USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 9
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3 Upon these early maps the Genesee was called "Casconchia- gon." or Little Senecas River. The water-power was not im- mediately improved, because every creek in the vicinity afforded sufficient power for the wants of the people.
+ Aaron Burr visited the place in 1795 and made a minute and critical survey of the Falls. In 1797 Louis Philippe and his
6 Charles Harford built a small mill in 1807,-the first one after that of Ebenezer Allen. The Browns built a race in 1812, and started a store. The saine year Samuel J. Andrews and Moses Atwater laid out a tract of land for settlement. Among the settlers who came in about this time were Rev. Abelard Rey- nold-, Dr. Jonah Brown, (the first physician,) Abraham starks, John Matlick, (the first lawyer,) Henry Skinner, Israel Scranton, Luscum Knapp, Hezekiah Noble, Joseph Hughes, Ebenezer Kelly. Ira West, Elisha and Henry Ely, Porter P. Peck. Josiah Isissell, jr., Michael Cully, Harvey Montgomery, Charles D. Farman, and Geo. G. Sill. The first child born was a son of Enos Stone, May 4, 1810. Hamlet Scranton built the first framed dwelling, in 1812, on the present site of the Eagle Tavern.
: The following table shows the progress of population since 1830 :-
1830 9,207 | 1845 26,965
1835. 14,414 1850
36,403
1840 20,191
| 1855 43,877
405
MONROE COUNTY.
loam on the uplands, and a rich alluvium on the flats. East Rush (Rush p. o.) contains a church, a saw and grist mill, a carriage factory, and about 250 inhabitants ; West Rush, (p. v., ) in the w. part, a station on the C. & N. F. Branch of the N. Y. C. R. R., contains a saw and grist mill and 30 houses ; North Rush, (p. v.,) in the N. w. part, about 1 mi. E. of Scottsville station, contains a church and 16 houses. Genesee Valley R. R. Junction is 1 mi. w. of West Rush. The first settlement was commenced in 1799, by Maj. Wm. Markham and Ran- som Smith, from N. II.1 The first settled minister was Elder Goff, (Bap.)2
SWEDEN-was formed from Murray, (Orleans co.,) April 2, 1813. It lies on the w. border of the co., near the center. Its surface is level and gently rolling. A high ridge passes E. and w. through the town, N. of the center. Salmon Creek rises in the s. w. part and flows in an E. and N. E. course through the town. The soil is clay and clay loam. Brockport,' (p. v.,) in the N. part, a canal village and R. R. station, was incorp. April 26, 1829, contains 6 churches, the Brock- port Collegiate Institute,4 a bank, 2 newspaper offices, 4 founderies, a planing mill, a manufactory of mowers and reapers, an extensive carriage manufactory, and a rotary pump manufactory. Pop. 2,143. Sweden Center, (Sweden p. o.,) near the center, contains 2 churches and 20 houses ; and West Sweden, near the s. w. corner, 2 churches and 15 houses. The first settlement was commeneed in 1807,5 by Nathaniel Poole and Walter Palmer. There are 10 churches in town.6
UNION-was formed from Clarkson, Oet. 11, 1852. It is the N. w. corner town of the co. Lake Ontario forms its N. boundary. Its surface is slightly rolling and inelines toward the lake. It is drained by a number of small streams, the principal of which is Sandy Creek. The soil is a sandy, clayey, and gravelly loam. Salt was manufactured to a limited extent by the early settlers. Clarkson Center, (p. v.,) in the s. part, contains 35 houses ; North Clarkson, (p. o.,) in the E. part, 8 houses ; Kendalls Mills, near the s. w. corner, partly in Kendall, (Orleans co.,) is a hamlet. The first settlement was commeneed in 1810, by Aretus Ilaskell.7 There are 5 churches in town.8 A Fourierite community was organized and located at the mouth of Sandy Creek, in 1843, under Dr. Theller, of Canadian Patriot War notoriety. The bubble soon burst.
WEBSTER-was formed from Penfield, Feb. 6, 1840. It lics on Lake Ontario, in the N. E. corner of the co. Irondequoit Bay forms the w. boundary. Its surface from the ridge in the s. part has a gentle inclination to the lake. The shore rises in places 50 ft., and in the w., on Iron- dequoit Bay, 80 to 100 ft. The streams are small and flow N. into the lake. The soil is a sandy loam N. of the ridge, and elay and elay loam in the s. Salt was manufactured to some extent by the carly settlers. Webster, (p. v.,) in the s. part, on the ridge, contains 4 churches, the Web- ster Academy, and 310 inhabitants; West Webster, (p. v.,) in the s. w. part, contains 40 houses. The first settlement was commeneed in 1805, under the agency of Caleb Lyon.9 The first church (M. E.) was formed in 1812, by Rev. Solomon Pierce.10
WHEATLAND-was formed from Caledonia, (Livingston co.,) as "Inverness," Feb. 23, 1821. Its name was changed April 3, 1821. It lies upon the s. border, in the s. w. part of the co. Genesee River flows s. on the E. border. Its surface is rolling. Oatka (or Allens) Creek flows E. through near the center of the town. It is joined at Mumford by the Outlet of Caledonia Springs, forming an excellent water-power. The soil is loam, mixed with elay in the interior, and with sand and gravel in some localities, the whole underlaid by limestone. Gypsum is found in large quantities. Scottsville,11 (p. v.,) in the E. part, contains 4 churches, a union school, extensive flouring mills,
1 Among the early settlers were Joseph Morgan, from tho w. side of the river, and - Spraker, from the Mohawk. Philip Brice, Chrystal Thomas, Jacob Stall, and John Bell, camo in 1801, from Md .; Joseph Sibley and Elisha Sibley, from Rensse- laer co., in 1804; Elnathan Perry and Thomas Daily, in 1806. The first hirth was that of Joseph Morgan, in 1789. The first deatlıs were Mr. and Mrs. Markhamn, in 1791. John Webster kept the first inn: Benj. Campbell the first store; aud John Webster built the first gristmill.
? The census reports 5 churches in town; 2 M. E., Evan. Luth., Bap .. and Christian.
8 Named from Hiel Brockway, a prominent early settler in the village.
4 This institution is under the supervision of the Baptist de- nomination, and is in a flourishing condition.
& Samuel Bishop, - Hopkins. Isaiah White, and Stephen Jolison came in 1807; John Reed. Timothy Tyler, and Edward Parks. in 1808. Reuben Moon, with his sous James, Ainos, and Isaac, settled in 1809 and '10. in the E. part. James Scott (colored) was the first settler in the s. part, in 1809. Jolin Phelps, Rufus Hammond. and - Knight were the original purchasers of the site of Brockport. James Seymour, George Allen, Thomas R. Roby, Ralph W. Goold, Luke Webster, and Charles Richardson were early settlers. Sauinel Bishop kept
the first inn, in 1809; Charles Richardson the first store; and Brockway & Blodgett built the first mill.
6 3 M. E., 2 Bap., F. W. Bap., Cong., Presh., Prot. E., and R. C. 7 Josialı and Samuel Randall, from Maine, settled in 1810; Stephen Baxter aud Jolin Nowlan, iu 1811 ; - Strunk settled at the mouth of Saudy Creek, in 1811; - Billings and Alanson Thomas, soon after. But few settlers came in until after 1>17. The first death was that of - Strunk, in 1812. A. D. Ray- mond kept the first inn; Daniel Pease the first store; and Alanson Thomas built the first mill, for Le Roy & Bayard.
8 M. E., Meth. Prot., Bap., F. W. Bap., and Union.
9 John Shoccraft, from Ulster Co., Isaac Straight, Daniel Har. rey, Abram Foster, Paul Hammond, William Mann, William Harris. John Letts, Samnel Fierce, Samuel Goodenough, and Benjamin Burnett, mostly from N. H. and Vt., settled about 1º06. The first birth was in the family of Caleb Lyon; and the first death. that of a child of N. Caines. Win. Harris taught the first school. in 1$10. John Letts kept the first inn; F. B. Coruing the first store, in 1825; aud Caleb Lyon built the first saw aud grist mill, in 1806.
10 There are 4 churches in town; Bap., M. E., Presb., and Univ. 11 Named fromn Isaac Scott, the first settler and owner of the prescut site of the village.
406
MONROE COUNTY.
plaster mills, a woolen factory, furnace, brewery and distillery, and a steam planing mill. Pop. 925. Mumford, (p. v.,) in the s. w. part, contains 3 churches, a saw and grist mill, machine shop, a thrashing machine manufactory, and plaster mill. Pop. 535. Garbuttsville contains extensive quarries of plaster, flour and plaster mills, and 20 houses ; Wheatland Center, (Wheatland p. o.,) near the center, contains 15 houses. The first settlement was made in 1789,1 by Peter Shaeffer, from Penn. The first church (Bap.) was formed in 1811. The first pastor was Rev. Solomon Brown. The census reports 11 churches in town.2
Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Families, Freeholders, Schools, Live Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufactures, of Monroe County.
ACRES OF LAND.
VALUATION OF 1858.
POPULATION.
SCHOOLS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Real Estate.
Personal
Property.
Total.
Males.
Females.
No. of Dwellings.
No. of Families.
:|Freeholders.
No. of
Children
taught.
Brighton.
12.079}
1.672
$1,032,786
$36,453
$1,069.239
1,777
1,546
499
532
291
1,005
Chili.
19,8551
5,1721
816.200
35,454
851,654
1,131
1,072
390
400
318
11
697
Clarkson
15,473
4,626
568,235
112,035
680,270
1,107
1,070
392
415
291
10
790
Gates
10,601
1.935
720,860
116,700
837,560
1.221
1,126
423
459
296
10
1,044
Greece.
24,289
5,770}
1,320,638
120,953
1,441,591
2,323
2,164
805
852
589
18
1,527
Henrietta
18,527₺
3,991
883,332
207,250
1,090,582
1,105
1,039
416
357
300
10
706
Irondequoit.
9,968
3,0831
587,840
48,234
636,074
1,660
1,574
582
614
460
6
1,291
Mendon.
18,9311
4.412
950,965
102,186
1,053,151
1,525
1,490
549
594
444
18
913
Ogden
18,042
3,631
787,045
79,700
866,745
1,604
1,476
553
585
464
14
911
Parma
20,020₴
6.012}
705,965
85,121
791,086
1,404
1,379
532
556
453
16
1.164
17,954}
4,962
707,297
43,600
750,897
1,544
1,487
607
612
434
12
1,111
17,295
5,094
83S.533
54.000
S92,533
1,661 }
1,514
570
647
433
11
985
12,648
2,050}
580.380
92,100
672,480
1,123
1,010
375
412
315
10
747
17,091}
4,000
730,992
78,452
815.444
1,050
975
384
385
202
13
S35
Rochester
6412
611
9,362.408
2.582.565
11,944.973
21,682 22,195
7,408
8,557
5,584
18
15.863
14,837
3.556
860.920
83,910
944,S30
889
861
301
318
215
10
646
Sweden
17,6024
4.1454
1.033,086
275,229
1,30S.315
1,982
1,985
712
523
523
13
1.293
Union
19,969}
5.7064
576,966
28,400
605,366
1,253
1,116
442
444
323
15
896
Webster.
15,454
4.703
552.277
94,871
647.148
1,228
1.160
496
518
333
11
931
Wheatland.
15,559
3,567
736.440
137,149
873,589
1,439
1,377
480
503
283
10
967
Total
316,840%
LIVE STOCK.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
BUSH. OF GRAIN.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Working
Oren and
Comos.
Sheep.
Stine .
Winter.
Spring.
Tons of Hay.
Bushels of Potatoes.
Bushels of
Pounds
Butter.
Pounds
Cheese.
Domestic Cloths. in Yards.
Brighton.
594
633
561
2,110
1,036
19,304
80,077}
3,388}
34,815
20,187
50.828
1.480
152
Chili
956
1,479
966
8,745
2,142
49,074
96,2584
4,239
25,206
26,819
117,665
4.360
282
Clarkson
824
1,151
728
7.736
1,669
17,398
88,855
3,327
13,542
27.154
69,411
11,630
263
Gates
500
546
616
1.165
S27
17,226
69,955
2,594
22,952
17,430
41,285
850
20
Greece.
1,365
1,667 ;
1,449
9,174
3.009
38.556
135,6842
5,289₺
98,293
61,656
159,985
4,745
1,379
Irondegnoit
513
630
654
1.167
932
24,809
43,881
2,074
87,633
12,031
45,512
1,160
53
Mendon ...
1.155
1.222
1.067
8,658
1.303
83,321
117,6831
2,444
18,453
10,670
96,020
13.035
338
Ogden
1,009
1,343
956
5.690
1.793
52,183
107.7064
3,666}
32.509
40.526
110,217
9.163
289
Parma
1,180
1,655| 1.235
9,626
2.905
27,6021
128,8111
3,969,
31.631
42.509
150.751
9.593
731
Penfield
1,044
1.027
1,040
4.999
2,053
35,316
131,003
2,193}
57,044
38,714
94,318
10,495
6802
Perington
1,000
1.606
918
5.008}
1,676,
44.943}
101,503
3,0621
62,150
25,729
81,868
10,626
144
Pittsfield
831
838
593
3,669
32.343
68.9651
1,586
30,668
7,818
40.633
670
Riga
894
1,146;
745
7,154
1.782
74,831
84,0541
2,431
9,697
23.707
68,930
10,425
218
Rochester.
1,544
25;
844
323
200
2,179
94
2,130
1,715
376
Rush.
702
S61
6.734
2.102
47,013
71,728
1,981
10,890
16.790
78,910
4.400
180
Sweden.
986
1.432.
1.002
5,816
1,595.
62,059
82,999
3,057
10,553
30,210
86.909
12,600
685
Union
1,043
1,629
968
10.617
2.39S'
10.765₺
151.385
3,670}
27.899
20,820
108.101
7.011
486
Webster
891
1,025
921
5,825
1,731.
19,876
94,973
3,227
42,586
33,477
126,350
3.335
671
Wheatland
1,015
1.005
793
6.869
1.978 107,999
60.526
2,505
19,380
8.468
43,127
7,802
404
Total.
18.913 21,981 17,564 116.817 34.727 819,5294 1,833.551
58,7382 654.551 491,491 1,6 +3,515. 131.253
1 7,347₴
Henrietta
1,061
822
6,055
1,966
54,710
115,292
3.939₺
16,520
25,061
72,319
7,873
372
Penfield
Perington
Pittsfield
78,182 |24,359.165 | 4.414.362
28,773.527
| 48,708 47,616 :16,916 18,283 12.551 ||245 32.916
Horses.
Calves.
Apples.
of
Districts. 9
1 Mr. Shaeffer and his sons Peter and Jacob came in Dec. | soon after. Zachariah Garbutt and family settled at what is 1789. They found a settlement commenced by Ebenezer Allen and his brother-in-law, Christopher Dugan, near the mouth of Allens Creek, a short distance below Scottsville. Allen had a comfortable log honse and about 60 acres of improvement. The Sharffers became the purchasers of his farm, paying $2.50 per acre. After the sale, Allen left with his family for Mount Morris.
now Garbuttsville, in 1803; and Powell Carpenter, near Scotts- ville, in 1804. The first marriage was that of Peter Shaeffer, jr., and a daughter of Jacob Schoonover, in 1790. ( Ebenezer Allen had previously added another inmate to his harem by a pre- tended marriage with Lucy Chapman. See p. 711.) The first death was that of Peter Shaeffer. sen. Jacob Scott kept the first The valley of the river below Shaeffer's was slow in settling: ' inn. Philip Garbutt and Abram Hanford the first store: and Joseph Morgan came in 1792. Andrew Wortman in 1794 or '95. Peter Shaeffer. jr., built the first sawmill, in 1810. and the first gristmill, in 1811. John and Robert MeKay built the first grist- mill, at Mainford, in 1808; and Donald McKenzie erected the first cloth dyeing works w. of Genesce River. Caleb Aspinwall, Prefer Conkle, Frederick and Nicholas Hetz- tiller were early settlers in the Shaefter neighborhood. Reuben Heath came from Vi. in 1799. The s. w. part was carly settled, under the auspices of Charles Williamson, by Scotch. among 2 2 Presb., 2 Bap., 2 Friends, 2 R. C., Prot. E., M. E., and Asso. whom were John McNaughton and family, near Mumford. | Ref. Presb. Isaac Scott settled at Scottsville about 1790, and Donald Mic Vean
1,207
Riga
Rush
MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
OMERY THIS county was formed from Albany, March 12, 1772, under the name of " Tryon Co."] Its name was changed April 2, 1784. On- C tario was taken off in 1789, Herkimer, Otsego, and Tioga in 1791, Hamilton in 1816,2 and Fulton in 1838. It lies on both sides of the Mohawk, centrally distant 39 miles from Albany, and contains 436 NOW sq. mi. The general system of highlands which forms the eon- SEAL neeting link between the northern spurs of the Alleghany Mts. on the s. and the Adirondaeks on the N. extends through this eo. in a N. E. and s. w. direction. Mohawk River euts through the upland, Y 4 and forms a valley 1 to 2 mi. wide, and 200 to 500 ft. below the sun- mits of the hills. The valleys of several of the tributaries of the Mohawk extend several miles into the highland distriet at nearly right angles to the river valley. The hills bordering upon the river generally rise in gradual slopes, and from their summits the country spreads out into an undulating upland, with a general inelination toward the river, into which every part of the surface of the eo. is drained. The principal tributaries of the Mohawk are the East Canada, Garoga, Cayadutta, Chuetenunda Creeks, and Evas Kil, on the N., and Cowilliga, Chuetenunda, Sehoharie, Auries, Flat, Canajoharie, and Otsquaga Creeks, on the s. The highest point in the co. is Bean Hill, in Florida, and is estimated to be 700 ft. above tide, and the lowest point is the bed of the Mohawk, on the E. line of the eo., 260 ft. above tide.
Gneiss, the only primary roek in the eo., is found in patches, the principal locality being at " The Noses," on the Mohawk.3 Resting directly upon this are heavy masses of ealeiferous sandstone, appearing mostly on the N. bank of the river and extending into Fulton eo." Next above this are the Black River and Trenton limestone, not important as surface rocks, but furnishing valuable quarries of building stone. The slates and shiales of the Hudson River group extend along the s. border of the eo. and are found in a few places N. of the river. Drift and boulders abound in various places. The soil along the river consists of alluvial deposits and a deep, rich, vegetable mold, and upon the uplands it is mostly a highly productive sandy and gravelly loam. The pro- ductions are principally grass and spring grains. The uplands are finely adapted to pasturage, and dairying forms the leading pursuit. Upon the Mohawk Flats immense quantities of broomcorn are raised. There are several important manufactories in the co., consisting chiefly of woolen goods, carpets, paper, agricultural implements, sash and blinds, and eastings. Quarrying is ex- tensively carried on.5
The principal publie works are the Erie Canal, extending along the s. side of the Mohawk, and the N. Y. Central R. R.,6 on the N. bank. A wire suspension bridge erosses the Mohawk at Fort Hunter, and wooden bridges at Amsterdam, Fonda, Canajoharie, Fort Plain, and St. Johnsville. An iron bridge was built at Fort Plain, in 1858.
The county seat is located at Fonda, a pleasant village on the Mohawk, built on the site of the aneient Dutch settlement of "Caughnawaga."" The courthouse is a fine briek edifiee, containing the usual co. offices.8 The jail is a stone building, adjacent to the courthouse.9 The co. poorhouse is located upon a farm of 150 aeres situated in Glen, about 3 mi. E. of Fonda. The building is old and poor, and has few arrangements for the health, comfort, or convenience of its inmates. The average number of inmates is 125. The farm yields a revenue of $1,000.
The first newspaper in the eo. was established at Fort Plain, in 1827.10
1 Named from Wm. Tryon, Colonial Governor. Present name given in honor of Gen. Richard Montgomery, of the Revolu- tiun. As hurst formed, this co. embraced all of the State w. of Delawine River and a line extending N. through Schoharie, and along the L. lines of the present cos. of Montgomery, Fulton, and Hamilton, and continuing in a straight line to Canada.
? Taken off with Herkimer in 1791, and restored to Mont- gomery March 31, 1797.
3 This tock here contains pink colored garnets.
4 This rock often contains in its cavities quartz and nodules of anthracite roal, winch has led to foolish expenditures of large suis iu mining for coal. Near Sprakers Basin traces of lead have been found.
6 Stune from these quarries were used in the construction of canal locks and other public works.
6 Formerly " Schenectady d' Utica R. R." The Catskill & Canajoharie R. R., incorp. in 1830, was opened to Cooksburgh
from Catskill at a cost of 3400,000. In 1842 it was abandoned, the track sold for $11,000 and taken up.
T "Caughnawaga" was one-half mi. E. of the courthouse, but is now included within the incorporation of the village of Fonda. The co. seat was removed from Johnstown in 1836. The condi- tions of the removal were that a subscription of $4500 should be raised, and a site of not less than 3 acres donated to the co. This removal occasioned great dissatisfaction, and led to the division of the co. in 1838.
8 By an act passed March 19, 1778. the sheriff's mileage iu Tryon co. was directed to be reckoned from " The Noses," which practice appears to have been continued for some time.
9 The jail is so constructed as not to answer the requirements of the law in the classification of prisoners. The courthouse and jail were erected at a cost of $30.500.
10 The Watch Tower was begun at Fort Plain in 1827 by S. M.
407
408
MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
The early history of this eo. is full of ineident and interest. At the time of the first advent of the whites it was the principal seat of the Mohawks, one of the most powerful tribes of the Five Nations. The policy adopted by the early Dutch settlers of the colony, and continued by their English sueccssors, strongly attached a majority of these savages to their interests; and the unpro- voked attaek of Champlain, in 1609, made them hate the French in Canada with intense bitterness. In the wars that ensued, the Five Nations proved faithful allies to the English, and on many oeea- sions shielded them from hostile attaeks. In 1665-66 a French expedition, consisting of 600 men, under De Courcelles and De Tracy, was sent against the Indians, and proceeded as far as Sehenec- tady; but, after mueh suffering and the loss of many men, the army returned to Canada without affeeting any thing. Within the next few years several French expeditions were sent against the western tribes of the Five Nations, and in return the Indians made a deseent upon Montreal in 1689, laid waste whole plantations, and destroyed many lives.1 In retaliation, Count Frontenac sent several expeditions against the Indians and English, one of which destroyed Schenectady in 1690.2 In the winter of 1692-93 the French again invaded the Mohawk country, surprised and destroyed two of their three eastles,3 and took about 300 prisoners. In the engagement at the third eastle they lost 30 of their number; and in their retreat they were pursued by Maj. Peter Sehuyler at the head of 200 regulars and militia, who succeeded in killing 33 and wounding 26 of their number and in reseuing 50 prisoners. Favored by the severe eold, the remainder escaped and fled to Canada through the great northern wilderness. Their sufferings on this journey were intense. As early as 1642-43, a French Jesuit visited the Mohawk settlements; and between that date and 1678, 10 missionaries of this order labored to bring over the Indians of this region to the Freneh interests and the Catholic religion. Though attended with great hardships, and in one or two instanees with death, these labors were in some measure sueeessful, and in 1671 a large number of Indians removed from Caughnawaga to Canada.4
A military post, known as Fort IIunter, was established near the mouth of Sehoharie Creek in 1711. About the same time a large number of German Palatinates, sent over by Queen Anne, settled upon the IIudson, and shortly after removed to Sehoharie and the Mohawk Vallcy and set- tled upon lands given them by Government. At about the same period a considerable number of IIolland Dutch, from Schenectady and vicinity, found their way into the co. and extended their improvements up the valley. In 1730 the first mill N. of the Mohawk was built on the site of "Cranes" Village by two or three brothers named Groat; and this for a time served the settle- ments at German Flats, 50 mi beyond.5
The land grants in this eo. were made in comparatively small tracts. The first were issued as early as 1703. On the 19th of Oet. 1723, a patent of 12,000 acres, ealled " Stone Arabia," N. of the
S. Gant, who was succeeded by John Calhoun & - Platt. In 1830 it was published as
The Fort Plain Sentinel.
The Fort Plain Gazette was begun in 1833 by H. L. Gros.
The Fort Plain Republican was begun in 1835 by E. W. Gill. It was succeeded by
The Tocsin in 1836, H. Link, publisher.
The Fort Plain Journal was commenced in 1838 by W. L. Fish. It changed owners several times, and was finally merged in
The Lutheran Herald, which continued a short time.
The Students Gleaner, by students of the Fort Plain High School, was issued from The Journal office.
The Montgomery Phoenix was begun at Fort Plain Feb. 3, 1841, by L. F. Backns, publisher, and D. F. Young, editor. In Feb. 1854 it was changed to
The Mohawk Valley Register, under which name it is now published by Webster & Wendell.
The Mohawk Farmer was published at Caughnawaga at an early period.
The Canujoharie Telegraph was published by Henry Hoogh- kirk in 1825-26.
The Canajoharie Sentinel was published in 1827; Samuel Cald- well, editor.
The Canajoharie Republican was published in 1827-28; Henry Bloomer, editor, and afterward John McVean & D. F. Sacia.
The Montgomery Argus was published by J. Mc Vean in 1831-32, and continued by S. M. S. Grant till 1836.
The Canajoharie Investigator was published from 1833 to '36 by Andrew H. Calhoun.
The Radii was begun in 1837 by Levi S. Backus, a deaf mute; in Nov. I>40, it was burned ont, and removed to Fort Plain; in 1854 it was removed to Madison co., but has since returned to Fort Plain. For several years the State made appropriations for sending this paper to deaf mutes throughout the State.
The Mohawk Valley Gazette was published at Canajoharie hy W. H. Riggs from 1847 to '49.
The Montgomery Union was published at Canajoharie hy W. S. Hawley, 1850-53. Four numbers of another paper were published at the same place in 1854 by S. M. S. Gant.
The Mohawk Advertiser, published at Amsterdam hy Darius Wells, was changed to
The Intelligencer and Mohawk Advertiser in 1834. In 1835 it was published by John J. Davis, L. II. Nicholds, editor. In 1836 it was published by S. B. Marsh, and, after several changes, it was changed in 1854 to
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