USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 55
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6 Univ .. Bap., F. W. Bap., and M. E.
; Named from Gouverneur Morris, the proprietor of most of the town. It originally embraced the township of "Cambray," or No. S of the " Ten Tous."
8 Among the useful minerals are red specular iron ore, marble, limpid caleite, sulphate of harytes, serpentine, Rensselaerito, mica, tourmaline, and fluorspar; and among those interesting to men of science are spinelle, scapolite, tremalite, schorl, sphene, chondvodite, opatite, Babingtonite, and Houghite.
" The " Gouverneur High School" was opened in 1826, and incorp. April 25, 1828. A new edifice was erected in 1834; and in 1837
Conference. The building was burned in 1839, and a new stone edifice erected the next year. The name was changed to the Gouverneur Wesleyan Seminary April 25, 1840. It is a flourish- ing institution.
10 The first party of settlers camo through the wilderness from the head of Lake George, guided by a compass. They were seven days on the journey. Among the settlers in 1806 were Pardon Babcock, Willard Smith, Eleazar Nichols, and Isaac Austin, who all occupied a small shanty in common. In 1810 there were 50 families in town. A blockhouse was built in 1812, near where the store of Harvey D. Smith now stands. Miss E. S. Sackett taught the first school, in the first shanty; Israel Porter kept the first Inn, and John Brown the first store, in 1808. The first reli- gious servires were held in 1806, by imissionaries. The first child horn was Allen Smith ; tho first marriage, that of Medad Colu and Miss Patterson; and tho first death, that of Emily Porter.
11 There are 5 churches in town ; 2Cong., Univ., Bap., and M. E .; the last hold their meetings in the chapel of the academy.
12 Named from Abijah Hammond, of New York, proprietor. It embraces the greater part of No. I of Great Tract No. III, Ma- coinb's Purchase.
18 Cross-over-Island Lighthouse was built just above this place In 1847.
14 The first of these were John and David Gregor, John Baird, John and James Hill, and Peter Allen. James Scott taught the first school, in 1818-19.
16 Presb., M. E., F. W. Bap., and Prot: E.
37
578
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
HERMON --- was formed from Edwards and De Kalb, April 17, 1830, and named "Depau." The name was changed Feb. 28, 1834, and a part was annexed to Edwards in 1850. It lies in the primitive region, s. w. of the center of the co. The surface is generally rolling, but broken and hilly in the s. part. Elm and Cedar Creeks are the principal streams. Trout and Clear Lakes lie near the s. border, and Gardners Pond near the center of the town. The soil is generally a sandy loam interspersed with tracts of sand, and is best adapted to grazing. Hermon (p. v.) is situated on Elm Creek, in the N. E. corner of the town. Pop. 346. Marshville is a hamlet, I mi. . s. of Ilermon. The first settlement was made by Jas. Taylor, and a few others who came soon after him, previous to 1812.ª The town did not begin to be settled rapidly until 1822-25. Rev. Mr. Wright was the first preacher.3
HOPKINTON'-was formed from Massena, March 2, 1805. Russell was taken off in 1807, Parishville in 1818, and a part of Lawrence in 1828. It lies along the E. border of the co., and is the second largest town in the State. Its surface is level in the N., but broken and hilly in the s. It is crossed by the St. Regis and Racket Rivers; and in the central and s. parts are several extensive lakes, the principal of which is Tuppers Lake, on the line of Franklin co. The whole town is a wilderness, except the extreme N. part and a small tract upon Tuppers Lake. The soil is a fertile loam in the N. part. Hopkinton (p. v.) contains about 20 houses. Nicholville is a small village on the line of Lawrence and mostly in the latter town. Fort Jackson, in the N. part, on St. Regis, is a hamlet of a dozen houses. The first settlement in town was made by Roswell Hopkins, in 1802.5 In 1814 a party of British, consisting of 30 men, under Maj. P. W. De Haven, visited this town and captured a large amount of flour belonging to the U. S., which was here stored in a barn.6 In the spring of 1858 a company consisting of 13 families located in the vicinity of Tuppers Lake, with the design of forming an agricultural settlement." The township of Mortlake, or No. 3 of Tract II, has been called " Atherton," but it has yet no legal organization. There are 4 religious societics in town.8
LAWRENCE9-was formed from Hopkinton and Brasher, April 21, 1828. It lies on the E. border of the co., N. of the center. The surface is very level, and the soil is a fertile, sandy loam underlaid by Potsdam sandstone. It is drained by St. Regis and Deer Rivers. Lawrence- ville (p. v.) and North Lawrence (p. v.) are villages upon Deer River, each with a pop. of about 220. The latter is a station on the Northern R. R. Nicholville,1º (p. v.,) on the line of Ilopkinton, contains about 200 inhabitants. The first settlement began in 1806.11 Since the completion of the R. R. this town has rapidly increased in population. The Quakers held the first meeting in 1808. There are 7 churches in town.12
LISBON-was formed March 6, 1801.13 Madrid and Oswegatchie were taken off in 1802, and Canton in 1805. It lies upon the St. Lawrence, N. w. of the center of the co. Its surface is level or gently undulating. It is drained by Great and Little Sucker Creeks, and several smaller strcams. Its soil is a light but fertile loam underlaid by calciferous sandstone. The town includes Gallop14 Island in the river. Lisbon Center (p. o.) is a station on the Ogdensburgh R. R., and contains about a dozen houses. Flackville15 (p. o.) is a hamlet, on the Ogdensburgh & Canton Road. Red Mills16 (Lisbon p. o.) is a hamlet, on the river, opposite Gallop Island. This town was the first one organized in the co. The first settlement was made by Wm. O'Neal, in 1799. Alex. J. Turner came in as agent in Feb. 1800.17 IIe was from Salem, N. Y., and induced many families
1 Named from Scripture. It embraces " Fitz William," or No. [ born, of Nashua, N. II., Elbridge G. Read and Wm. D. Beason, 9 of Great Tract No. III, Macomb's Purchase, and parts of other townshipa.
2 Among the early settlers were Geo. Davis, Philemon Stuart, Jas. Farr, Ariel Inman, and Rufus Hopkins. William D. Moore tanght the first school, in 1817. The first death was that of Thos. Farr.
3 There are 3 churches in town; M. E., Bap, and Christian.
4 Named from Roswell Hopkins, the first settler. It embraces the townships of "Oakham," " Mortlake," "Jamestown," " Pierce- field," Hollywood," Kildare," " Riversdale," and " Islington," or Nos. 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, and 15 of Great Tract No. II, Macomb's Purchase.
5 Mr. Hopkins bought a part of Islington. Among the early settlers were Joel aud Samuel Goodale, R. W. Hopkins, Jared Dewey, and Eliphalet Branch. The first birth was in the family of - Sheldon ; and the first death, that of an infant, in 1807. Judge Hopkins built the first gristmill, in 1803.
6 There is good reason to believe that on this and other occa- sions the British received information from a prominent citizen of Franklin co.
7 This township was purchased Oct. 23, 1853, by a com pauy con- sisting of Chas. G. Atherton, John HI. Gage, and Dan'l II. Dear-
of Chelsea, Mass., and Moses A. Herrick, of Boston, for its lum- ber. The settlement was made under the auspices of this Com- pany.
8 Cong., Bap., M. E., and F. W. Bap.
9 Named from Wm. Lawrence, of New York, proprietor. It embraces " Chesterfield," or No. 16 of Great Tract No. II, Ma- comb's Purchase.
10 Named from E. S. Nichols, an agent of the proprietors.
11 Mr. Brewer, a sub-agent. camo in as early as 1801 ; J. and S. Tyler, A. Saunders, A. Chandler, J. Allen, and J. and J. Pierce came in 1807. Ephraim Martin built the first sawmill, in 1809; Miss S. Tyler taught the first school, in 1810.
12 2 Cong., 2 M. E .. 2 Bap., and F. W. Bap.
18 It originally contained the whole territory of the " Ten Towns." It now includes No. 5 of the " Ten Towns."
14 Pronounced " Gal-loo" Island.
16 Named from John P. Flack, first p. m.
16 Named from the color of the mills erected by Daniel W. Church for the proprietor, Stephen Van Rensselaer, in 1804.
17 Among the first settlers were Peter Sharp, Peter Hinnon, John Tibbets, Reuben Turner, Wm. Shaw, Lemuel Hoskins, Wm. Lyttle, James Aikens, Benj. Stewart, Matthew Perkins, Wesson
579
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
to remove from Washington co. A fatal epidemic prevailed in town in 1813. In the fall of 1813 a small party of dragoons stopping at the village were surprised by the Canadians; one was shot, another wounded, and two or three were taken prisoners to Canada. There are 6 churches in town.1
LOUISVILLE ?- was formed from Massena, April 5, 1810. A part of Norfolk was taken off in 1823, and a part of the same town was annexed in 1844. It lies upon the St. Lawrence, in the N. E. part of the co. The surface is level. Grass River, the principal stream, flowing cen- trally through the town, affords a water-power at the village. The soil is a fertile, saudy loam, underlaid by caleiferous sandstone. Louisville,3 (p. o.,) on Grass River, and Louisville Landing, (p.o.,) on the St. Lawrence, are hamlets. The water-power at the former place has been somewhat improved ; and the latter place is a landing for the American line of steamers. The first settlement was made by Nahum Wilson and Aaron Allen, iu 1800." The growth of the town was checked by the war; but it soon revived. There are 2 churches in town; M. E. aud Union.
MACOMB5-was formed from Gouverneur and Morristown, April 3, 1841. A small tract was annexed from Hammond in 1842. It lies upon the s. shore of Black Lake, in the w. part of the co. Its surface is broken by ridges of gneiss and white limestone parallel to the lake. Fish and Birch Creeks are the principal streams. Pleasant and Yellow or Hickeys Lakes are fine sheets of water, with rocky shores, in the central part of the town. The soil is a light, sandy loam. The ridges are often without vegetation, but the valleys are fertile. Several valuable minerals are found in town.6 Macomb, (p. o.,) on the "Old State Road," and Popes Mills, (p. o., ) on Fish Creek, are hamlets. The first settlements were made upon the " Old State Road," about 1805-06.7 Timo- thy Pope made the first improvement at Popes Mills, in 1816. There is 1 church (M. E.) in town.
MADRID8-was formed from Lisbon, March 3, 1802, and Potsdam was taken off in 1806. It lies upon the St. Lawrence, E. of the center of the co. The surface is level or gently undulating. It is watered by Grass River, and by Great and Little Sucker, Brandy, and Trout Brooks. Upon both the St. Lawrence and Grass Rivers are rapids, from which are derived an immense amount of water-power. The soil is a light, sandy loam, generally fertile. Waddington9 (p. v.) is situated upon the St. Lawrence, opposite Ogdens Island and the " Rapide Plat." The rapids at this place impede the river navigation, but furnish an abundance of water-power.10 The entire fall is 11 ft. Pop. 705. Columbia Village (Madrid p. o.) is situated at the falls of Grass River, 1 mi. from the R. R. station. It is a place of cousiderable business. Pop. 300. Chases Mills (p. o.) is a new settlement, upon Grass River, on the line of Louisville. The first settlement was made along the St. Lawrence, in 1798, under Joseph Edsall, agent of the proprietors.11 In Jan., 1814, a party of Canadian militia, under Capt. Sherwood, crossed the St. Lawrence at Point Iroquois and marched to Columbia Village, pressed teams, and carried off a quantity of merchandise which had beeu captured upon bateaux on the preceding Oct. There are 9 churches in town.12
MASSENAB3-was formed March 3, 1802. Hopkinton was taken off in 1805, Stockholm in 1806, Louisville in 1810, and Brasher in 1825. It lies upon the St. Lawrence, in the N. E. corner of the co. The surface is generally level or gently undulating. The principal streams are the Grass1+ and Racket Rivers, which flow through the town in parallel channels 1 to 2 mi. apart. Its soil is a productive, gravelly and sandy loam. Massena (p. v.) is situated upon Grass River, at the lower falls. It has a limited amount of manufactures. Pop. 310. Massena Springs15
Briggs, and Hez. Pierce. The first birth was in the family of J. [ in 1840. A tract of 1,135 acres on the sbore opposite the island, Tibbets, in 1800. Rev. Alex. Proudfit held the first meetings. together with the island and water-power, were conveyed in 1811 to Joshua Waddington and Thos. L. and David A. Ogden. Dr. Jos. W. Smith, the first physiciau in the co., settled here in 1803 and remained two years.
1 Cong., Asso. Ref. Presb., M. E., Wes. Meth., Ref. Presb., and Prot. E. (St. Luke's.)
2 It comprises the greater part of No. 1 of the " Ten Towns." 8 Locally known as " Millersville," from Rev. Levi Miller, of Turin, who came here as agent of Mc Vickar, the proprietor, in 1823.
4 Among the early settlers were John Wilson, Lyman Bost- wick, Elisha W. Barber, and Griffin Place. The first child born was a son of Nahnm Wilson ; and the first death, that of Philo Barber. Elisha Barber taught the first school, and N. Wilson kept the first iun.
6 Named from Alex. Macomb, the great land speculator.
6 Among these are lead, mica, copper pyrites, and blende. Stock companies have been engaged quite extensively in lead mining at Mineral Point, on Black Lake. and elsewhere.
" Among the first settlers were Sam'l Bristol, Rufus Wash- burn, Sam'l and E. Wilson, and Sam'l Peck.
8 It embraces No. 4 of the " Ten Towns," and is about 10 mi. sq. " Named from Joshua Waddington, proprietor. Formerly called " Hamilton."; Incorp. April 26, 1839. A furnace, supplied with bog ore, was established here in 1834; but it was abandoned
10 In 1808-11-15, acts were passed to improve the uavigation at this place, and a lock was built for the passage of small boats. 11 Among the early settlers were John Sharpe, Barton Edsall, John Tuttle, Benj. Bartlett, Godfrey Myers, Benj. Campbell, and E. Dimick. Dorothy Fields taught the first school; Seth Roberts built the first mills, at Columbia Village, in 1803. Mills were built at Waddington in 1803-04.
12 2 Cong., 2 M. E., Univ, Bap., Prot. E., (St. Paul's.) Asso. Ref., and R. C.
13 Named from Marshal Massena, of the French army
14 This stream near its moutl: is liable to a sudden reversal of its current by the damming up of the St. Lawrence by ice in severe cold weather. These back currenty have been felt at Massena Village ; and no bridges have been made to stand below the lower mills. The water has been known to rise 15 ft. in as many minutes, and to attain a maximum height of 25 ft. The lower dam is built to resist the current both ways.
15 These springs are saline and sulphurous. Capt. Jolin Polly built the first public house here, in 1822. A spacious brick hotel was erected in 1848. for the accommodation of those who resort here for health or pleasure.
580
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
lies upon the Racket, about one mi. distant from Massena. Pop. 120. It is a favorite summer resort. Massena Center (p. v.) contains about 25 houses, and Racket River (p. v.) about 20. By the treaty of 1796, a mile square at the mouth of Grass River was reserved by the St. Regis Indians; and most of the other lands in the town were located on Revolutionary land warrants before the sale of the rest of the co. Before the treaty the Indians issued unauthorized leases to different parties; and hence arose much annoyance from conflicting elaims.1 The first im- provements were made on Grass River, on land leased of the Indians, in 1792. The first settlements on Revolutionary grants were made in 1798, by Amos Lay and others.2 In 1812 the U. S. Government erected barracks here, which were occupied 3 months by militia. In Sept. 1813, a party of Cana- dians burned the barracks and carried away several prisoners. There are 5 churches in town.3
MORRISTOWN-was formed from Oswegatchie, March 27, 1821. A part of Hammond was taken off in 1827, and a part of Macomb in 1841. It lies between the lower end of Black Lake and the St. Lawrence. Its surface is gently undulating, rising from either side toward the center. Chip- pewa Creek, flowing though the center, is the principal stream. The soil is a gravelly loam and gener- ally fertile. Morristown (p. v.) is situated upon the St. Lawrence. Pop. 254. Edwards- ville5 (p. o.) is a small village on Black Lake, at which point a ferry has been established. Brier Hill (p. o.) is a hamlet. David Ford-as agent of Gouverneur Morris, the proprietor-made the first settlement on the site of the village, in 1799.6 John K. Thurbur and Henry Ellenwood made the first improvement in the vicinity of Edwardsville, in 1810. In 1817-18 several English families located at a place still known as the "English Settlement." There are 7 churches in town.7
NORFOLK-was formed from Louisville and Stockholm, April 9, 1823. A part was annexed to Louisville in 1844. Its surface is moderately uneven. Racket River, the principal stream, flows diagonally through near the center of the town, and affords a large amount of water-power, partially improved.8 The soil is generally fertile, resting upon drift deposits of gravel and marine elay, and all underlaid by caleiferous sandstone. The E. part is sandy; and a swamp lies between the Racket and Grass Rivers. Norfolk (p. v.) is situated upon Racket River. Pop. about 200. It has manufactories of lumber, shingles, and articles of wood. Raymondville9 (p. o.) is a small village on the Racket, below Norfolk. The first settlement was made by Erastus Hall, in 1809, at Raymondsville.10 The Racket was formerly navigated, to some extent, as far as this place. There are 4 churches in town.11
OSWEGATCHIE !?- was formed from Lisbon, March 3, 1802. De Kalb was taken off in 1806, Gouverneur in 1810, Morristown in 1821, and a part of De Peyster in 1825. The surface is level or gently undulating. Oswegatchie River, the principal stream, affords water-power at Heuvelton and at Ogdensburgh, which is available most of the year. The soil is a fine quality of gravelly loam, and is under a good state of cultivation. Ogdensburgh,13 (p. v.,) situated upon the St. Lawrence, is one of the largest and most important villages in Northern New York. It is the w. terminus of the Ogdensburgh R. R., and stands at the foot of sloop navigation upon the great lakes and St. Lawrence River, giving to it important commercial advantages. A limited amount of manufacturing is also carried on, chiefly on the w. side of the Oswegatchie. It contains the depôts and buildings of the Ogdensburgh R. R.,-among the finest in the co.,-an academy, 14 a townhall,15 U. S. customhouse, 16 and an armory.17 Pop. Jan. 1858, 7,308. Ileuvel-
1 Most of the valuable timber was stolen before settlement.
2 Among the first settlers were Mamri Victory, Calvin Plum- ley, Bliss Hoisington, Elijah Bailey, David Lyttle, Seth Read, and Leonard Herrick. Gilbert Read taught the first school, in 1903. Amabel Foucher was a lessee of the first mill, under the Iudians.
3 2 Cong., Bap., M. E., and R. C.
4 Named from Gouverneur Morris, principal proprietor. It originally embraced the township of " Hague," or No. 9 of the " Ten Towns."
6 Locally known as the " Narrows." Named from Jonathan S. Edwards, the first postmaster. On early wraps it was marked .. Marysburgh."
6 Arnold Smith and Thomas IIill were first settlers on the river, and H. Harrison, Ephraim Story, and Benj. Tubbs on the lake. Smith kept the first inn, and Ford built the first house.
: 2 M. E. Presb., Cong., Prot. E., Evang. Luth., and Union.
8 There is a dam 1 iui. from the R. R. station, near the a. w. corner of the town, another at Norfolk, aud another at Ray- moudville.
9 Named from Benj. Raymond, the first agent for this town aud Potsdam. First nained " Racketon."
10 Among the early settlers, who came in about 1810, were Eben Jadson, Martin Barney, J. W. Osborn, C. G. Stowe, and Milo Brewer. The first death was that of E. Judson, in 1813. The first clearing at Norfolk Village was made for Le Ray, in 1811 ; sud the first settlement way beguu by Russell Atwater, iu 1816.
A furnace was built at the villago in 1825, and supplied with bog ore. It was burned in 1844. 11 M. E., Prot. E., and Presb., at Norfolk, and Presb. at Ray- mondeville.
12 Pronounced Os-we-gotch'ee ; named from the river. It em- braces most of No. 8 of the " T'en Towns."
13 Named from Sam'l Ogden, the first proprietor. Incorp. in 1817. The nusold lands in and about the village were bought by David Parish in 1808, the owner of large tracts in the co. He built an extensive warehouse and several vessela, and laid plans for a large business, which the war prevented him from realizing. 14 This academy now forms an incorporate part of the public educational system of the village. The schools are all graded, and the pupils are advanced, according to attainment, from the primary schools to the complete acadeuric course. The academy receives the income from the ferry at this place. In 1857 thero wero 7 schoolhonses and 18 teachers. The average number of pupils on the rolls was 1328, and average daily attendance 755. 15 By special act of 1858 a town hall was erected. at an expense of ¿10,000, on the corner of Washington and Franklin Sts.
16 The cornerstone of the old French Mission house is placed over one of its entrances.
1; An appropriation of $110,000 was made in 1857 for a custom- house, p. o., and U. S. courtroom. It is to be erected on the site of the old courthouse, corner of State and Knox Sts.
581
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
ton1 (p. v.) lies upon the Oswegatchie, 7 mi. above Ogdensburgh. It has a limited amount of manu- factures. Pop. 300. Black Lake is a p. o., in the s. w. part of the town. The early history of the town has already been noticed.2 The first improvement, after Ogdensburgh was aban- doned by the British, was made in 1796, by Nathan Ford,' and it soon became a place of com- mercial importance. The war checked the prosperity of the place, and after the return of peace business revived slowly. The opening of the Welland Canal and completion of the Ogdensburgh R. R. greatly increased the trade and added to the population of Ogdensburgh." The completion of the Grand Trunk Railway through Canada has in some measure checked its growth, by divert- ing business into other channels. The first religious meetings were held while it was a French, and afterward a British, post. The census reports 11 churches.5
PARISHVILLE6-was formed from Hopkinton, April 15, 1818. Colton was taken off in 1843, and another part of Parishville annexed to it in 1851. It lies upon St. Regis River, S. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is level in the N. and considerably broken in the s. The soil is a deep loam in the N., but in the s. is light and sandy. A large portion of the town is yet a wilderness. Parishville (p. v.) is situated upon the w. branch of St. Regis River. Pop. 236. It has a limited amount of manufactures.7 Parishville Center, in the N. part, is a hamlet. Daniel Hoard settled in 1810, as agent for the proprietors.8 During the war the settlement was greatly increased by immigrants from the frontier towns. The census reports 4 churches.º
PIERREPONT10-was formed from Russell, April 15, 1818. A part of Fine was taken off in 1844. It occupies a long, narrow strip s. of the center of the co. The surface is quite broken. The three branches of Grass River, E. branch of the Oswegatchie, and Raeket River are the principal streams. The soil in the N. is well adapted to grazing, and that in the s. is light and sandy. Settlements are confined to the N. part. Magnetie iron ore and other valuable minerals are found in large quantities. Pierrepont (p. o.) is a small village upon the hills, near the center of No. 3. East Pierrepont1 (p. v.) is situated on Racket River. Pop. about 100. Flavius Curtis settled upon the line of Canton in 1806-07. The principal settlement commeneed upon the completion of the St. Lawrence Turnpike, in 1811-12.12 There are 2 churches ; M. E. and F. W. Bap.
PITCAIRNB __ was formed from Fowler, March 29, 1836. It lies on the s. border of the co., w. of the ecnter. Its surface is much broken by ridges, separated by swamps, lakes, and fertile intervales. The soil is light and sandy, with a few alluvial flats along the strcams. Iron ore, marble, and lead arc found in town. The Jay Iron Ore Bed has been worked ; and unprofitable attempts have been made to work some lead mincs. The town is thinly settled. Pitcairn and East Pitcairn arc p. offiecs. Settlement was begun in 1824 by immigrants from Potsdam.14 There is no church in town.
POTSDAM15-was formed from Madrid, Feb. 21, 1806. It lies on Racket River, N. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is rolling; and its soil is a decp, rich loam. The streams are Raeket River, affording a large amount of water-power, and Grass River, with a limited amount. Lumber and artielcs of wood are largely manufacturcd. There are extensive quarries of sandstone above the village.16 This is the leading agricultural town in the co., and every part is under improve- ment. Potsdam17 (p. v.) is located upon Racket River, E. of the center of the town. The river is herc divided by islands and broken by rapids, and furnishes an extensive water-power Pop. in Ist and 4th cleetion districts, 2,123. It has a considerable amount of manufactures, and
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