USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 35
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9 There are 5 churches in town; Bap., M. E., Presb., Wes. Meth., and Christian.
10 Named froin Oliver Phelps, one of the original proprietors of the town.
3.9
4.12
498
ONTARIO COUNTY.
daga and corniferous limestone. Phelps,1 (p. v.,) on Flint Creek, ncar its junction with the Canandaigua Outlet, was incorp. Jan. 2, 1855. It contains a union school, newspaper office, and 6 churches. Pop. 1,278. Orleans (p. v.) is situated on Flint Crcck. Pop. 218. Oaks Corners (p. o.) contains 15 houses.2 J. D. Robinson, from Clavcrack, Columbia co., settled at - Phelps in 1789.3 Rev. S. Goodale was the first resident prcacher; he held services in schoolhouses and dwellings before any church edifice was erected. The first church (Presb.) was built in 1804.4
RICHMOND-was formed in 1796, under the act of Jan. 27, 1789, as "Pittstown." Its name was changed to "Honeoye" April 6, 1808, and to Richmond April 11, 1815. A part of Cana- dice was annexed April 30, 1836, and parts of Bristol and South Bristol in 1848; but the latter were restored in 1852. It lies upon the w. border of the co., s. of the center. It consists of a nearly square portion of land lying ncar the foot of Honeoye Lake, and a narrow strip extending along the E. shore of that lake and its inlet to the s. border of the co.5 A wide valley occupies the center, opening toward the N., and surrounded by hills from 50 to 200 fect high on the 3 remaining sides. The southern strip is very hilly, the summits rising 500 feet above the surface of the lake. Honeoye and Hemlock Outlets and Egypt Brook are the principal streams. The soil upon the lowlands is clay, upon the hills a sandy loam mixed with clay. Much attention is given to im- proving the breeds of cattle and sheep; and it is the largest wool growing town in the co., and sec- ond in the State. Honeoye, (p. v.,) at the foot of IIoncoye Lake, is the business center of the town. Pop. 244. Richmond Mills (p. o.) and Allens Hill6 (p. o.) are hamlets. This town was purchased of Phelps and Gorham by a company; and the first settlement was made by Capt. Peter Pitts and his sons William and Gideon, in 1789.7 There are 5 churches in town.8
SENECA-was formed in 1793, under the act of Jan. 27, 1789. It is the s. E. corner town of the co., lying upon the w. shore of Seneca Lake. The surface is beautifully rolling, the ridges rising 20 to 200 feet above the valleys. The shores of the lake are bluffs about 100 feet above the surface of the water. The streams are Flint and Keshong Creeks and Burralls and Castle Brooks. The soil is a deep, rich loam, consisting of sand, gravel, and clay mixcd together, the gravel predominating upon the ridges. The soil is admirably adapted to the production of fruit trees, and the business of the nursery has become one of the leading pursuits in the town. Two large nursery establishments are located within the limits of the village of Geneva. Com- merce and manufactures receive considerable attention. Geneva,? (p. v.,) incorp. April 4, 1806, is beautifully situated at the foot of Seneca Lake. It contains a flourishing union school,10 a large private boarding school,11 3 newspaper offices, and 9 churches. It is also the seat of Hobart Free College.12 The Geneva Water Cure and Hygienic Institute is finely situated near the center of the village. A daily line of steamers connects this place with the upper ports upon Seneca Lake. Pop. 5,057. Castleton, (Seneca Castle p.o.,) on Flint Creek, in the N. w. part, contains 2 churches and 35 dwellings. Flint Creek, (p.o., ) Halls Corners, (p.o.,) and Stanleys
1 Formerly called "Vienna."
2 Tho culture of raspberries has recently been introduced in this vicinity, and promises to be successful.
8 N. Sanborn, - Gould, - Pierce, Phlletus Swift, and lihu Granger, from Conn., settled in town in 1789; Thaddeus Oaks, Seth Dean, Oliver and Charles Humphrey, John Salishury, Nicholas Pullen, Walter Chase, and Elias Dickinson in 1791; John Patten and David Boyd in 1792; Jonathan Melvin in 1793; and John Sherman, Joseph and Lodowick Vandemark, and John and Patrick Burnett in 1794. Henry HI. Robinson was the first child born in town; and the first marriage was that of Philetus Swift and Sally Dean, in 1793. Thaddeus Oaks opened the first tavern, in 1793; and the first saw and grist mills were built by Seth Dean.
4 There are 10 churches in town; 4 Bap., 3 Presb., 2 M. E., and a Prot. Epis.
5 This strip was added to the town in consequence of its posi- tion, high mountain ridges separating it from the business cen- ters of both Canadice and Sontb Bristol.
6 Named in honor of Nathaniel Allen. Mr. Allen was among the first settlers, and established the first blacksmith's shop at Allens Hill. Subsequently he was sheriff of Ontario co .; in 1812 he was a member of the Assembly ; during the War of 1812 he was army paymaster ; and in 1819 he was elected member of Congress from the 21st district.
7 In 1795, Lemuel and Cyrus Chipman, Pbilip Reed, Levi Blackmer, Nathauiol Harmon, Pierce Chamberlain, Asa Deni- son, aud Isaac Adams, from Vermont, settled in town. Capt. Pitts opened tho first tavern; and the first saw and grist mills were built by Thomas Morris, in 1795. Upon tbe divi- sion of the lands, Capt. Pitts secured 3,000 acres at the foot of Honeoye Lake, embracing the flats and a cleared field wbich had heen the site of an Indian village destroyed by Sullivan's army. Lonis Philippe, during his travels in this country, spent & night in the log bouse of Capt. Pitts; and subsequently the
Duke de Liancourt and suite went from Canandaigua to make [ him a visit.
8 2 Cong., Prot. Epis., Prot. Meth., and Wes. Meth.
9 This village is justly celebrated for the beauty of Its situa- tion ; and perhaps no village in the co. in this respect has been so generally and enthusiastically praised by tourists. For many years it was one of the leading business places in Central N. Y ; hut the completion of the R. R. lines has turned a large share of tbe business into other channels.
10 This nnion school was one of the first established in the State, and for a long time was taken as a model in establishing others. It early contained an academic department that enjoyed an excellent reputation. The schools of the village are now graded, and embrace a complete common school and academic course.
11 The Walnnt Hill Seminary, for boys, is a flourisbing institu- tion of its kind. For particulars see p. 741.
12 Formerly Geneva College. It was incorp. in 1825, and was established mainly through the Influence of Bishop Hobart, whose name it bears. A medical department was organized in 1836. The trustees and members of the College Faculty aro generally members of the Prot. Epis. church. From the be- ginning, however, the college has been equally open to all; and it is now free to all, no charge being made for tuition and room rent. It has now two large buildings for the use of students -- one for libraries and lecture rooms, one for a chapel-and a spacious building for the use of tho medical department. Tho college has a president, 4 professors, sn assistant professor. and a resident fellow, who takes part in the business of instruction ; and the medical department has a Faculty of 6 professors. In | 1859 tbe number of students in the free classes was 85. The aggregate value of the college property is abont $160,000. The college buildings are beautifully situated in the s. part of tho village, on a bluff which overlooks Seneca Lake. The college grounds contain ahove 12 acres. In 1858 the whole number of graduates in arts was 246 and in medicine 520.
499
ONTARIO COUNTY.
Corners1 (p. o.) are hamlets. The first settlement was commenced in 1787, upon the site of the Indian village of Kanadesaga, by immigrants from New England .? This village was situated at the foot of Seneca Lake, where Gencva now is; and for several years after Geneva had become a place of considerable importance it was called "Kanadesaga." An ancient fortification, known as Fort Hill, is located on lot 58. It was covered with large forest trees upon the first settlement of the town. Another beautiful ground, called the "Old Castle," is about 1} mi. N. w. of Geneva. It is covered by an Indian orchard, and the ground has never been plowed, because of a stipula- tion to that effect made with the Indians in the treaty of purchase. It contains an Indian burial ground; and in one corner may be traced a trench of an ancient stockaded fortification. Here was the largest Indian settlement in Western New York, and it is still a place of much interest to the few remaining descendants of the once powerful Five Nations. Many relics-as stone hatchets, arrow heads, pipes, &c .- are found in the vicinity of "Old Castle." As early as 1765, the Rev. Samuel Kirkland came on a mission to the Indians at Kanadesaga." The first church (Presb.) was organized in 1798; and the first settled minister was Rev. Jedediah Chapman.5
SOUTH BRISTOL-was formed from Bristol, March 8, 1838. It lies upon the w. shore of Canandaigua Lake, s. w. of the center of the co. The surface consists of an elevated upland, divided into 4 ranges by the valleys of Grindstone and Mud Creeks and Egypt Brook. The sum- mits of the ridges are about 1000 feet above the lake, and the declivities are very steep. The bluffs upon the lake shore are 300 to 400 fect high. The soil is a mixture of clay and disintegrated slate. Although the soil is rich and productive, the hilly character of the town has tended to retard its settlement. Cold Spring (South Bristol p.o.) is a hamlet about a mi. from Canandaigua Lake. Frost Hill is a hamlet in the w. part. Gamaliel Wilder, from Mass., purchased this township from Phelps and Gorham, and settled at Wilburs Point, on Canandaigua Lake, in 1789.6 . An Indian orchard on the lake shore at this point induced him to settle here. Rev. Mr. Rolph was the first settled minister. There is now but 1 church (Presb.) in town.
VICTOR-was formed from Bloomfield, May 26, 1812. It is the N. w. corner town of the co. The N. part is occupied by the drift ridges, which rise 50 to 150 feet above the general surface. A ridge of 100 to 280 fect in height extends across the s. part in a general E. and w. direction. The principal streams are Irondequoit, Mud, IIog Hollow, and Fish Crceks, and Trout Brook. The soil in the center and N. is a light, sandy and gravelly loam, hut in the s. E. it is principally clay. It is particularly adapted to the cultivation of potatoes and root crops. Victor,7 (p. v.,) near the center, contains about 75 dwellings. The Indian village of Gannagaro, which was de- stroyed by the Marquis de Nonville, was situated near this place.8 Fishers (p. o.) is a station on the N. Y. C. R. R., in the w. part; and East Victor is a hamlet, on Mud Creek The first settlement was commenced in 1789, by immigrants from Stockbridge, Mass. Among the first werc Enos and Jared Boughton, and Jacob Lobdell.9 Rev. Reuben Parmelee, fromn Goshen, the first settled minister, came to the town in 1798.10
WEST BLOOMFIELD-was formed from Bloomfield, Feb. 11, 1833. It lies upon the w. border of the co., N. of the center. A ridge 200 to 300 fect high, forming the declivity of a southern terrace, extends across the N. part. The surface is gently undulating. The soil is a deep, rich, gravelly loam mixed with clay. In the s. part there is a spring of inflammable or carburctted hydrogen gas. Tile and earthenwarc are manufactured to some extent in town. West Bloom- field (p. v.) is a village of 350 inhabitants,11 situated 1} mi. s. of the W. Bloomfield Station, on
1 Gorham Station on the E. J. & C. R. R.
2 Among the first settlers were Iloratio Jones, Asa Ransom, Lark Jennings, Dr. Benton, Peter Ryckman, Peter Bortte. Col. Seth Reed, and Dominick Debartzch. an Indian trader. Jona than Whitney, Jonathan Oaks, Benjamin Tuttle. Phineas Stone, and John Reed settled in 1788 and '89; Solomon and William Gates, Thomas Densmore, Solomon Weaver. and Oliver Whit- more in 1790, and Adam, Christian, Christopher, and George Fisher in 1791. Lark Jennings kept the first tavern, in 1788; the first gristmill was erected by Cornelius Roberts; and the first sawmill, by P. B. Wisner, in 1798. The first marriage was that of Dr. Joel Prescott and Miss Phila Reed; and the first school was taught by Samuel Wheaton, in 1792.
3 For many years after this purchase the Indians came regu- larly at plowing time and watched this orchard, to see that the stipulation was not broken.
+ Subsequently Mr. Kirkland was commissioned by the State of Mass. to treat with the Indians; and he conducted the treaty of purchase between them and Phelps and Gorham, in 1788; and afterward he acted as Indian agent for 30 years at Canan- daigua.
6 There are 12 churches in town; 2 Prot. E., 3 Presb., 2 Asso. Ref. Presb., 2 M. E., Bap., Ref. Prot. D., Univ., and R. C.
6 Among the other early settlers who came in soon after Mr. Wilder. between 1789 and 1796, were Theophilus and Matthew Allen, Joseph Gilbert, Jared Tuttle, Peter Ganiard. Levi Austin, Nathaniel Hatch, and their families. Mr. Wilder built the first sawmill, the first gristmill, and distillery, at Wilburs Point, in 1795. Ile also erected the first public house, in 1808, which he conducted for 9 years. Dr. Hewitt and George Wilder opened the first store, in 1828. The first school was taught by Joanna Forbes. Eli Allen was the first child born, in 1793.
7 Called by the Indians Ga-o'sa-ga-o, in the basswood country. 8 See page 493.
º Levi Bonghton and Rufus Dryer settled at Boughton Ilill, in 1790. The first birth was that of Frederick Boughton, in June, 1791 ; and the first marriage, that of Zebulon Norton and Miss Boughton. The first tavern was opened at Boughton Hill, by Hezekiah Boughton, in 1792; and the first sawmill was built the same year, hy Enos and Jared Boughton.
10 There are 3 clinrches in town ; Cong .. M. E., and Univ.
11 Called by the Indians Ga-nun'da-ak, village on a hilltop.
500
ONTARIO COUNTY.
the N. Y. C. R. R. North Bloomfield, (p. v.,) on the IIoneoye Outlet, and Millers Corners, (Taylorsville p. o.,) in the E. part, are R. R. stations. The territory forming this town was purchased by Amos Hall,1 Robert Taft, Nathan Marvin, and Ebenezer Curtis; and the first settlement was made by them in 1789.2 The first religious services were held in 1793.8
Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Families, Freeholders, Schools, Live Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufactures, of Ontario County.
ACRES OF LAND.
VALUATION OF 1858.
POPULATION.
SCHOOLS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Real Estate.
Personal
Property.
Total.
Males.
Females.
No. of Dwellings.
No. of Families.
Freeholders.
No. of
Children laught.
Bristol
17,023
5,945₺
$452,676
$72,249
$524,925 230,800
862
853 486
334 185
397
316
571
Canadice ..
10,799
4,959}
195,699
35,101
678,074
3,100,994
3,166
3,314
1,108
1,184
767
20
2,213
East Bloomfield
13,277
2,906
717,501
121,050
838,551
1,117 998
1,051
397
406
339
11
701
Farmington
19,6764 22,2944
7,621}
955,794
121,670
1,077,464 839,417
910
873
305
321
237
13
631
Manchester
18,085
3,175}
930,704
111,679
1,042,383
1,541
1,468
533
569
349
15
1,232
Naples
13,958
10,117
257,589
56,814
314,403
1,08S
1,030
408
409
346
17
911
Phelps
33,409₺
6,675
1,650,475
182,125
1,832,600
2.694
2.599
1,005
1,014
761
19
1,905
Richmond.
18,827
6,979
656,152
240,600
896,752
767
728
285
291
206
11
543
Seneca
32,802
10,324
3,087,504
1,354,265
4,441,769
4,033
4,265
1,480
1,589
909
19
2,822
South Bristol ..
10,180
13,595
207,851
12,948
220,799
614
565
225
241
202
12
477
Victor
16,051
3,969
787,083
105,430
892,513
1,153
1,055
415
426
295
11
782
West Bloomfield.
12,726
2,946}
486,966
82,435
569,401
820
801
298
325
258
9
594
Total.
290,639}
97,108 ||14,338,690 3,397,735 17.736,425 21,439 21,235
7,828
8,180
5,845
209
15,435
Winter.
Spring.
Tons of Ilay.
Bushels of
Potatoes.
Bushels of
Pounds
Pounds
Cheese.
in yards.
Bristol
736
925
693
6,949
1,427
28,440
68.949
2,795₴
6,454
47,339
60,225
22,724
5511
Canadice.
459
670
424
2,770
603
17,264
20,3441
1,2634
3,119
6,543
36,625
4,262
130
Canandaigua
1,506
2.381
1,615 15,988
3,618
60,744
169,425
5,344₺
10,836
34,331
146,897
22,901
East Bloomfield ..
666
873
692
7,956
1,183
41,446
91,109
2.057+
9,511
19.052
53,939
8,838
10
Farmington
823
1,600
1,130 10.264
1,748
31,322
110,355}
2,875
11,696
30,848
93,258
27,407
325
Gorliam
1,318
1,433
892 10,279
1,649
27,604}
97,796
2.972}
6,034
22,318
90,059|
10,053
170
Ilope well
737
1,072
734
5,625
1,503
21,401
96,619
2,394
9,201
31,881
66,170
12,522
247
Manchester
882
1,315
965
7.419
1,773
29.827 ₺
121,048
2,4641
14,838
22,729
79,571
15,293
189
Naples.
643
1,089
708
6,602
1,121
16,867
27,348}
1,821
5,472
17,173
75,160
7,210
1,076
Phelps
1,710
2,200
2,043 13,141
3,575
66,184
257,571
5,085₺
48,284
43,154
174,832
33,096
357
Richmond ....
719
1,485
658
1,413
38,050
64,936
3,224
4,172
19,773
54,236
12.715
51
Seneca
1,556
1,969
1,795
884
2,892
32,044
206,446
4,863
12,514
47,753
149,581
11,805
573
Sonth Bristol
400
691
464
557
787
10,775
11,663
1,297
1,904
6,232
55,548
3,040
430
Victor ....
902
1,212
820
392
1,775
84,823
102,950
2,224
33,892
29,950
72,049
5,370
105
West Bloomfield
603
845
579
1,038
1.252
37,698
70,924
1,767
10,973
18,022
14,947
8,685
Total
13,660 19,760 14,202 10,086 26,419544,490
1,527,484} 42,4484 188,900 397,098 1,223,097 205,921 |4,885
1 Mr. Hall was from Guilford, Conn. He took the first | Peregrine, are supposed to have heen the first settlers. The census of Ontario co., in 1790; represented the co. in Assembly, first birth was that of Lucinda Gardner, in Sept. 1791. Jasper P. Sears kept the first inn, and Royal Hendee the first store. The first sawmill was built hy Ebenezer Curtis; and the first in 1798; and was Major General of militia in the War of 1812. & John P. Sears, Peregrine Gardner, Clark Peck, Jasper Mar- vin, Samnel Miller, John Algur, and S. Thayer settled in the gristmill, by Reuben Thayer. town in 1789-90. Benjamin Gardner, with his sons John and |
AORICULTURAL PRODUCTS,
BUSH. OF GRAIN.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Horses.
Working
Oren and
Calves.
Cows.
Sheep.
Swine.
913,654
952
354
368
309
15
669
Gorliam
16,685
4.043
767,927
71,490
1.185
1,195
496
455
388
16
932
Hopewell
34,846₺
8.433
5,419
761,849
151,805
Districts.
163
9
449
Canandaigua
491
185
Apples.
Butter.
Domestic Cloths,
6701
2,422,920
LIVE STOCK.
8 There are now 3 churches in town; Cong., M. E., and Chi is.
ORANGE COUNTY.
Tins eounty was formed Nov. 1, 1683. Rockland was taken off in 1798, and a portion was annexed from Ulster the same year. It lics upon the w. bank of the Hudson, s. E. of the center of the State. It is centrally distant 90 miles from Albany, and contains 838 sq. mi. The surface is mountainous upon the s. E. and N. w. borders, and a rolling upland through the eenter. The Matteawan or South Mts. extend in several parallel ranges from the N. J. line N. E. to the Hudson, ending in the rocky and precipitous bluffs known as "The Highlands." The highest summits attain an elevation of 1,000 to 1,500 ft. above tide. The ranges and peaks of these mountains arc known by several distinet names.1 The whole region ineluded between these ranges consists of steep and precipitous rocky peaks and narrow winding ravines, a small portion only being susceptible of eultivation. The Shawan- gunk Mt. Range extends from Delaware River N. E. through the N. w. corner of the eo. It is a high, unbroken rangc, precipitous upon the w., but with more gradual slopes upon the E. The highest summits are 1,500 to 1,900 ft. above tide. The extreme N. w. corner of the eo. is occupied by the series of highlands extending from the Delaware into Sullivan eo. The eentral portion of the co., lying between the two mountain systems, is a rolling upland, broken in many places by abrupt and isolated hills and the deep valleys of streams. This whole region, comprising more than one-half of the entire surface of the eo., is suseeptible of eultivation, and forms a fine agricul- tural district.
Along the s. w. border, extending through several towns and into N. J., is a low, flat region, lying upon the streams, and known as the "Drowned Lands." This tract, consisting of about 17,000 acres, was originally covered with water and a densc growth of cedars; but a large portion of it has been drained and reclaimed ; and it now foris one of the finest agricultural portions of the eo.
Neversink River flows s. along the w. foot of the Shawangunk Mts. and forms a tributary of the Delaware. Shawangunk River flows N. along the E. foot of the same mountains and forms a tributary of the Hudson. Wall Kil flows N. through ncar the center of the co. and unites with the Shawangunk in Ulster co. Murderers Kil,2 and its principal tributary, Otter Creck, flow E. through near the center of the eo. and discharge their waters into the Hudson. Wawayanda Creek flows s. into N. J. and, re-entering the State as Potuck Creek, unites with the Wall Kil. Ramapo River rises in the s. part of the eo. and flows s. into Roekland. In the s. are several small lakes, the principal of which are Greenwood Lake and Thompsons and Mambasha Ponds. The rocks of the southern highlands are principally granite, gneiss, and sienite, with oeeasional injected veius of trap. The rocks which compose the Shawaugunk Mts. are the shales and sandstones of the Chemung group. The eentral portions of the eo. are oceupied by parallel strata of the Hamilton shalcs, Helderbergh limestones and grit, Medina sandstone, and the gray sand- stones, all extending N. E. and s. w., respectively, from the E. foot of the Shawangunk Mts. An abundance of iron, consisting of magnetie ores and red and brown hematite, is found among the southern mountains; and several veins have been extensively worked.3 The soil is as various as the surface. Among the primitive mountains it is light, sandy, and unproductive. In the N. w part it is a tough clay, generally underlaid by hardpan. Through the center it is a clay, sandy, and gravelly loam upon the hills, and a fine quality of gravelly loam and alluvium in the valleys, -all very produetive. The Drowned Lands are covered with alluvium and vegetable mold, and are among the most fertile lands in the State. The various branches of agriculture form the leading pursuit of the people. The most important interest is the sending of milk to the N. Y. market. Butter, spring grains, and fruits are also largely produced. Market gardening is a large and increasing souree of publie wealth. The manufacturing interests of the co. are considerable, though they are mostly confined to a few places. The manufacture of iron has formed an exten-
1 Among the principal ridges are the Warwick, Bellvale, Rough, and Sterling Ranges, near the s. border of the co., and the Schunemnuk Range, between the towns of Monroe and Blooming Grove.
3 The skeletons of several mastodons have been found in this Co ..-- mostly in Montgomery and vicinity. One of these was ex. hibited many years in Peale's Museum. Philadelphia. One found in 1844 by Nathaniel Brewster. 20 ft. below the surface, " Named from the murder of a family of whites who lived ' was 33 ft. long The whole number of bones was 220, and the upon its banks, by the Indians, in early times.
aggregate weight nearly 1,995 pounds.
501
502
ORANGE COUNTY.
sive business from an early period until within a few years; but at the present time only two fur- naces are in operation in the co. The proximity to New York renders the lauds of the co. ex- ceedingly valuable; and, with proper care, almost any crop adapted to the climate can be success- fully and profitably cultivated. Considerable commerce is carried on by means of the IIudson, the principal export being lumber brought from the West upon the R. R. and trans-shipped at New- burgh.
The county is a half-shire, the courts being held respectively at Goshen and Newburgh.1 The courthouse at Goshen is a brick building, situated upon a fine lot in the E. part of the village. The jail is a stone building, in rcar of the courthouse. The co. clerk's office is a fireproof brick build- ing, upon the street opposite the courthouse. The courthouse at Newburgh is located upon the high land in the w. part of the village. It is a fine brick building, fronting s. upon Second St. The jail at Newburgh is connected with the police establishment of the village. The poorhouse is located upon a farm of 267 acres in Goshen, 32 mi. s. w. of the village. The average number of inmates is 200, supported at a weekly cost of $1.04 cach. The building is of stone, and has accommodations for 300. A school is taught during the entire year. The accommodations are reported by the Senate Committee of 1857 as good, and the general management of the institution as much above the average. The income from the farm is about $2,000. The N. Y. & Erie R. R. extends through Monroc, Blooming Grove, Chester, Goshen, Wawayanda, Walkill, Mount Hope, and Deerpark. The Newburgh branch of this road extends s. w. from Newburgh, through New Windsor and Blooming Grove, to Chester .? The Delaware & Hudson Canal extends from the Delaware River N. along the valley of the Neversink, through Deerpark.3 In the central part of the co. a wide ditch has been dug, for the purpose of draining the Drowned Lands, which has been of immense value to the county.
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