Historical hand-atlas, illustrated : containing twelve farm maps, and History of Jay County, Indiana, Part 28

Author: H.H. Hardesty (Firm)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Chicago : H.H. Hardesty
Number of Pages: 288


USA > Indiana > Jay County > Historical hand-atlas, illustrated : containing twelve farm maps, and History of Jay County, Indiana > Part 28


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67


The decennial population of Delaware, hy counties, from 1790, is as follows :


COUNTIES.


1880


1870


1600


1850


1840


1630


1590


1810


1800


18920


Newcastle


63515


Sussex


81696


According to the census of 1870, the total population of Dela- ware was 125,015, of which 22,794 were colored.


Wilmington, the only city in the State, is situated on the Christina Creek. A line of steamers runs between the city of


Blair


38051


27829


21777


42831


32760


19746


11554


Bucky


Cambria . Cameron


Carbon.


Centre.


Chester.


77805


74578


66438


57515


50910


41451


Clarion


Clearfield.


25741


18759


12580


7834 8923


Cumberland ..


40098


84327


30953


29226


2 006


26757


Erle


65073


Fayette


43284


39112


93574


20172


27295


Oreene ..


25987


24348


Huntingdon Indiana


Jefferson.


21656


Juniata.


Lancaster


Lawrence


Lehanon.


Lehigh


Luzerne ..


160755


43753 90214 87899


26257


22649


17638


18517


11006


5414


Monroe


18:162


Montgomery .


81612


70500


69201


47241


39406


85793


29703


24.50


22929


Philadelphia.


674022


565329


408762


5981


3832


4813


2390


Schuylkill


116428


89510


60718


20053


20744


11311


26778 5637


24416


19650


17762


13974


11281


10168


81044 14145


23987


15499


8978


4021


1687


26083


22787


20795


18619


17390 121840


11631£ 22999 31881


98944 21079


56072


44006


27379


20027


Potter,


11265


16758


18270


9879


13053


13299


258037


188797


Somcreet


Wyoming


14585


12510


11655


6214


18270


19518


23211 28766


17723


11207


63632 43912


1468


49432 39909 893


84418


48734


233355


3694


54797 29615


112


93° A


8


C


0 92°


F


G


K


L 90°


M


N


0


P 89º


Q


R


S



U


V


W


X 87"


Spur Jste Jhintny P.0. 0


Hiddle Jaland


Longitude West from Oreenwich


Pelican Zaks


Newfound


Moose Lake N. Forel Lak


S. Fowl Lak'


Vermillion


1


North Bay


Lake


Washington Harbor


.


R.


S


L


0


U


I


S


Cross


River


R


2


2


Vermillion Lakeº


A


K


E


Ricer


P


Eagle Harbor


schaffera L.


SLight Hoos Manitou


Eagle River


Island


Clifton 0


Oratiole> Lake


4


Beaver Bny


E


Red Jacket Of


Calumet


Outcola P


TorchInk. City


PO Like Linden


Trucerer Point


ok Jloughton


5


PATLANTIC


w *** Portage


R.


Lake


O-


Ahhay


47


47


clogue


Sand -.


Offer I.


Eagle Intand


"Monitor. Stockton's Island


PAISLANDS . Gutt I.


REE


Por Michigan I. Light Houro


Union Bay


Light House's


Ontopngon witors


Trou River


TOLTEC XITE


XXIX


XXVIIT


Portà Lake


orman


N.P.J.


Fond du Lno


Superior City


19


i Odanah


Orauto


LAPOINTE


Bry | XLVIII O


N


A


G


0


48


Mich igu-une"


Parizidi" O"


Luke'pl


Stonedifle JESTun


Lake


& Palatoe R. RES


Riper


Perch Lake


Republio


"White Oak Lake


DOUGLAS


SiTvor Creok


45


XLVI


XLV


XLIY


XLIII


XLII


XLI


9


9


Rivet


Claire anke


Verberis z.


M


R


U


E


T T


E


Cantervil


Q Baknap


43


10


Crop L:


Chippewa Crosting


12 P


Brule


Ford


Campbell


Sand Lake Swamp Trout LAKE 'LE


Twin Lakes


FLAMBEAU


Plum_L


"Fuker Florti coco


COUNT ORLILLE


Flambeau Sta. ! Z Floridas IND.


.RES. Fence L.


VILL


IX


XI 1 XI


XIIi


XIV


XV


XVI


XVII , XVIII DAY


1_XX | XIX - XVIII / XVII ] XVI i XV


X


T


T


IL Court Braille


Fiffeld


Lahe Pott


Tomehawk


Suyur. Cane 1


O


:39 Spaldfo


12


· Andorsono Weil


oi


Lake Chefac


P


R37


E


L


I


NE


Pelican Sta.


North Pelican


D ... Rat


Beaver Lake


chin Vest Denmark


Cumberland


35


Malden


|Lake: Frydenlund


Centre CILy


Shiloh


BAIROR ON


Maple"


Flamb


De


ump


RioeT T


A


Y 32


L


R


Charlestown Medford


Corning out Cr-


Stetsonville


Naugart o


Trapp cr-


Ehnhurst


. Bro


OLittle XIX


MENOMINEE


Cav


Jackson por


Maple Valley


Hayes


INDIAN


Hut prins


Scholleld


STOCKBRIDGE RES.


Giltelt o


Stiles


Oconto CODI


O Helater White Fish Bay White Fish Point


Valley


N. Centrey. Menomondo


Hadley OFBadger Mills


Longwood @


28


Colby Marathon City:


A


I


HJON


Deterille


NONt& IND.RES.


Ocouro Falir o.


D Kershend


AKulten


TW.


River


0


K


Grande I.


Kawishiwi


Temperance


Cascade Binh


Manitou


E


Copper Ilirbor


Light Hours


CO


Secen Beaver


Taka


YBaptism


U


COFFER FALLS MIXX + CENTAAL NINKAS


1-0-35 Bele Grise 4. dane Bay


Point


.


4


XXXIII XXXII XXX1 XXXX


"Faça-


white


K


N. TRIN J. Droit I. APOSTLE " Light House Rocky I. L


14 Miles Point


Franklin, 53


BURON


Y


Turan Point


6


Goodwood


Will Rice Zak


L


DULUTH


50


1 º La Pointe


R


Nuncauch


B


A


A


G


A Yellow


Paling ...


.Taylor


Summit


19


Black Hoof


Thomn


des Switch


8


Moose L


Minnerking Lake


Sands


Escanaba


Smith Mine Jen Little


AjHelena


White Fish Lake


Namekagon Lake


43


Bin Z


LAKE DESERT


Ricer


Checagon


11.42


! Luke


46


A


Butternut Creek 11


Perkina


Hinckley


Trout Br


Gran INDIAN RES.


1y


XXVI


XXIX


240


Boy Sidingp


Grilu


Tig Sand


Mud Like


Grautsburgh Clan Za


Podler


Rint O :


Oreiller


3S


12


West


39


or:l'owrs. P.O.


Suceden


Fair Bear Trike


N.


Znalub P.O.


Carney or


Nadeau P. C


Bagley


PAUL


P


O Bon K


Lakoan


Training Zout o


C H


Rice Lake o


Bahar Lakeo Balan Luke


Conwood


Ogema


Sptiit


T


.Westboro


33


Mlateli Lake


Shetel:0 0


Submit


Fanhingen Aldin


Q CleartLako


Sptran Spiring or, Dallas


3% Chambers I.


Strawberry Cred 1.


"R. Marinutte Do Menekaumee Hat T-


And Day


D.Je


Granger


oranville Cool'& & Bloomer


QEmerald


Dry Wood


30


Fork


o Chippewa City Chipeso Ceny


29


"Dorchester]


Crepe Rit Falls


Stato?


Wausau


-RY


Clarks Sallemmt Cave Point


PAUL


Hudson Wurdede


Brakville


Fo Settlement


0


Finnfrukt Green Grove


Frenchtown Edson


Ravie' 1'


-


Curp L.


Victoria J. Todd's Harbor


48


48


03 xxxy ; Rock Harbor Jeland Mine >" . Securit Z. Chippewa Harbor


Pigeon Pt-


XxxYISLE ROYALE


1


Siscowit Jilands


Pine I.


River


T.


Minnesota Point


0


R


1


Agale Harbor o PANN MINKA


S


ARE


EENAW BAY anquanaming PL.


BY furon Islands


BAY


Skance


Mountain


Big Bay Point


XXXV.


Laks


'XXXIV ! 0 XXXII XXXI


Trans


L.Independence


Mts.


, Greenlu of"


ADVENTURE MANA M HOMOKIAN MINH


Hardquo & Nusmon


Oneota of


Fles


19


"Chaquamegon T.


Carp


NATIONAL MY


50


Granite Point


CHAQUAMEGON


M


Bray


South


Michigam'tn


Sporr Js


Three Lekeryou.


8


Nebe


ganain


White River SUCHO


INDIAN


47


XLVII


0 iste


AGOGEBIC


LAKE


Branch 47


XL :XXXIX XXXVIIIXXXVII xxxVI XXXY XXXIV :XXXIII|XAXII | XXXI : XXX XXIX !XXVIII: XXVII : XXVI XXV ! XXIV ! XXIII - XXI


Pile! L.


Kettle Rivor Sta.


Lolce ! Long AILind Bladder = Penokee 14 Lake


Somh Brauch Ontonagon Te.


15


Menomina


12;Deer River


Fence


S.C.SMITH XINE +


Maplo RidgeX Thi De Bejar


A Taron


11


L-XXX


XXVIILi XXVII


Eagle Lake


Pine


-River


AGO


Font nyOne Siding


Wauboo


Lake


L AN


o: Wood Lake !


Bacha


O


O Burnefisille Trade Lake


io Alabama


City Creek !


Beaver Dam


Bor Jake reading Full o


Murray's o


36


ofisin


Pelican:


MARINETTE


Gravel Pit


P Light House


E


o Cedar Riter


WASHINGTQ


SPStephouson


Polarº Pickerel Lake


Plum Irlarkl


Detroit Teland


Osceola de


Mouth Far


30


Lilly


Nokwebay Lake


Sister Bay Sunny p


Spider J-


N


Chiling Conners. Door Park


Cedat


i Bob Creek:


o Benson


O Cylon


O


o Brunett's


31


New Richmond


OBoardman Enn SZT. C-R-O-I-X


Little Valley Walley __.


Paris


Cedar Falls __ Secdinh


Lille


aRiv .-


pehtipp


Pestitigo


S-


NOCORPO


o Langlade


Doboston'o Trontrille


Menomineey


WASH- Wilson


OFanceburgh


y is XVIII North Bay


phningto


River


enny


Pine River Sta- · Antigo


Muller'a L


of Black Bnak Piaeric


o Lakeville


LIETIL HOURS Lagle bay ERTaine Clay Artelcy's Bay


" Chelsea 0


Copper


Neiienod


Clayton


14


Lakes & New


33 Birch Creek


Gravel I-


o Liste Falls


Flambeau


Fisher


River


Ijohnson's


P EWA


3-4


Barro


Lincoln Centy "ELinto


Pl-Rochereau Ellison's Bay ognihon Bay


CENTRAL


Ming R; Thoin .


Kifsons


Strauss


Trading Post


Washington Harbor . IL AND Wallace E


Litty L.


River


N


Pine Lake


37


Worcester


MERIDIAN


Phillips C


comen


Gagen's


Branch ..


PENOMINEE


o Cedar Fork


Birch Lake


36


Gull I. St. Martins Island


Big: Pio Check


Lake Stone L.


Stary


W


Mission Crock


Massy


11


Keyes' Laku


Cross Lake Pine City


R No E


39


Flat Rock


Quinneden Vulcan


Ferry .. GERN


"Surunit Zak Shell Lake


I. Henry &


S Menomloel RJe.


-Indian


Clen For


Fort


Lake


Will Side Tracks


Crab Laks


High Luke


10


Imland L.


Lake Lourit


Bots! Brul


Beaver


Bagl


I4othr Gould Sido Track


! : VI ! VN


sleepany


Porcupine


: Bayfieldof MADELINE ISLAND


XLIIIR - - XUINTE. XL MILYAR REGION XL


Garlic Point


7


Spirit L'akdo


Garlic


Light Honse Sitter Lak Eadunkgo SeFOR Marquette, Pq Harvey __ shu


CARLTON


NOW


Ashland


IN


T


-Branch


H


MAGNETIC MINK


BAYFIELDY


Montreal


Sturgeon LakeR.


Riper


Dog R.


Sirkwit Zade PIKES BAX


1 South Channel


Little Girls Point


Sturgeon o


Piue Ricer Point


Bark Point


River


RiDer


Traverse Jetan !!


s.Trin I 1 \ Outer I.


Map o


Peshtigo Harbor xxvi


XX J XXI : XXL X]]] Green I. "Egg Harbor XXVII 1 º Banky's Harbur


CNorth Valley Round Lake


RIVER


· Emel


Cred


XII Nummer


XXV XXIV ! XXIG


J


88°


Kaffe Lake


pigeon River


Birch Lake


112


93"


A


8


C


0


E


F


G


H


J


K


L


M


N


0


P


89%


Q


R


T



X


.06


87"


Pelican Zake


Curp L.


Hiduke Jiland


Newfound


Anife Lake


Virturin T. Tudd's Harbor


Longitude West from Greenwich


18


Hoow Ink


y Rock Harbor


'T. Chippewe Harbor


18


N. Foiet Lak's


Pine I.


Vermillion


S.Fuut Luk


Pigeon Pl


North Bay


Lake


Ricer


K


pigeon River


MAxyISLE ROYALE


-


Sisegwit TRunde


1


Temperance


RIDet


Washington


Grande I.


Harbor


S


Kawishtut


L


I


S


R


Manilou


Tiger


Minnesot


Birch Lake


R


2


Vermillion Lake


L


A


K


E


Tice


Baptism


P


LAht Homes


Copper Ilatrine


Hiot


U


Agate Harbor O


Eagle Harbor


Seren Beaver


COPPEN FALLA MINST


8


Taka


CENTRAL MING RES


S


i Tanitou


Eagle River @


fatand


- Bets Grlie


Point


E Busn' R.


Lake


4


Benver


Bay


E


XXXIII XXXXXXXX XXX


- Ripe


HanGO bon E. Lake Linden


Arabera Forst


K


1352 047 Houghton


5


10


DIcil I. APOSTLE


Light How


154 MIN$ Porlags


Traverse Jaland


17


Ruiky I. L 5 THin #


Outer I.


14 Miles Paint


Lake


17


clog1


T


Sand ..


MundusJ. Stockton's Island


WEENAW BAY


Herwy Point


Goodwood


Will Rice


IND ISLANDS


Hounquacoming PL.


Lake


Gult I.


Pine Ricer Point


L


Bark Point


Michigan I.


Light House


UNION Bat


Porcupine


Light House'T Ontonagon woz


¡Enke | LIms


Big Bay Point


DULUTH


so: Siyfieldof MADELINE ISLAND


Brun River XXXIX XXXVIIIXXXVII, XXXVII,


1 XXXI


51,9


XXIX Te


XXVII|


L.Independence


towelhudik


Silvai Lol : PIKES


O La Pointe


gArYon


Oneoty


Spirit Lakgo


BAY


I d' South Channel


o Nonesuch


B


A


Yellow


Dog R.


Garlic Point


7


CHAQUANEGON 920904 ]


TAY


Granite Point


Lille Girls


Summit


Black Hoof


fond du LNe


Superior City


Branch


19


Sticer Lake Rig


19:


River


LOdanah


LAPOINTE


Granto


.Light House


PBranch


CARLTON


Day | XLVIII


G


0


Sturgeon


Marquette, P


Sturg


Land


Nebagnimain


White River


INDIAN


17


XLVIN


N


T


N


A


18


Three LakesYour


AGOGEBIC


Michigumate


Lake


Potuloe


LAKE


BAYFIELD


Branch 47


MAGNETIC MINE


RES.


DOUGLAS


Perth Lake


D. Gray


Republlo


Sands


-R


Sturgeon LakeR.


Silver


15


46


XXL


Derr Birer


9


XLVI


XLY


XLIV


XLII


XLL


XL /XXXIX XXXVIIIXXXVI XxxVI XXXV XXXIY XXXIII- XAAMIE XXXI L XXX XXIX IXXVIII: XXVH : XXVI V 1 XXIV ! XXIII


Plains


"Long Atkjan Bladifer


Penokee


Smith Bropara


15


Lake


Herbertet.


Gutonagon It


Lenominee


Smith Mine 9


calHelena


Namekagon


Will


Side TradistS


Lake


13


Crab Lake


M


R


E


T


TAE


BigL


10


LAKE DESERT


Grop L


H


Chippewa


High Lake


Cratervil


Crossing


1.2


JIaple Kiugex


10


L.


NE ol


Laur!


Cheengon


Ford


A


Butternut Creek


Sand Lake Sirajup Trout


LAKE ILI


Twin Lakes


Lube


Bois Brut


Campbell


-6


COURT ORKILEC


FLAMBEAU


Flambant Sta. T


Fuber Florence:


41


Perkins


XIX


XVIL J_XVI


HETINDIAN RES


IV


Por Gould Sido Track


RES. Fence L


VII


XV


XVI


XVII, XVIII


11


Cross Zake


B. U.


R


Keyen-Letha


XXVIII| XXVII XXVI | XXV - XXIV : XXICM


Pine City


TT


30


Filled


Lake Potter


Eagle Lake


pine


:40


Bay Siding


Tomehawk


Grautsburgh Clam Take Z


River-


BERN MINE


Flat Rock


Wauboo


Lake


Sugar Cane L


o, Wood Lake


38


L


N


G-


Vulcan


West


12


Benr Laike


Lake Chetac


Gagen'&


Timtre


P


R37


2


PEROVINEA


L.


I


C


O


N


Pine Lake


Fort


Indian


O_lubama


Beamer.Dam


Like


Worcester


Pelican Sta.


37


Carney O


Trading Puto


Murray's o


36


Bedrer Lak


Barley


qNorth Volley' Round La


35


, Birch Lake


Store L.


MARINETTE


36


0 Cedur Fork


St.Martins


PEWA


Malden


Lake;


PFrydenluna


Gravel Pit


Istand


PAUL


Onwood


MERIDIAN


Rich's In


Lilly L


o Cedar Biber


5 Light Howy


WASHINGTO


B


AROR O. N


34


Ogema


Spirit


River


Polar Pickerel Lake


Stephouson.


Washington Harbor


Kilsone


ISLAND


CENTRAL


-Flambe


Wallace


14


Onceolo de


I Jinouin Cra


Clayton


Barron


.Westboro


Shelek o


Êmet


33


Twoin . Strauss


Trading Post


Detroit Holand


Marshal


Luket o


Nokwebay


Pr.Rochereau


Pilut I.


Like


Ellison'a Boy o Ellow Bag


ANTE


Flanitea


Rier!


Birch Creek


Sister Bay Side


Ficher


A


Y 32


Chelsea


L


R


Muller'


Olay "Veley's Bay


Spider I


ProconEn


o Lakeville


Chambers I.


WASH-


Door Parl


Fanceburgh


Sand


Bob Creek


o Brunetta!


Charlestown


RING


o Langlade


" Pine River Stage - Antigo


Doboston o Truiteille


menominee


Manworry CHEXXVIII North Bay


Map of Wisconsin.


ater


Granger


31


Medford


Corning Qui C.


Boa


KOTy Wood


30


Stetsproville


Trapp


Ehmburst


S.


peshlige " Marinette


-I-X


Little Valley


MENOMINCE


XX XXI - XX XIII


Green I.


Egy Harboro XXVII"


adun Je. CHICAGO


PAUL


Todaon Hoduat


a Chippera Colar


Dorchesteron falls


INDIAN


Hoyes


Maple Valley


Wansau


Pesitigo Harbor xxVI


krille


: Valley


O Selflenient


V. Contra V.


Frenchtown


NINGTON


Munemondo


Hadte 9 Badger fils


Edson


Given


Colby Marathon City:


M


RES.


Gillette


Sfiler


Ocontol


Longwood 9


A


Holakof White Fish Bay


28


STOCKBRIDGE


FIND.ILES.


O Hershend


Oconto Fallso


STArgeou


White Fish Point


Nw.Em Eau Claire


High Bank's


pity Sta.


Unity


Witten


Pouraukes Em


V & Sturgeon Bny


27


Mosince


W


N


Brookvide


Sturgeon Bay &


Creek"


Green wood


Whiscomy Vo Deleur @Showano !-


WE W. PensaukeLo


R


por Fall. Cy.


Fatih


Brookside


Tornado o. i


L.Michigan Casia


Latteit's .


Sta. Brucella


Tried


Lent Cr.


ECA U


IRE


L


A


Log


Ro


K


Spuncor


Belle Plaine;


Mannville


cuts Pleine:


Waukechron


o gay Banks


17


Exter


oye'n Star.


Terry's


akPelle


Christie o


grund


Otter Creek O


Wentons Rapido


23


Bakderde OAuburndale


. I Red Wine


Maple Works


PRunkels Mills A


º Nacarina


Fewsettsville


Yaronritle


Beom Track E


o:Narel


Stinson This Dnek C


KEWAU-


am O Alqaka


18


Hanlin


Neillsville


021


Vesper


Fill Cre


O


G


Gree.g&g


o Rynn


WAUPACA IS


18


Stockholur


rt Ridge


OBny


Ring Kewnance


BU


Shioctop


Bolle Crirt


0


D


Plager Amherst


Atghani Scandina


ONEIDA


urn King's CoolTO


Milan


IRIS


"Wabasha


Elke reck o +


Carlton


MINNESOTA & CentralLA


7e G'4 Rapids


Fontenoy


tribo Sts.


19


glodupea


-of Hatfield P.O


"Semailon JEkter V


Buena Vista


Krewe,


to Waupaca Bon


WISCONSIN.


THAppleton


Denmark


o Sandy Bay


Taylor Sta'.


Black River Falls


Bear's Mary


: 8 4 Sumird's Bancroft


O Niero


19


O R-Fala Cuy


Arcadia


N


o Brater Crack Irsin


Sheppard's


021


Irving Kuy


PRINCIPAL


Home


Meadow Valley


Neu Rome


a. Drie Roaring C ...


PlainfieldP


King's Trady


20


PBester JHL 6.44


Neshola


SNOOS12


Cataract Warrens MAIS


19


"Mather'


Big Fints


PHancock'


Pater


we River


Mintorville


Calo grafen


nuaire Rapida


20


Rochester


Hitchcock


ADAMS


Waulong


A


CALUMETMM


'Manitowoc


14


Tuborg City


Ilconsin Valley


Coloma Sti


Chiltone


0


M


Necedan


Praise Ark


Osbhod


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DELAWARE AND MARYLAND,


New York and Wilmington for the transportation of freight prin- cipally. Dover, the capital, is a quiet little city of about 5,000 inhabitants.


Products and Commerce .- The principal products are wheat, maize, oats, potatoes, flax, wool, fruit, and timher. The flour is of superior quality, and much esteemed for its softness and white- ness. Delaware raises the hest peaches sent to market. New York, Philadelphia, and Boston are supplied with peaches and apples from her orchards.


Education, etc .- The subject of education in this State is left to the school voters in each district. The Governor is required to appoint annually a school superintendent for each county.


MARYLAND.


ARYLAND, one of the thirteen original States, lies between M latitude 37deg. 48min. and 39deg. 44min. north, and longitude 75deg. 4min. and 79deg. 33min. west; and is bounded on the north by Pennsylvania; east hy Delaware and the Atlantic; and southwest and west, hy Virginia, from which it is separated by the Potomac River. It has an area of 11,124 square miles, or 7,119,360 acres. The two portions into which Chesapeake Bay divides the State are called the. east and west shores; the former heing low, undulating, and alluvial, while that on the west side, though at first of the same character, gradually rises on procced- ing westward. The northwestern part of the State is traverscd hy some offshoots of the Allegbanies, which have an elevation of about 3,000 feet. These ridges hear the local names of Southeast Mountain, Sugar-Loaf Mountain, Catoctin, Blue Ridge, Rugged Mountain, Kittatinny and Will's Mountain. The sea-coast has a length of thirty three miles; hut including the whole tide-water region of Chesapeake Bay, the shore line is estimated at 411 miles.


History, Government, and Finances,-Maryland was named in honor of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., who granted to Lord Baltimore a charter for the territory within the present limits of Maryland. The first settlement was made in 1631 hy Captain William Clayborne on Kent Island, Chesapeake Bay. The charter under which Maryland was permanently established was granted to Cecilius Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore, hy Charles I., in 1632. On November 22d, 1633, ahout 200 Roman Catholics sailed from the Isle of Wight, and landed on the Island of St. Clement, March 25th, 1634. They took possession of the new territory with religious ceremonies. Ten days later they hegan a settlement at St. Mary's on the mainland. These settlers were gentlemen of fortune and respectability, wbo had left the land of their hirth to seek a spot where they could worsbip God as their consciences dictated. They are known in bistory as the "Pilgrims of St. Mary's." Leonard Calvert, brother of the lord proprietary, and under whose guidance the colonists came from England, was the first governor. Clayhorne refused to acknowl- edge the authority of the new-comers, and finally he and his adherents were driven out of the country. The first legislature met in 1639, and much salutary legislation followed. In 1642 a company of Puritaus, who had heen driven from Virginia as Non- conformists, settled in Maryland, and attempted to get the con- trol of the government. Clayhorne and his men had returned and occupied Kent island, and he, in conjunction with the Virginia Puritans, overcame the government and compelled the governor to fly into Virginia. In 1646, the governor returned with a mili- tary force, and defeated his overthrowers. In 1649 the assembly passed an act of religious toleration, which the present inhabitants of the State may look hack upon with just pride. It allowed everyhody to work out his own salvation, and worship God in any way he might see fit. The Puritans settled at Providence, now Annapolis, which hecame the seat of government. They con- tinued to annoy the government, and, as a means of pacification, their settlement was made, in 1650, a distinct county, and named Anne Arundel, in honor of Lady Anne Arundel, subsequently the wife of the second Lord Baltimore. More members of this denomination arriving from England, Charles county was organ- ized for them, and thenceforward they were the dominant party in the government. In 1654 Lord Baltimore made efforts to regain the colony, hut he had hardly resumed the reins of govern- ment when he was again deposed hy the Puritans. A civil con- test now ensued, and many excesses were committed hy the con- tending parties. Providence, the seat of the Puritan government, was attacked on March 25, 1655, hy the royal party. The Puri- tans were victorious, and captured the royal governor, who, with others, was condemned to death, and four of the condemned were executed. Three years later the power of the proprietary was restored, and Philip Calvert, his hrother, was appointed governor. In 1660, twenty-six years from the founding of the colony, the


population was 16,000. In 1715 the authority of the proprietary was finally re-established in tho colony, having been suspended twenty-four years. From this time until the outbreak of the Freuch war in 1753, tho history of Maryland is devoid of any event of importance. Baltimore was laid out in 1729, and in 1745 the first newspaper printed iu this State was established, In 1756 the population was computed to he 154,188.


In the war with the French, Maryland bore an active part. Tho expedition of Braddock against Fort Duquesne was organized in this State. Maryland maufully opposed the stamp act and the tea duty, aud the proprietary government gave place to commit- tees of public safety and conventions of the people. On the 5th of February, 1777, the first elected legislaturo assembled at Annapolis, and eight days later the first republican governor was chosen. The Marylanders were engaged in nearly every hattle of the Revolution, and under the designation of tho "Maryland line," signally distinguished themselves. In tho latter part of December, 1783, Washington resigned his commission at Annapo- lis. The Federal Constitution was adopted in tho Maryland con- vention hy a vote of 63 to 11. Maryland suffered much hy the war of 1812. Frenchtown, Havre de Grace, Fredericktown, and Georgetown were plundered and hurned hy the British, aud in 1814 the militia of the State opposed the march of the British to Washingtou, but without success. On September 13, 1814, the battle of North Point was fought, and on the following day an attack was made upon Baltimore by the homhardment of Fort McHenry. A hrave defence was made, and in two days later the British fleet sailed down the hay. At the outhreak of the late war Marylaud held the halance of power on account of the situa- tiou of the Federal capital at Washiugtou. The people were Southern in their sympathies, hut were overawed, and gave a tacit adhesion to the Union cause, though her troops fought on hoth sides throughout the war.


The constitution of 1851 is the hasis of the government of Maryland, The goveruor, who is elected by a plurality vote, is chosen for four years. The legislature meets hut once in two years. It is composed of a senate, consisting of twenty-four members elected for four years, one-half every second year, and a house of delegates consisting of eighty-six memhers, elected every two years. The State is divided into three gubernatorial districts, called east, middle, and north, and the governor is elected from each in rotation. The office of lieutenant-governor is dispeused with ; the president of the senate exercises the executive power on the death or disability of the governor. The governor appoints the chief executive officers, which are a secretary of state, treas- urer, and controller. Maryland sends six representatives to Con- gress, and casts eight electoral votes.




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