USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 37
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DEERPARK'-was formed from Mamakating, (Sullivan co.,) March 16, 1798. A part of Mount Hope was taken off in 1825. It lies in the extreme w. angle of the co. Its surface is a mountainous highland, broken by the valley of Neversink River and numerous deep, rocky ravines of small streams. The Shawangunk Mts. extend along the E. border, and form a high, rocky ridge 1,800 ft. above the valleys, with stecp declivities on the w. The Neversink + River flows in a deep valley at the w. foot of the mountains. The central and w. parts are covered with a rocky and mountainous upland, ending in abrupt declivitics on Delaware River in the s. The other prin- cipal streams are Mongaup River, forming the w. boundary, Bashes5 Kil, Old Dam Fall Creek,6 Shingle, and Grassy Swamp" Brooks. Big and Little Ponds are two small lakes in the interior. Port Jervis,8 (p. v., ) upon the Delaware, near the mouth of the Neversiuk, was incorp. May 11, 1853. It is an important station upon the Erie R. R. and Delaware & Hudson Canal. It contains 5 churches, a saw factory, foundery, machine shop, planing mill, newspaper office, and bank. Pop. 3,023. Honesville, (Sparrow Bush p. o.,) upon the Delaware, 2 mi. w. of Port Jervis, contains a large tannery and 26 dwellings; Huguenot, (p. v., ) upon the canal, 4 ini. N. E. of Port Jervis, 25 dwellings ; and Cuddebackville, (p. v.,) upon the canal, in the N. E. part, 1 church and 12 dwellings. Carpenters Point is a hamlet, at the mouth of the Neversink. The first settlements were made about 1690.9 There are 7 churches in towu.10 De Witt Clinton was born at Fort De Witt, iu this town, March 2, 1769, while his parents were on a visit at the residence of his mother's brother. Lead ore has recently been found in this town.
GOSHEN-was formed March 7, 1788. A part of Hamptonburgh was taken off in 1830, and a part of Chester in 1845. It is an interior town, lying a little s. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is rolling or moderately hilly. The hills are bordered by long and gradual slopes, and are arable to their summits. The s. w. corner is occupied by a portion of the " Drowned Lands," most of which have been reclaimed.11 The principal streams are Wall Kil, forming the w., and Quaker Creek, the s. boundary, and Otter Kil, in the E. part. The soil is a sandy loam, underlaid by clay, slate, and limestone. Goshen, (p. v., ) N. E. of the center, was incorp. March 28, 1809. Besides the co. buildings, it contains 4 churches, a female seminary,12 several classical schools, 2 newspaper offices, 2 banks, and about 1,800 inhabitants. It is the w. terminus of the Newburgh Branch of the N. Y. & E. R. R., and is an important freight and milk station upon the Erie R. R. The first settlements were made from 1703 to 1714. The first deeds of village lots in Goshen bear the date of 1714. The original Wawayanda Patent,13 covering the greater part of this town, was granted by Queen
1 Formerly called " Crawford."
2 Nothing definite could be obtained in regard to the early history of this town.
8 A man named McDonald, in early timo, inclosed a large tract by a brush fence, and the inclosure became known as Mc- Donald's "Deer Park." This name was afterward given to the town.
+ Called by the Indians Ma-hack-e-meck.
6 Named from Bashe, an Indian woman who lived upon its banks.
6 This stream falls 600 ft. in I mi., and hence its name.
7 Named from a series of low natural meadows through which the stream flows.
8 Nanied from J. B. Jervis, the engineer who built the Delaware & Indson Canai.
9 Peter Gummmaer. Jacob Cuddeback, Thomas and Gerardus Swartont. John Tys, and David Jemison located in town in 1690. The first two were lugnenot exiles. The first general surveys were made in 1713. Jacob Cuddeback built the first mill. Among the other carly settlers were - Cuykendall, John Decker, Win. Cole, and Solomon Davis.
10 2 Ref. I'rot. D., Bap., Presb., M. E., Prot. E., and R. C.
11 Some 25 years ago a ditch of small size was dug about 3 mi. in length across a bend in Wall Kil, through the Drowned Lands, for the purpose of draining them. The action of the water upon the light soil through which it was dng has so enlarged it that in many places it is wider than Wall Kil, and much difficulty is experienced in maintaining bridges over the ditel.
12 The Goshen Female Seminary is a flourishing institution. Several small family classical schools are located in the village.
13 Christopher Denn, one of the proprietors of the Wawayanda Patent, located N. E. of Goshen Village in 1712. After visiting the place and deciding npon a location, he returned to bis resi- dence on Staten Island. and sent a company of carpenters, his household goods, and his adopted daughter, Mary Wells. then 10 years of age, to his new home, maler the guidance of 3 friendly Indians. The carpenters erected a cabin, and Denn and his wife came on the next day after the cabin was huilt. Mr. Bull, a young Englishman just arrived in an emigrant ship, came in soon after. Among the other early settlers who came previons to 1721 were John Everett. John Carpenter, John Gale, William Ludlum, James Jackson, Isaac Finch. Michael Dunning, Solomon Carpenter, William Jackson. Samuel Seely, Samuel Webb, John Yelverton, Samuel Clowes, John Braduer, and John
507
ORANGE COUNTY.
Anne, March 5, 1703. The first church (Presb.) was formed in 1721; Rev. John Bradner was the first pastor.1
GREENVILLE-was formed from Minisink, Dce. 2, 1853. It lies on the s. w. border of the co., w. of the center. Its surface is a hilly and broken upland. The Shawangunk Mts., extending along the w. border, are 400 to 600 ft. above the valleys and 1,400 to 1,600 ft. above tide. The E. slopes of the mountains are generally gradual, and the hills arc arable to their summits. The principal stream is Shawangunk River, which takes its rise near the center and flows N. E. Benin Water Pond is a small body of water in the N. part. The soil is a sandy, gravelly, and clayey loam. Greenville, (Minisink p. o.,) in the w. part, contains 2 churches and 12 houses; and Smiths Corners, N. of Greenville, contains 15 houses. Center Point, 1} mi. s. E. of Greenville, is a p. o. Woodsville is a hamlet in the E. part. The first settlements were probably made from 1720 to 1730.2 There are 2 churches in town ; Bap. and M. E.
HAMPTONBURGH'-was formed from Goshen, Blooming Grove, Montgomery, New Windsor, and Walkill, April 5, 1830. It is an interior town, lying a little N. of the center of the co. Its surface is rolling and moderately hilly. The principal streams are Wall Kil, forming the N. W. boundary, and Otter Kil, flowing N. E. through near the center. The soil is a gravelly and slaty loam. Otterville, (p. o.,) on Otter Kil, near the E. boundary, is a hamlet. Otterkill, s. of Otterville, contains 12 dwellings. Campbell Hall, near the center, and Hampton- burgh, 1 mi. s., are hamlets. The first settlement was made by Wm. Bull, in 1719 or '20. In 1727 he erected a stone house, which is still standing. There are 2 churches in town; Presb. and Asso. Reformed.
1
MINISINK-was formed March 7, 1788. A part of " Calhoun" (now Mount IIope) was taken off in 1825, Wawayanda in 1849, and Greenville in 1853. It lies upon the N. J. linc, s. w. of the center of the co. Its surface is rolling and hilly. The slopes are generally gradual, and the hills are arable to their summits. The principal streams are Wall Kil and Rutgers Creek, each of which forms some portion of the N. and E. boundary. The Drowned Lands oc- cupy a small portion of the E. angle. The soil is principally a gravelly loam. Unionville, (p. v.,) in the s. part, contains 2 churches and 25 dwellings; and West Town, (p. v.,) 3 mi. N. of Unionville, 2 churches and 15 dwellings. Waterloo Mills (p. o.) is a hamlet, containing 1 church and 6 dwellings. No records of the early settlement have been preserved. There are 5 churches in town.5
MONROE6-was formed from Cornwall, March 23, 1799, as " Chesccocks." Its name was changed to " Southfield," April 3, 1801, and to Monroe, April 6, 1808. A part of Chester was taken off in 1845. It is the s. E. corner town in the co. It lies mostly among the Highlands; and its surface is a hilly and mountainous upland. The principal ranges are Schunemunk Mts., in the N., Black and Bear Mts., in the E., and the Southfield Mts., near the center,-all extending N. E. and s. w.7 Their deelivities are steep and in many places precipitous, and their summits are rough, roeky, and broken. A large share of the whole town is unfit for cultivation. In the N. w. part are several valleys containing arable land. The principal streams are Ramapo River, flowing s., and Murderers Creek, flowing N. The Forest-of-Dean Creek drains the E. part and diseliarges its waters into the Hudson. Among the mountains are a great number of fine, small lakes and ponds.8 The soil in the valleys is a sandy and gravelly loam. The mountains are too rough for cultivation. Monroe, (p. v., ) in the N. w. part of the town, contains 2 churches and 266 inhabitants. It is a station upon the Erie R. R. Turners,9 (p. v.,) a station upon the R. R., near the center, contains 18 dwellings. Greenwood Works (p. v.) is a station upon the R. R., 3 mi. s. of Turners
Denton, many of whose descendants still reside in the town. The first marriage was that of Wm. Bull aud Sarah Wells, in 1718. The first inn was kept by Birdsye Yarrington. Noah Webster, author of Webster's Dictionaries, taught the first academic school, in the village of Goshen, in 1782. De Witt Clinton was a pupil at the academy at one time. William H. Seward studied law at the office of Judge Duer, in this village.
1 There are now 4 churches in town; M. E., Prot. E., Presb., and R. C.
2 Facts relating to the early history of this town could not be accurately ascertained.
3 Named from Wolverhampton, the birthplace of Wm. Bull, the first settler.
+ Tradition says that long ago, before the Delaware River broke through the mountain at the Water Gap, the lands for 30 or 40 mi. bordering upon it were covered by a lake, but became drained by the breaking down of that part of the dam which confined it, and that a part of a tribe of Indians from New Jersey
settled upon these lands from which the waters had retired. The lands were called " Minsies," sigeitying " lands from which the waters had gone," and the name was afterward applied to the Indians living upon it. From this name the term " Minisink" is derived .- Eager's Hist. Orange, Ch., p. 408.
5 3 Presb., Bap., and Christian.
6 Named in honor of James Monroe, afterward President of the U. S.
7 Among the principal mountain peaks are Black Top. Black Cup. and Long Hills, in the s. ; Torn Mt. and Cape Hill. in the E. ; Tom Jones Mt. and Hemlock Hill. in the s. E .: Pine and Prickly Ash Hills, in the s .; and logback. Hall, Tiger, Cedar, Burned. Rocky, and Macannon Hills, in the center.
8 Among the principal ponds are Hazard Pond. in the x., Slaughters, Two Pond, Bull. Poplepens, and Cedar Ponds, in the E .; Little, Long, and Duck Cedar Ponds, in the s .; and Little Long, Round, and Mambasha Ponds, in the w.
9 Formerly called " Centerville."
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ORANGE COUNTY.
Station. A blast furnace is situated near the R. R., and another about 1 mi. E. There are about 15 houses in the vicinity. Monroe Works, (p. o.,) 3 mi. s. of Greenwood Works, was the seat of extensive iron works, which have been abandoned. It is Southfield Station on the N. Y. & E. R. R. Highland Mills, (p. v.,) in the N. part, contains 2 churches and 15 dwellings. Lower Smith Clove, 1 mi. s., and Woodbury Clove, 1 mi. N., of Highiland Mills, are hamlets. The first settlements were probably made about 1742.1 The Chesecocks Patent, granted in 1702, embraced a portion of the Ramapo Valley in this town. There are 5 churches in town.2
MONTGOMERYS-was formed March 7, 1788. Crawford was taken off in 1823, and a part of Ilamptonburgh in 1830. It lies upon the N. border of the co., E. of the center. Its surface is generally a hilly upland. The Comfort Hills, * 600 to 800 ft. above tide, extend along the w. border Wall Kil flows N. E. through near the center; and its principal tributary, Tin Brook,5 flows through the E. part. Upon Wall Kil, in the N. part, is a fall of 40 ft., affording an excellent water-power. Along the same stream, in the s. part, is considerable swamp land. The soil is a fine quality of gravelly loam. Montgomery, (p. v.,) upon Wall Kil, s. of the center, was incorp. Feb. 17, 1810. It contains 2 churches, the Montgomery Academy, 3 gristmills, and a sawmill. Pop. 760. Walden, (p. v.,) on Wall Kil, 3} mi. N. of Montgomery, was incorp. April 9, 1855. It contains 3 churches, a shawl factory, satinet factory, and a manufactory of cutlery. Pop. 641. St. An- drews, (p. o.,) in the N. E. part, contains 10 dwellings. Coldenham,6 near the E. line, is a hamlet. The earliest patent comprising land in this town was granted in 1709, to Henry Iile- man. It was located at the mouth of Tin Brook, below Walden. It was settled by the proprietor and divided into lots in 1712. Lieut. Gov. Cadwallader Colden, the owner of a patent in this town, located at Coldenham in 1728.7 The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) was formed at Montgomery Vil- lage in 1732.8
MOUNT HOPE-was formed from Walkill, Minisink, and Deerpark, as " Calhoun," Feb. 15, 1825. Its name was changed March 14, 1833. It lies upon the N. border of the co., N. w. of the center. Its surface is a hilly and broken upland. The Shawangunk Mts. extend through the w. part; the highest summits are 1,400 to 1,800 ft. above tide. Shawangunk River flows N. E. through the center, and the Little Shawangunk along the E. border. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam. Otisville, (p. v.,) near the w. border, contains 2 churches and 309 inhabitants. It is a station upon the Erie R. R. Mount Hope, (p. v., ) 2 mi. s. E. of Otisville, contains 2 churches and 120 inhabitants ; Newy Vernon, in the N. part, a church and 20 dwellings. Finchville is a hamlet, in the s. w. part. The precise date of the settlement of this town is unknown. James Finch settled some time previous to the Revolution.9 There are 6 churches in town.10
NEWBURGHII-was formed March 7, 1788. It lies upon the Hudson, and is the N. E. corner town in the co. Its surface is a hilly and broken upland, the highest summits being 600 to 900 ft.
1 A family of Smiths settled very early in the town, and from them the town was called " Smiths Clove." Among the early settlers were families of Millers. Galloways, Carpenters, Bulls, Dobbins, Wygants, Wards, Coltons. Nobles, Cunninghams, Slaughters, and Lamorcanx,-mostly English families from the Eastern States. The first iron works was that of Ward & Colton, erected in 1751 for the manufacture of anchors. It was situated in Warwick, just over the line from Monroe. In 1752 Abel Noble, from Penn., erected a forge in this town, near the Ward & Colton furnace. Here the first anchor was made, in 1753. Steel was made in 1776; and during the Revolution one of the chains thrown across the Hudson was manufactured here. It weighed 186 tons. During the Revolution, Claudius Smith, a noted tory, resided in this town. He was hung at Goshen, Jan. 22, 1779.
2 3 M. E., Presb., and Friends.
3 Named in honor of Gen. Richard Montgomery. In 1767 the town was called the "Walkill Precinct," and in 1772 it was known as the " Hanover Precinct." In 1782 its name was changed to the Montgomery Precinct.
4 Named from a family of Comforts who were early settlers in that region.
5 Name derived from Tinn and Broc, meaning small river.
6 Named from the family of Cadwallader Colden, who was an early proprietor.
7 ,Tchaunes Miller settled on Wall Kil. 2 mi. s. of Montgomery, in 1727. Among the other early settlers were John Neely, Charles Booth. Win. Fager. Fred. Sinsabangh, and Johannes Youngblood .-- all of whom settled between 1730 and 1741. The E. part of the town was originally settled by Irish, and the valley of Wall Kil by Hollanders. The first store was kept by Alexander Cokden, in 1742: and the first gristmill was built ut Walden, by James Kidd. In the fall of 1775 the people of Bos- |
ton, by reason of the great scarcity of supplies and provisions, applied to this State for aid; and accordingly a public meeting was called, which convened in the town of " Iltuoer," (now Montgomery.) In the mean time the friends of the mother conntry, always on the alert, had procured the services of a talented orator for the purpose of defeating the objects of the meeting. As no one could be found among the adherents of the cause of liberty who was able to speak iu public, recourse was had to the Rev. Mr. Annan, of Neelytown, who at first declined, but at length consented. A multitude were assembled on the occasion to hear a discussion upon a subject which was then the absorbing topic of the day. The discussion was con- tinned for some time with fairness and ability on either side, until at length, to check a strife of angry words and to test the disposition of the assembly, Mr. Annan suddenly said. " As many as are in favor of assisting the people of Boston and the caso of Liberty, follow me." The effect was electric. Immediately upon his leaving the house he beheld, to his utter astonishment, the whole multitude at his heels .- Eager's Hist. Orange Co., P. 636.
8 There are 7 churches in town ; 2 Ref. Prot. D., 2 M. E., Prot. E., Presb., and Covenanter. The Ref. Prot. D. church, near Montgomery, has connected with it a farm of 75 acres, valued at $7.000, and a parsonage.
9 Mr. Finch was n soldier in the French War, and a minute-man during the Revolution.
10 2 Presh .. 2 M. E., Cong .. and Bap.
11 Until 1763. the present towns of Newburgh and New Wind- for were included in the " Precinct of the Highlands." During that year this precinct was divided into the precincts of New- burgh and New Windsor, and continued as such until they were organized as towne in ITSS.
509
ORANGE COUNTY.
above the river. A series of bluffs 100 to 300 ft. in height extends along the river. The greater part of the hilly region is arable. The principal stream is Quassaic Creek,1 forming a part of the boundary of New Windsor. It receives from the N. Fostertown and Gidneys Creeks and Orange Lake Outlet. Orange Lake,2 in the w. part, covers an area of about 400 acres. Along its inlet is considerable marshy land. The soil is principally a elay and sandy loam. Newburgh, (p. v.,) on the Hudson, near the s. E. corner of the town, was ineorp. March 25, 1800. It lies upon a steep slope which riscs from the river to the height of about 150 ft. and thence spreads out into a rolling region. Besides the co. buildings, it contains 14 ehurelies,8 5 banks, and several private schools and academies." It is largely engaged in the manufacture of printed cotton cloths, eastings, beer, and a variety of other artielcs.5 The commercial interests of the place are also large and import- ant.6 The village is supplied with water brought from Little Pond, 3 mi. s. w., by the Newburgh Waterworks Co. These works were erected in 1853, at a cost of $96,000. In the lower part of the village the water has a head of 230 ft. A steam ferry connects this place with Fishkill Land- ing. Pop. 9,256. Overlooking the Hudson, in the s. part of the village, stands an old stone man- sion known as " Washington's IIcad Quarters." It is surrounded by a fine lawn of several aeres ; and the whole premises are owned and kept in order by the State." Savil is a p. o., about 5 mi. N. W. of Newburgh. Middle Hope, (p. v.,) in the N. E. part of the town, contains 1 church and 12 houses; Fostertown, 4 mi. N. w. of Newburgh, a church and 10 houses ; and Gard- nertown, E. of Orange Lake, a church and 14 houses. Coldenham is a p. o., in the w. part. Balmville, 2 mi. N. of Newburgh, is a hamlet. The first settlement was made on the present site of the village of Newburgh, by Palatinates, in 1708.8 The first church (St. George's Prot. E.) was formed about 1728; and the first minister was Rev. Mr. Charlton, sent out by the "London Society for the Propagation of the Gospel."" An almshouse, for the support of the town poor, is situated upon a farm of 75 acres on the s. w. line of the village corporation of Newburgh. The buildings are of brick ; and the cost of the whole establishment was about $30,000.10
NEW WINDSOR11-was formed March 7, 1788. A part of Hamptonburgh was taken off in 1830. It lies upon the Hudson, N. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and hilly up- land. The slopes and the summits of the hills are usually smooth and arable. Snake Hill is a rough, rocky eminence in the N. E. part, 500 to 600 ft. above tidc. The principal stream is Mur- derers Creek, flowing through the s. E. corner. Tin Brook flows N. along the w. border. Little Pond, in the N. E. part, supplies the Newburgh Waterworks. It is 230 ft. above tide. The soil is a gravelly and slaty loam. New Windsor, upon the Hudson, 2 ini. s. of Newburgh, contains 2 churches and about 75 dwellings. It is a steamboat landing, and the ecnter of a large brick
1 Named from a tribe of Indians who formerly lived in this vicinity. Sometimes called "Chambers Creek."
2 Formerly called " Moose Pond." It was afterward called " Machins Pond," from Capt. Machin, who erected upon its outlet a manufactory of copper coin.
8 4 Presb., 3 M. E., 2 Bap., 2 Asso. Ref., Ref. Prot. D., Prot. E., and R. C.
4 The Highland Acadciny, a private boarding school, was com- menced Sept. 1, 1858. (See p. 751.) The Newburgh Collegiate In- stitute was commenced May 1, 1857. There are several other select schools in the village.
5 Among the manufacturing establishments are 3 founderies, giving employment to 117 men, and turning ont work to the amount of $118,000 annually; the Newburgb Steam Printing Cloth Manufactory, employing 325 hands, and producing $200,000 wortb of goods per annum; a brewery, employing 35 men, and produciug 35,000 hols. of beer; and an agricultural implement factory, a car factory, a car wheel factory, a piano forte factory, a soap factory, a machine shop, boiler works, and a barrel manufactory,-in the aggregate giving employment to 200 hands, and producing annually goods to the amount of $240.000.
6 Shipping to the amount of about 4,000 tons burden is owned at this place. The receipts of luinber brought by the R. R. to this place in 1858 amounted to abont 21,000,000 ft., and 20,000 bunches of shingles.
7 The main body of this house was erected by Jonathan Has- brouck in 1750, and from this circumstance it was formerly known as "The Old Hasbronck House." The kitchen on the s. was added in 1760, making it a long, narrow building. In 1770 an addition was made upon the whole length of the w. side, and a new roof was thrown over the whole. There are 8 rooms on the first floor, and from the principal room 8 doors open leading to every part of the house, including the chambers and cellar. This building was used by Washington for his head- quarters while the American army occupied this position upon the Hudson. It was purchased by the State in 1850, and is kept as nearly as possible in its original condition. The rooms and the grounds are filled with relics of the Revolution and
mementos of the War of 1812 and the Mexican War. The walls of the bedroom occupied by Washington are covered by original letters of Washington, La Fayette, and other distinguished men of the Revolution, framed and glazed. Among the curiosities are the tables used by Washington and La Fayette, links from tbe chain wbich was stretched across the Hudson, and a great variety of warlike implements. Near the N. E. corner of the house is the grave of Uzal Knapp, the last of Washington's Life Guards; he died in Jan. 1856.
8 The " Newburgh Patent" was granted to George Lackstead, Michael Wiegard, Hleman Shoreman, Christian Henrcich, - Cockertal, Burgher Myndus, Jacob Webber, Johannes Fisher, and Andreas Valch,-all from Palatine, on the Rhine. They made a settlement, designated a site for a village, and called it New- burgh. How long they remained is not known; but previous to 1752 they sold out their grant, as at that date the patent was renewed by Gov. Clinton to Alexander Colden, Richard Albert- son, Edmund Conklin, jr., William Ward, Thomas Ward, Nathan Truman, Jacob Wandell, Johannes Wandell, Daniel Thurston, James Denton, Caliless Leveridge, Michael Demott, Wm. Smitlı, Henry Smith. Duncan Alexander, and William Mitchell. It is supposed that those last named were from England. Some of the early settlers were of Dutch descent; and a few were Hugue- nots originally from France. Of this last class were the Has broucks, Demotts, Slutty, Devines, Devolls, Degroves, Duboises, Hardenburghs, Snyders, Terwilligers, and Benscotens. The Hasbroucks came as early as 1750. The old Glebe School House was erected in 1752. Jonathan Hasbrouck erected the first mill, in 1753. A tract of 500 acres, called the "Glebe," near the N. line of Newburgh Village, was originally granted for the support of the gospel and schools.
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