USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 58
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1 Among the early settlers were John and James Major, John McClelland, Wm., Robt., and Alex. Kelsey, and John McHarg, who all came over in the same ship, In 1774. The first death was that of James Major, killed by the fall of a tree, Sept. 11, 1776; Jolin McClelland or - Prendergast kept the first store, in 1780; Daniel Campbell huilt the first gristmill.
2 Mr. Smith was accompanied by his parents and 3 hrothers- in-law, Simeon Babcock, Reuben Mattison, and Joseph Bawn. 2 8 The census reports 6 churches in town; 2 Bap., Christian, Friends, M. E., and Presb.
4 Among the other early settlers wcro - Brewster, Wm. Scott, a soldier of the Revolution, who came in 1785; Isaac Den- mon, John Benedict, Nathl. Seymour, and Benj. Ingham, in 1787: Jas. Vail and Chas. Mirick, in 1789; Isaac and Darius Stephens, --- Reynolds and his sons, in 1790; Eseck Turletot, in 1793; and -- Miner, soon after. Joel Reynolds kept the first inn, in 1789; Gershom Morehouse built the first saw and grist mill, at Middle Grove, the same ycar. Benj. Clinch kept the first store at Porters Corners, in 1787.
5 3 Bap., 2 M. E., 2 Friends, Cong., and Univ.
" Iron ore was formerly obtained on the w. side of this moun- tain, to supply the furnace at Luzerne.
7 This tannery cousumes 5,000 cords of hark and manufactures 50,000 sides of leather per annum.
8 Alex. Stewart settled on the Hudson in 1788: Elijah Ellis, on the s. side of the Sacondaga, - Ricard, on the N., and Henry
Walker, at Hadley, in 1790. --- Wilson taught the first school, in 1791-92. Delane & Hazard built the first sawmill, in 1791; and Alex. Stewart, the first gristmill, in 1803. Jonathan Flan- ders kept tho first inn, and Jeremy Rockwell the first store, in 1807. Col. Gordon Conkling built the tannery at Conklingville and placed the first steam tug on tho river.
" Named from the crescent shape of the land between the Hudson and the Mohawk.
10 The canal crosses the Mohawk at this place on a stone aqne- duct 1,150 feet long and supported by 26 stone piers.
11 In 1689 it was resolved hy the authorities of Albany to re- move the fort about the house and barn of Harme Licveso, at Half Moon, to a more convenient place,-from which it is in- ferred that a considerable settlement existed at that time. In 1714 the precinct of Half Moon contained 101 inhabitants. Among the early settlers were Oldert Onderkirk, on the flats, - Fort, on the Judge Leland farm, and - Taylor, at Me- chauicsville, before 1763. The ancient stone house on the Dans. bach placc, in the s. w. corner of the town, was built in 1718, by Killian Van Den Bergh. There was a sawmill on Stecua Kil, near Crescent, in 1762. Wm. Bradshaw built a gristmill on Dwaas Kil at the close of the Revolution. A bridge was erected across the Mohawk in 1794, at a cost of $12,000.
12 The census reports 7 churches in town ; 3 M. E., Bap., Wes. Meth., Presb., and Friends.
590
SARATOGA COUNTY.
MALTA-was formed from Stillwater, March 3, 1802, and a part of Saratoga was annexed March 28, 1805. It lies upon the w. bank of Saratoga Lake, s. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is chiefly an undulating upland, 60 to 80 feet above Saratoga Lake, and broken by the deep gulleys of small streams. The streams are Kayaderosseras Creek, forming the N. boundary, Balls- ton Outlet Creek, an inlet, and Anthonys Kil, the outlet of Round Lake, and Drummonds Brook, flowing into Saratoga Lake. Round Lake, in the s. E., is nearly circular, and 1 mi. in diameter. A swampy region covering an area of several hundred acres lies in the N. E. part of the town, at the mouth of the Kayaderosseras. The soil is principally a light, sandy loam, with clay and muck in the lowlands. Dunning Street, (Malta p. o.,) near the center of the town, contains 1 church and 17 houses. Maltaville, (p. o.,) in the s. part, Malta Ridge, in the N, and Halls Corners, are hamlets. The first settlers were two men named Drummond and McKelpin, who came before the Revolution and located w. of the lake.1 The census reports 5 churches in town.2
MILTON-was formed from Ballston, March 7, 1792, and a part of Greenfield was taken off in 1793. It lies a little s. of the center of the co. Its surface is moderately hilly in the N., and undulating in the s., with a slight inclination toward Kayaderosseras Creek, which flows S. E. through the center of the town. This stream has a rapid fall and furnishes a valuable water- power. Glowegee Creek, from the w., is its principal tributary. In the N. part are limestone ridges, extensively quarried for building stone and lime. The Saratoga mineral spring region extends through the s. E. part. The soil is generally a sandy loam. Ballston Spa, (Ballston p. o.,) the co. seat, was incorp. March 21, 1807. It is situated on Kayaderosseras Creek, in the S. E. corner of the town. It contains the co. buildings, 2 seminaries,3 5 churches, 2 printing offices, and several manufacturing establishments." Pop. 2,285, of which 1,941 are in this town. This village has long been celebrated for its mineral springs.5 Rock City Mills (p. v.) contains 3 paper mills and 34 houses; West Milton (p. v.) a church, a paper mill, a shingle mill, a hoe fac- tory, and 40 houses; Bloodville a scythe, edge tool, and knitting factories, and 40 houses ; and Factory Village 2 paper mills and 22 houses. Milton Center and Cranes Village are hamlets. The first settlement in town was made by David Wood and his sons Stephen, Benj., Elijah, Nathan, and Enoch, who purchased 600 acres and moved into town before the Revolu- tion.6 The first church (Bap.) was organized Jan. 22, 1793.'
MOREAU8-was taken from Northumberland, March 28, 1805. A part was annexed to Corinth in 1848. It lies in the great bend of the Hudson, in the N. E. corner of the co. The w. part of the town is occupied by the rocky and precipitous peaks of the Palmertown Mt. Range. The central and E. portions are undulating and broken by the narrow ravines of small streams. The Hudson River forms the N., the E., and a part of the w. boundary of the town. Upon its course are numerous rapids and waterfalls.º The Snook Kil and its tributaries drain the s. part of the town. The soil is generally a light, yellow, sandy loam, but in the s. and w. are tracts of clay and gravel. South Glens Falls, (p. v.,) on the Hudson, opposite Glens Falls, contains several manufacturing establishments;10 pop. 513. Fortsville, (p. v.,) in the central part, contains 25 houses. Clarks Corners, Reynolds Corners, and State Dam are hamlets. Moreau Station is a p. o., situated on the R. & W. R. R. Settlements are said to have been made before the Revolution ; but their history is only a vague tradition.11 The first church (Bap.) was built in 1795.12
1 These men were suspected of toryism and were driven from | water is similar to that of the Saratoga Springs, only less strong. the co. Michael Dunning, with 6 sons and 3 daughters, from Gas is copiously discharged with these waters. Conn., came into town in 1777-78. John Rhoades and Timothy Shipman were the first settlers on Malta Ridge; Robt. and John Hunter and Jehial Parks located at Maltaville abont the commencement of the Revolution.
2 2 M. E., Cong., Prot. Meth., and Presh.
8 The Ballston Spa Institute, for boys, was established in 1846. The Ballston Spa Academy was opened in 1855.
" In the village are a cotton, oilcloth, edge tool, 2 seamless hag, and 2 knitting factories, a tannery, and 2 gristmills. A mfg. co. was incorp. here March 10, 1810.
6 These springs were first discovered in the survey of the Kayaderosseras Patent in 1769. They are situated on the niar- gin of a small stream that flows into Kayaderosseras Creek. The Old Spring, formerly much used, was greatly impaired hy the opening of La Fayette Spring, within 30 feet, in 1825. Washington Spring was obtained in 1827, by boring 237 feet in the slate. The Saline, or United States Spring, is considerably impregnated with salt. Besides these are the Fulton and Frank- lin Springs and the Low Well. In 1817, 4 springs were dis- covered within 20 feet of each other in the bed of the stream. Their properties were unlike, and after a little time they he- came fresh. These springs are generally clear, cool. and spark- ling. Their average temperature is about 50°. The mineral properties are different in different springs; but generally tbe
6 Benajah Douglas, grandfather of Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, huilt a log house near the spring. for the accommodation of visitors, in 1792. Silas Adams and Elijah Walbridge located in the N. part of the town in 1784-85. In 1792 Nicholas Low built a tavern close by the spring; and in 1804 he erected the " Sans Sonci Hotel."
7 The census reports 8 churches in town; 2 Bap., 2 M. E., 2 Presh., Prot. E., and R. C.
8 Named from Marshal Morcau, who visited the U. S. in 1804-05. 9 See page 690.
10 In this village are 2 sash and blind factories, a tub and spoke factory, planing mill, broom handle factory, an extensive sawmill, and marble factory. Cheney & Arne's sawmills employ 75 men, run 150 to 190 saws, and manufacture more than 10,000,000 feet of lumher per annum. The marble manufactured is a black variety obtained from the Trenton limestone in the immediate vicinity.
11 A man named Marvin was the first settler at Fortsville, about 1795; Edward and Elijah Durham and Holly St. John were the first settlers at Clarks Corners ; ---- Hamilton built the first gristmill, about 1800. Ahel Crandall kept the first inn, in 1798.
12 The census reports 5 churches; Bap., Cong., M. E., Union, and Friends.
591
SARATOGA COUNTY.
NORTHUMBERLAND-was formed from Saratoga, March 16, 1798. A part of Hadley was taken off in 1801, Moreau in 1805, and Wilton in 1818. It lies upon the Hudson, N. of the center of the co. Its surface is level or undulating and broken by deep ravines. A line of clay and slate bluffs, 30 to 100 feet high, extends along the river. Snook Kil and its tributary, Beaver Dam Creek, are the principal streams. The soil is generally a light, sandy loam. This town shares with Fort Edward the Fort Miller Falls.1 Gansevoort,? (p.v.,) on Snook Kil, in the N. part of the town, contains 2 churches and a pop. of 162. It is a station on the S. & W. R. R. Bacon Hill' (p.o.) and Northumberland, (p.o.,) in the s. E. part of the town, are hamlets. Fort Miller was built in this town in 1755, under the direction of Col. Miller. It was located upon the flat, above the rapids, and was enclosed on three sides by the river. A blockhouse was built on the heights that commanded the position on the w. The first settlers probably came in before the Revolution. Among them was a man named Munroe," who built the first sawmill, at Gansevoort." There are 4 churches in town.6
PROVIDENCE-was formed from Galway, Feb. 5, 1796, and Edinburgh was taken off in 1801. It lies near the center of the w. border of the co. Its surface is mountainous in the N. E. and broken and hilly in the s. w. The high regions along the N. and E. borders are mostly covered with forests. Hagadorns, Hans, Cadmans, and Frenchmans Creeks, small mill streams rising in the mountains and flowing s. w. into Fulton co., are the principal watercourses. The soil is chicfly a coarse, yellow sand or gravel of poor quality. Large tracts are stony and rocky. Wooden ware, leather, and lumber are extensively manufactured. Barkersville (p.o.) and Hagadorns Hollow are hamlets. Providence and W. Providence are p. offices. The first settle- ment was made previous to the Revolution, but the settlers were driven off during the war. Among the first settlers after the war were Nathaniel Wells and Seth Kellogg." There are 3 churches in town; Bap., Christian, and M. E.
SARATOGA8-was formed as a district, March 24, 1772, and as a town, March 7, 1788. Easton (Washington co.) was taken off in 1789, a part of Greenfield in 1793, Northumberland in 1798, a part of Malta in 1802, and Saratoga Springs in 1819. It lies upon the Hudson, near the center of the E. border of the co. A range of high, rounded, and sometimes terraced hills extends N. and s. through the central and w. parts. These hills rise 450 feet above the IIudson and slope in every direction. Narrow alluvial flats bordered by high clay bluffs extend along the IIudson. Saratoga Lake forms a portion of the w. boundary. Fish Crcek, the outlet of the lake, flowing through the N. part of the town, is the principal stream; and upon it are several fine mill sites. The other streams are small brooks. The soil N. of Fish Creek is light and sandy, and in the remaining parts of the town it is a gravelly and clayey loam. Three mineral springs, known as "Quaker Springs," issue from the Hudson River slate, in a ravine a little s. E. of the center of the town.9 Schuylerville,10 (p. v.,) incorp. April 16, 1831, is situated on the river, at the mouth of Fish Creek. It contains 4 churches, the Schuylerville Academy, a newspaper office, a bank, cotton factory, and foundery ; pop. 1,184. Victory Mills, (p. v.,) situated on Fish Creek, con- tains 1 church, a machine shop, and an extensive cotton factory ;11 pop. 729. Quaker Springs, (p. v.,) near the center of the town, contains 1 church and 22 houses. Granger- ville, (p. o.,) on Fish Creek, is a hamlet. Deans Corners (p. o.) and Coveville are hamlets. Settlement was begun in the early part of the last century, upon the Hudson.12 The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) was formed before the Revolution.13 The census reports 7 churches in town.14
SARATOGA SPRINGS-was formed from Saratoga, April 9, 1819. It occupies a nearly central position in the co. Its surface is rolling or moderately hilly. Kayaderosseras Crcek
1 See p. 682.
2 Named from Col. Peter Gansevoort, who located here soon after the war.
8 Named from Ebenezer Bacon, who came from Conn. in 1794, and opened the first framed tavern the same year. The place has been called " Fiddletown" and " Fopes Corners" at different times.
Munroe was a tory, and fled to Canada, and his property was confiscated.
5 Gansevoort discovered the irons of Monroe's mill and erected a new sawmill. He soon after built a gristmill. Fort Miller bridge was first erected by a company incorp. March 16, 1803. The present bridge was erected in 1845. It has a single road track and a canal towing path. 6 2 Ref. Prot. D., 2 M. E.
7 - Corey built the first sawmill, in 1786, and the first griatmill, soon afterward. The first inn was kept hy - Shank- laud.
8 Written "Saraglitoga" until about 1793. Upon the old map of the Kayaderosseras Patent this name is spelled "Seraghtogha."
The name was first applied to a settlement on the Hudson, in the vicinity of the present village of Schuylerville. It is said to signify "swift water," and was applied to the rapids in the river, in contradistinction to still water, just below.
9 The water of these springs contains lime, magnesia, and fron, held in solution hy carhonic acid, and a large proportion of conimon salt and soda.
10 Named in honor of Gen. Philip Schuyler, who resided here previous to the Revolution. During the war his buildings and mills were burned by order of Burgoyne.
11 There are 455 looms in this factory. In 1857, 3,565,411 yds. of print cloths and silesias were manufactured.
12 At the attack upon Old Fort Saratoga, upon the opposite side of the Hudson, in the fall of 1745, several sawmills and other buildings, upon Fish Creek and the river, were hurned, and about 30 families were killed or taken prisoners.
18 The British troops made a riding school of this church during the war.
14 3 M. E., Bsp., Ref. Prot. D., R. C., and Friends.
592
SARATOGA COUNTY.
and Saratoga Lake, forming the s. boundary, are skirted by a line of low bluffs. The streams are Ellis and Owl Pond Creeks. An extensive tract lying N. of Saratoga Lake and along the course of Owl Pond Creek is low and swampy. The soil is an inferior quality of yellowish, sandy loam. The far famed mineral springs, which give to the town its name, are situated about 3 mi. N. w. of Saratoga Lake. They are near the center of the mineral spring region, which has a radius of nearly 10 mi.1 Saratoga Springs (p. v.) was incorp. April 17, 1826. It contains 2 female seminaries,2 7 churches, 2 banks, 5 printing offices, 2 public halls, 22 hotels,3 and several sanitary institutions." Pop. 5,129. The business of the village is principally connected with the enter- tainment of strangers during the fashionable watering season. The springs are on that part of the Kayaderosseras Patent that fell to the share of Rip Van Dam. Sir Wm. Johnson is said to have been the first white person who ever used the Saratoga waters for medicinal purposes. In 1767 he was brought to the place on a litter, and, after remaining several days, he was able to return on foot. His example was followed, and the visits of invalids soon became of frequent occurrence. In 1773, Derick Scowton made the first clearing and erected a hut. He was followed soon after by George Arnold and Saml. Norton.5 In 1783, Gen. Schuyler cut a road through from Fish Creck, and spent several weeks here, living in a tent. The next year he erected a framed house, (the first in town,) and annually afterward until his death he spent a part of the summer here with his family.6 Several prominent men have resided in the village.7 The census reports 7 churches in town.8
STILLWATER9-was formed March 7, 1788. A part of Easton (Washington co.) was
1 High Rock Spring, the first discovered of these, was so named from a pyramidal mound of calcareous tufa 3} feet high and 24} feet in diameter at the base which has been formed around it. An aperture 1 foot in diameter opens from the top of the rock downward, in which the water generally rises 1} feet abovo the surface of the ground. It is said that the water once overflowed the top; but at an early day the rock was cracked by the fall of a tree, and tho water sunk to Its present level. Congress Spring was discovered in 1792, by a hunting party, and named in compliment to John Taylor, one of the number, who had been a member of the Continental Congress. The present spring was obtained by sinking a well in the bed of the stream near the original fountain. The Columbia Spring, a few rods s. w. of the latter, is chalybeate, and constantly boiling from the escape of gas. It was opened in 1806, by G. Putnam. The .Hamilton Spring, 50 rods N. E. of Congress, was discovered hy G. Putnam, and brought into use by Dr. Clarke. The Pavilion Fountain, opened in 1839, has a smart, pungent taste. The Iodine Spring, situated a few rods N. of High Rock, was opened in 1839. The
water contains a large proportion of iodine and very little iron. This spring has sometimes been called the Walton Spring, from Henry Walton, a large proprietor of lands in the vicinity. The Empire Spring, the most northerly in the village, was opened in 1846. It discharges 75 gallons per hour. The Washington Spring, 50 rode s. w. of Congress Spring, was opened in 1806. Putnam Spring is in the immediate vicinity. Flat Rock Spring, 100 rods N. E. from Hamiltou, is chalybeate. Red Spring is 90 rods N. E. of Iligh Rock ; and Monroe Spring, 15 rods N. of Flat Rock. Ten Springs were discovered in 1814, 1 mni. N. E. of the village. Ellis Spring is situated in a raviue 2 mi. s. w. of Con- gress. Thero are several other springs in the immediate vicinity. Baths are connected with most of these springs, aud an immense trado has sprung up in the bottling and sale of the water. The temperature of the fountains ranges from 48º to 51º, and it is not sensibly affected by the seasons. The following table givos an analysis of several of these springs. The figures show the number of grains in a gallon of water.
INGREDIENTE.
Columbian.
Congress.
Empire.
Flat Rock.
Hamilton.
High Rock.
(Dr. J. II. Steele.)
(Dr. E.Emmons.)
Magnesian.
(Dr. Thomas.)
Pavilion.
Putnam.
Washington.
Chloride of sodium.
385.00
269.696 -148.87 12.000 1.33 30.848 20.79
279.30 3.00 27.04
189.10 137.00 2.50 17.54
160.20
226.58
214.00 281.50
Hydriodate of soda.
1.70
2.75
2.00
2.75
Bicarbonate of soda.
8.98
Carbonate of soda.
2.00
10.40
4.70 14.32
Sulphate of soda ..
Carbonate of inagnesia.
₸5.00
44.26
62.50
51.60
Bicarbonate of magnesia
46.71 68.00
95.79 98.10
41.984
42.70 60.57
35.20 92.40
61.59 69.29
26.00
48.00
60.24
68.80 .21
Bicarbonate of lime.
Carhonate of iron
5.58
5.07
5.39
5.39
5.58
1.00
7.00
3.25
Bicarbonate of iron
Silica ..
2.05
1.50
Alumina.
Hydrobromate of potassa.
trace.
traco.
trace.
trace.
trace.
trace.
Total solid contents.
407.30
597.943
496.352
279.65
460.33
345.68
244.50
269.10
361.74
361.01 439.12
Carbonic acid gas (inches)
272.06
311.00
257.50
316.00
304.00 5.00
360.00 4.00
371.00 3.25
450.01 8.09
348.88 6.41
6.80
Total gaseous contents.
276.56
318.00
700.00! 294.00 320.00
309.00 364.00
374.25
488.10 355.29| 269.30
Steele's Analysis, 1838; Allen's Analysis, 1858 .- Beck's Mine- [ tlers after the war. Gideon Putnam came in 1789. Mr. P. built ralogy. Slightly different results have been obtained from differ- ent analyses.
2 Temple Grove Female Seminary, a boarding school, was established in 1853.
The Saratoga Feinale Sominary.
8 Several of these hotels are among the most extensive in the country. Union Hall was huilt in 1802, by G. Putnam; The Columbian, In 1808, by Jotham Holmes: Congress Hall, in 1812, by G. Putnam ; The Pavilion, in 1819, by Nathan Lewis; and The United States, in 1824, by Elias Benediet. All of these have been enlarged since their erection.
+ Among these are the Saratoga Water Cure, and tho Medical and Surgical Institute, both established in 1932.
6 Norton joined the British, and his property was confiscated. 6 Alexander Bryan.and Ilenry Livingston were the first get- of the town.
the first sawmill, the first large hotels, and opened several of the springs. Dr. Clement Blakely, the first physician, catue with Putnam, and remained 3 years. John and Ziba Taylor opened the first store. in 1794 : Robt. Ellis and Geo. Peck built the first gristmill, in 1814; and Ward & Rogers, the first clothing works. in 1815. Ilenry Walton resided here for several years. He was proprietor of the whole village N. of Congress St. Seve- ral of the noted springs were on his estate.
7 Eseck Cowen, Justice of the Supreme Court, and compiler of "Ohneen's Reports," resided here until bis deatb, in 1844. Chancellor Reuben II. Walworth resides in town.
8 Bap., M. E., Prot. Meth., Presb,, Prot. E., R. C., and Unlv. " Named from the "still water" in the Hudson, on the bordors
.84 .56
262.50
Atmospheric air ...
4.50
7.00
6.50
4 00
3.50
1.10 80
4.10 .62 .25
40.92 92.60
Carbonate of limo ..
Phosphate of limo ..
267.00 2.56 15.40
( Dr. J. Il. Steele.)
(Dr. J. HI. Steele.)
(Dr.E.Emmons.)
(Dr. J. II. Steele.)
(Dr. J. H. Steele.)
Iodine.
(Dr. Thomas.)
(Jas. R. Chilton.)
(Dr. J. II. Steele.)
3,50
16.50
1.68
141.824 000
1.50
593
SARATOGA COUNTY.
taken off in 1789, and Malta in 1802. It lies upon the Hudson, s. E. of the center of the co. It is uneven in the s. and moderately hilly in the N. The highest point is about 250 feet above the Hudson. A range of clay bluffs 60 to 100 feet high borders upon intervales of the Hudson and Anthonys Kil. The streams are generally small brooks flowing in deep gulleys worn in the drift deposits.1 The N. w. corner borders upon Saratoga Lake. The river intervales are alluvial. West of the river bluffs is a wide belt of heavy clay; and in the s. w. part is a sandy tract interspersed with swamps. Upon the lake shore is a sulphur spring.2 Stillwater, (p. v.,) incorp. April 17, 1816, is situated on the IIudson. It contains 4 churches, and manufactories of lumber, paper, woolens, and castings. Pop. 552. Mechanicsville, (p. v.,) incorp. July 16, 1859, situated on the IIudson, at the mouth of Anthonys Kil, on the line of Half Moon, is a station on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. It contains 5 churches, a printing office, and an extensive linen thread manufac- tory.3 Pop. 1,111,-616 in Stillwater, 495 in Half Moon. Bemis Heights,+ (p.o.,) on the Champlain Canal, near the Hudson, and Ketchums Corners (p.o.) are hamlets. This town was included in the Saratoga Patent of 1684; and settlement was commenced about 1750.5 The first church (Cong.) was established in 1763.6 There are 8 churches in town.7
WATERFORD®-was formed from Half Moon, April 17, 1816. It lies at the junction of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, in the s. E. corner of the co. Its area is about 7 sq. mi. Its surface is mostly an upland, 50 to 100 feet above the river. The Mohawk is bordered by an almost perpendicular range of slate bluffs, and the Hudson Valley by a range of clay bluffs. The soil is a sandy, clayey, and alluvial loam of great fertility. The falls in the Mohawk furnish a valuable water-power. Waterford,9 (p. v.,) incorp. April 6, 1801,10 situated on the Champlain Canal, near the confluence of the Hudson11 and Mohawk Rivers, is a station on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. and the Albany & Northern R. R. It contains 6 churches, a newspaper office, a bank, and several manufacturing establishments.12 Pop. 3,083. Scttlement was commenced by the Dutch at a very early day. The census reports 7 churches in town.13
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