically no effect on that of municipal government, yet the growth of what were supposed to be republi- can ideas did not make of Los Angeles a better gov- erned and more orderly community than before, but had rather the opposite tendency. Besides the ordi- nary difficulties of enforcing police regulations and restraining the unruly element of town population, there were frequent troubles at elections, dissensions between officials, conflicts between civil and military
2 All is not clear, however, in statistics of population. An official report in St. Pap., Miss., MS., v. 39, which I have followed, gives the population of the pueblo proper as 258 men, 264 women, and 242 children; total, 764; ranchos, 237; Indians, 198; total de razon, 1,001. There is a report for 1824 in Sta Clara, Parroquia, MS., 57-8, which makes the total 837, which, though the contrary is implied, may include Indians and thus agree well enough with my figures for 1830. There are, however, three reports for 1827-8, which present difficulties. One padron of 1828, in St. Pap., Miss., MS., v. 27, precisely similar to that of 1830, makes the population of the pueblo, exclusive of Indians, 881, and the total, including the ranchos, 1,007. So far the difficulty is removed by the probability that San Gabriel is included with the pueblo, as it is not included in a report for San Diego the same year, in Prov. St. Pap., Presid, MS., i. 98. The original official report for 1827, in Bandini, Doc. Ilist. Cal., MS., 6, makes the total 1,170, probably including 350 Indians, but not the population of San Gabriel. I suppose the S20 de razon to include 700 for the pueblo and 120 for the ranchos, and thus both these authorities fall into line after a fashion. But the report for 1828 in Wilkes' Nar. U. S. Explor. Exped., v. 555, gives a total of 1,388 inhabitants de razon, and I am obliged to suppose there is an error in the figures, as indeed is not unlikely.
Robinson, Life in Cal., 36, says Los Angeles had about 1,500 inhabitants in 1829. Pattie, Narrative, 215, says he vaccinated 2,500 persons here in 1828. Duhaut-Cilly estimated the population at about 1,000 in 1827, includ- ing 200 Indians. Viaggio, ii. 98. In Dec. 1824 President Sarria speaks of Los Angeles as having nearly 1,000 gente de razon, with the best lands in the province and large private ranchos; yet this region does nothing for the troops and the missions are impoverished by excessive exactions. Arch. Arzob., MS., iv. pt. ii. 123. The foreigners resident at Angeles and San Gabriel were José Chapman, W. A. Richardson, Jos. V. Lawrence, Isaac Galbraith, Wm. Welch, Joaquin Bowman, J. B. Leandry, John Temple, Geo. Rice, Wm. Fisher, Jesse Ferguson, John Haley, John Davis, Richard Laughlin, Fred. Roland, and Louis Bauchet. See Hist. Cal., chap. vi. vol. iii. this series. Live- stock in 1823: 10,623 cattle, 3,130 horses and mules and asses, 468 sheep. Guerra, Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., (i.) 122; in 1830, 42,903 cattle, 3,057 horses and mules, 2,469 sheep. St. Pap. Miss., MS., v. (297).
559
LOS ANGELES.
authorities, complaints and petitions of citizens, appeals to governor, diputación, and commandant, arrests and suspensions from office, all tending to a never ending confusion. The people generally had an unfavorable opinion of their local rulers, and the latter of each other, and there are indications that these opinions were for the most part well founded. Something of detail for this paragraph and the next I append in a note.3
3 1820. Prefect Payeras suggests that if the citizens would give their atten- tion to other products of industry than wine and brandy, it would be better for both province and pueblo. Arch. Arzob., MS., iv. pt. i. 32.
1821. Comisionado, Anastasio Carrillo; alcalde, Anastasio Ávila; regidores, Antonio Ignacio Avila and José María Aguilar. Pio Pico, Ilist. Cal .. MS., 155, relates that on coming to town from San Diego on a visit he was ordered by Alcalde Ávila, an ignorant fellow who ruled ' á fuerza de machete,' to go to work with the citizens on the new aqueduct; but being on horseback and armed with a musket he escaped the task and went home. Two women for scandalous conduct were sentenced to six months in the ' nunnery' after expos- ure with shaven heads at the church door. St. Pap., Sac., MS., vi. 40-1; Prov. St. Pap., MS., xx. 293.
1822. Comisionado, A. Carrillo, till November; alcalde, Manuel Gutierrez. José Palomares was elector for this district, including temporarily San Ga- briel and San Fernando, in May, and he became a member of the diputacion in Nov. chap. xxi. this vol. In November the ayuntamiento was established by order of the diputacion; but the incumbent officers seem to have continued in their places, and the only change was the addition of a síndico and secre- tary, whose names, as indeed those of the regidores, are not known. Prot. Rec., MS., xi. SO; Arch. Misiones, MS., i. 262. In January Vicente Sanchez, a prominent citizen, was sent by the comisionado in irons to Sta Bárbara, the offence not being specified. Guerra, Doc. Ilist. Cal., MS., vi. 91.
1823. Alcalde, Mannel Gutierrez; regidor, Juan Ballesteros; secretary of ayuntamiento, Francisco Morales. The salary of the latter was $15 per month. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. Mil., MS., liv. 15. Guillermo Cota appointed by Guerra as a kind of comisionado in February. Letters of Lieut. Moraga and Alcalde Gutierrez on the refusal to recognize his authority. Dept. Rec., MS., i. 131; Guerra, Doc. Ilist. C'al., MS., v. 226, 285-6. Yet according to Id., v. 149-65, Carrillo seems to have been comisionado until Feb. 1825. Aug. 2d, Gov. Argüello reprimands Gutierrez for disrespect and interference with military affairs. Calls him pitiably ignorant and stupid. Id., iv. 136-7.
1824. Cota, comisionado; alcalde, Encarnacion Urguides, though some one objected to Carrillo in 1826 on the ground that he had held the office within two years; regidor, Ballesteros. Comisionado Cota wrote to Guerra that the town was filled with vagrants, from which class he has agreed with the alcalde to take the quota of military recruits, 25 men. Guerra, Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., iii. 23; vi. 144; v. 164-5.
1825. Cota, comisionado; alcalde, José María Ávila until October; regi- dores, Francisco Sepúlveda and José María Aguilar. Ávila is said to have been suspended from office by the people. St. Pap. Sac., MS., xii. 12. A complaint of José Joaquin Sanchez is found in Carrillo (J. ), Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., 17-20, to the effect that Alcalde Avila had put him in irons for having refused to copy some public documents without pay. Avila claimed that as no official clerk was provided it was the duty of any citizen to perform such duties. Sepúlveda acted as alcalde after October, and on Oct. 26th he com-
560
SANTA BÁRBARA DISTRICT.
In 1822 an ayuntamiento was established in acccord- ance with an act of the diputacion at Monterey; but the only change was in the name and the addition of a treasurer and secretary to the old officers. By this act the civil authority was supposed to be fully organ- ized, and the military office of comisionado to have no longer any raison d'être. But the invalids and mili-
plained that Aguilar declined to attend to his duties as regidor. Guerra, Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., vi. 153. Alcalde's complaints that several citizens had re- fused to pay their taxes. Doc. ITist. Cul., MS., iv. 755-6. Comisionado Cota sends a militiaman to Sta Bárbara in irons for illicit relations with a married woman. Guerra, Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., vi. 144. Correspondence between Ávila and Guerra on obedience to the comisionado. Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., iv. 629-30, 721, 725-8, 743-4. It appears that in April the citizens publicly declared that they would not recognize any military authority. Gov. Ar- güello leaves the matter for the decision of his successor July 23d. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. Mil., MS., liv. 9.
1826. Alcalde, Claudio Lopez; regidores, Desiderio Ibarra and José María Aguilar; síndico, José Palomares; secretary, Narciso Botello, and later Fran- cisco Morales. José Antonio Carrillo had been elected alcalde for this year; but 9 citizens protested that his election was illegal, as he as elector had voted for himself, and as he could not hold the office twice within two years. Dept. St. Pap. Pref. y Juzg., MS., iii. 94-5. A new election was ordered for Jan. Ist. Dept. Rec., MS., ii. 20. There are several indications that Vicente San- chez acted as alcalde for a time in 1826-7, under what circumstances I know not. Nov. Sth, Regidor Aguilar to be set at liberty. Dept. Rec., MS., iv. 12. April 13th, Echeandia declares San Gabriel and San Fernando to be within the jurisdiction of Los Angeles. Id., iv. 30. November, a man prosecuted for ' habitual' rape. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. Mil., MS., Iviii. 5, 6.
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