USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 2 > Part 87
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WESTCHESTER --- was organized as a town, Nov. 7, 1788. West Farms was taken off in 1846. It lies on the Sound, in the extreme s. part of the co. It is bounded on the w. by Bronx River, and on the s. and E. by the Sound. Its surface is generally low and flat along the coast and rolling further inland. Several bays and estuaries extend far inland and divide the land into several peninsulas and neeks. The principal of the latter are Classons Point,5 between Bronx and Westchester Rivers ; Zeregors Point, next E .; and Throggs Neek,6 a long and narrow promontory extending s. E. into the Sound. About 2,500 aeres along Westchester River is a salt meadow, a portion of which is held as public property and managed by 3 trustees. The people are prinei- pally engaged in gardening and fruit growing. Westchester, (p. v.,) at the head of navi- gation on Westchester Crcek, is a scattered village of about 1,000 inhabitants. Bronxdale, on the line of West Farms, has an extensive tape factory, a dye and bleach works, and about 400 inhabitants. Schuylerville, upon Throggs Neck, is a scattered village of 300 inhabitants. Integrity, near Bronsdalc, has a tape factory. Connersville, Wakefield, Center- ville, and Unionport are modern villages. Fort Schuyler, upon the extremity of Throggs Neek, was begun in 1833; and in 1851 $848,013 had been expended upon it. The estimated cost of the construction and repairs was then $873,013.7 The first settlement on Throggs Neek was made in was begun in 1833; and in 1851 $848,013 had been expended upon it. The estimated cost of the construction and repairs was then $873,013.1 The first settlement on Throggs Neek was made in 1642, by John Throckmorton and 35 associates, from New England, with the consent of the Dutch. The Indian title to the land was extinguished in 1643, by the Dutch, and a land brief was granted in that year, and another in 1652. . The English began a settlement at Westchester 8 in 1642; but the Dutch, considering them intruders, arrested several of them, and in 1656 they surrendered themselves to the Dutch Government. The settlement was elaimed by Conn. in 1663; but the next year it came under the government of the Duke of York. A patent was granted by Gov. Nieoll, Feb. 13, 1667, and by Gov. Dongan, Jan. 6, 1686. A market was established at West- chester, May 11, 1693, to be held weekly ; and the same year an annual fair was established, to meet alternately at this place and Rye. It was made a borough town April 16, 1696, with mayor, aldermen, and common council, "according to the form of the best governed towns and corpora- tions of the realm of England," and the right of holding a mayor's court, and a representation by one delegate in General Assembly. The De Lancey family, prominent officials under the Colonial Government, and loyalists of the Revolution, resided in this town. The first church (Cong.) was formed soon after the arrival of the first settlers.9
WEST FARMS-was formed from Westchester, May 13, 1846. Morrisania was taken off in 1855. It lies upon the Sound and along Harlem River, in the s. part of the eo. The surface is rolling, the ridges extending N. and s. Bronx River forms its E. boundary, and Sawmill Brook flows through the center. Its soil is a gravelly and sandy loam, rendered very productive by seien- tific farming. West Farms, (p. v., ) a large village at the head of navigation on Brons River,
1 This river is said to discharge 3.628.800 gallons of water per day
2 Ilachaliah Bailey, of Somers, ahont 1815 imported the first elephant brought into the United States. "Old Bet" with other animals soon after imported was formed the first travel- ing menagerie in the country, with which Van Amburgh. the Lion Tamer, was afterward associated. Thaddeus and Gerard Crane, Lewis Titus, and John June, familiar to the public as enterprising showmen, were from this town and North Saleni.
3 2 M. E., 2 Preah,, and Prot. F.
The Dutch called this region "Freedlandt." or the land of peace, and the village " Ourst Dorp," or East Village.
6 Formerly " Cornhills Neck," and granted to Thos. Corubill. or Cornell, in 1646.
6 Named from John Throckmorton, the pioneer settler. A lighthouse, 61 feet high and fifi feet above the Sound, was built here in 1826, and refitted in 1855. It has a fog bell struck by machinery 7 times per minute.
7 It was built to accommodate 1,250 men and to mount 318 cannon. With the projected work upon Wilkins Point, in Flushing, Queens co., these fortresses would effectually protect New York against the approach of a hostile fleet from the Sound. The fort is built of granite from Greenwich, Conn.
8 The settlers at " Freedland!" at this time were Lieut. Thos Wheeler. Thos. U. Newman, Robert Bassett, John Clone, Sher- wood Davies, Wm. H. Fenfall, Richard C. Meares, Samnel Havelt. Isaac Ho!bert, Robert Roes, Jas. Bill, John S. Genner, Richard Osbort, and Wm. Ward. The Dutch released Capt. R. Ponton, Win. Elet Black, John Gray, and Roger Wheeler, who had been arrested for taking up arte at " Freedlandt."-Bolion's Westchester, 11, p. 160. In 1662 they were allowed to nominate their own magistrates and hold their own courts ; " but in dark und dubious matters-especially in witchcraft-the party ag- grieved might appeal to the Governor and Council."
9 There are 7 churches in town; 2 Friends, Cong., Prot. E., M. E., Presb., and Af. Meth.
707
WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
3 mi. from the Sound, contains 4 churches, a carpet factory, molding mill, and gristmill. Ford- ham, (p. v., ) on the R. R., in the N. part of the town, contains 4 churches and is the seat of St. John's College.1 Tremont,? Central Morrisania,' Williams Bridge, (p. o., ) and Fair- mount are modern villages. The last named is a station upon the llarlem R. R. Claremont is a small village on the line of Morrisania. The eastern part of the present town, originally known as "The West Farms," was patented April 25, 1666, to Edward Jessup and John Richardson, Indian purchasers.4 Fordham was bought by the Dutchi in 1639, and in 1646 it was owned by Adrien Van der Donck. In 1671 John Archer, owner of 1,253 acres, obtained a patent under the title of the " Manor of Fordham." It passed to Cornelius Steenwyck, and was conveyed by his widow in 1694 to the Dutch church in New York, in whose possession it remained 60 years.5 The High Bridge of the Croton Aqueduct connects the s. w. corner of this town with N. Y. City and Ma- comb's Bridge, in the N. w. corner. Fort No. 8 was built upon the eminence N. w. of the Archer homestead in the Revolution ; and its guns assisted in the capture of Fort Washington in 1776. It was demolished by the enemy Oct. 20, 1782. Fort Independence, on Tetards lill, was dismantled in 1833. Prince Charles Redoubt and the Negro Fort of the Revolution were on the s. side of Valentines llill. There are 8 churches in town.6
WHITE PLAINS-was formed March 7, 1788. It is an interior town, lying s. of the center of the co. The surface is rolling and hilly. Mamaroneck River forms its E. boundary, and Bronx River its w. St. Marys Lake lies along its E. border. The soil is a clayey and gravelly loam. White Plains' (p. v.) is situated near the w. line of the town. It contains the old and new co. buildings, 3 churches, and several private seminaries. It is a station upon the Ilarlem R. R., and contains about 1,000 inhabitants. This town was purchased Nov. 22, 1683, by the inhabitants of Rye, and was settled soon after. In 1720 it was divided among 41 proprietors ;8 and a charter was granted March 13, 1721, with a quitrent of 2 shillings 6 pence to every 100 acres. It em- braced 4,435 acres. Many important historical events occurred in this town during the Revolution. The village was wantonly burned Nov. 5, 1776, by a New England major. The battle of White Plains was fought on Chatterton Hill, in Greenburgh, opposite, and within view of the village. There are 6 churches in town.9
YONKERS10-was formed as a town March 7, 1788. It is the most southerly town in the co., apon the Hudson. The surface is rugged and broken by several ridges extending w. and s. Va- lentines Ilill,11 the highest point, is 400 ft. above tide. Tuckahoe Hill, in the E. part, and Thirty Deer Ridge, extending into Greenburgh, are prominent points. The principal streams are Bronx River, forming the E. boundary, Spuyten Duyvil Creek, forming the s. boundary, Neperhan River, flowing through the center, and Sprain River and Tibbetts Brook.12 The soil is a clayey and gravelly loam. The people are largely engaged in manufactures.13 The heights along the river are studded with elegant country residences. Many of the inhabitants are engaged in busi-
1 This college, situated on Rose Hill, immediately R. of the Harlem R. R., is under the control of the R. C. denomination. It was incorp. April 10, 1846. having been opened for students June 24, 1841. It is under the dircet charge of Jesuits, wlio. being associated for religious motives. receive no salary beyond personal support. Six other persons are employed as special instructors upon pay. In 1858 it reported to the Regents 59 undergraduates, besides which it has about 100 other pupils. Upon the premises is a large and handsome gothic church, and St. Joseph's Theological Seminary. The main building. of stone, 2 stories high, with an attic, contains the parlor. chapel. and professors' apartments, and is adorned with valuable paintings. Two front wings. of brick, one story each, 90 by 25 feet. contain the refectory. kitchen, study hall for the first division, and general assembly room. A large brick building contains the study hall for the second division, sleeping, play, and wash rooms. At eachi end of the front wings is a 3 story brick building, for reading hall, music. drawing, and elass rooms, and dormitories. A 3 story hrick building. 100 by 20 feet. contains the library, museum. wardrobe, and walking hall, for the senior division. The farm and property are valued at $147.000. Its libraries number 12.090 volumes, and It has a valuable cabinet of minerals.
2 Formerly " Upper Morrisania," "South Fordham," "Adams- ville." and "Mount Hope,"-all of which are now embraced in one village under the general name of Tremont.
& A town hall was authorized to be erected April 15, 1854, and was located E. of Fordham Avenue. in Central Morrisania. It was built at a cost of about $15,000. By the subsequent erec- tion of Morrisania it is brought near the 8. border of this town. 4 This patent was bounded v. by Bronx River, and w. by a little brook called by the natives Sachwrahung .- including a neck of land called Quinnahung. The s. part of the town. or " Planting Neck," was called by the Indians Quiunabung. The w. side of this neck was called the . Debatable Ground," because
it was in dispute between the patentees of West Farms and Morrisania from 1666 to 1740.
6 An act of General Assembly, Dec. 12, 1753, allowed the Dutch cburch to sell the Manor of Fordham .- which was done. and the money received is now vested in thecity. Three hundred acres were excepted from this sale by Mrs. Stoenwyck.
6 3 Prot. E., 2 Ref. Prot. D., 3 M. E., Presb., and R. C.
7 This village is divided into two parts, -the old village, lying about three-fourths of a mile from the a. R., and the new vil- lage, lying between the old village and the R. a. station.
8 Among these were families named Horton, Denham, Purdy. Brown. Lane, Frost, Disbrow, Merritt, Ilyatt, Hoyt, Knapp. l'ease, Kniffin, Odell, Galpin, Budd, Lounsberry, Travis, Stock- ham, Fowler, Walter, Cox, Jeffrey, Sherwood, Lyon. and Brondig. Several of these uames are still common in lowe. 9 3 M. E., Prot. E., Presb., and R. C.
10 Pronounced Yunk'ers. It is a Dutch word, signifying “gen tleman," or country nobleman,-a title of respect applied first in this place to Adrien Van der Donck, the patentoe and first proprietor. This town and Mile Square formed a township in the great Manor of Philipsburgh. until tho Revolution. The Indians ealled the place Ke-ke-shick.
11 Named from the family who owned the adjoining property for about 130 years.
12 Sprain River was called by the natives Ar-men-pe-ral ; and Tibbetts Brook, Mos-ho-lu.
13 There are about 20 manufactories in town, employing, when in full operation, 1,200 to 1,500 persons. Two hat factories each employ near 200 operatives. The foundery at Spuyten Dnyvil employs about 300 hands: and a pickle factory, on the Hudson, a still larger number. The Neperhan, a stream that enters the lludson in the lower part of Yonkers Village, sffords a con- siderable amount of water-power.
708
WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
ness in New York. Yonkers, (p. v.,) on the Hudson, near the center of the w. border of the town, was incorp. April 12, 1855. It contains 9 churches, several private seminaries,1 2 banks, and 2 newspaper offices. Pop. in 1859, 6,800. It is a steamboat landing,2 and a station on the Hudson River R. R. It has several manufactories and a great number of beautiful suburban villas.8 Spuyten Duyvil, (p. v.,) on the creek separating the town from New York, is the seat of several large founderies, and is principally inhabited by operatives. Tuckahoe, (p.o.,) an old settlement in the E. part, is a station upon the Harlem R. R ... Near this place arc several marble quarries. Kingsbridge (p. o.) lies upon Harlem River, and is connected with New York City by a bridge. Riverdale, below Yonkers, is a group of villas and a R. R. station. South Yonkers is a p. o. The Croton Aqueduct passes through this town from N. to s. A castellated stone mansion, built by Edwin Forrest, the tragedian, on the banks of the Hudson, a mile below Yonkers, has lately been purchased for an educational institution by the Roman Catholics.5 The country now included in Yonkers, West Farms, and Morrisania, and containing about 24,000 acres, was granted to Adrian Van der Donck in 1646, with the right and title of Patroon. He gave to his estate the title of "Colen Donck," perfected its title by purchase from the Indians, and took measures tor its improvement.6 There are 15 churches in town.7
YORKTOWN8-was formed March 7, 1788. It lies upon the N. border of the co., w. of the center. Its surface is broken and hilly. The Highlands lie along the N. border; and several points are elevated 600 to 1,000 ft. above tide. The principal stream is Croton River,9 flowing across the s. part. Moharsic Lake,10 near the center, Mohegan Lake, in the N. part, and Magriga- nies Lake, in the N. E. corner, are small bodies of water. Crompond, (Yorktown p. o.,) rear the center, Pines Bridge, (p. o.,) near the E. line, Jefferson Valley, (p. o., ) in the N. E. corner, and Shrub Oak, (p. o.,) near the N. line, are hamlets. A rolling mill, wire factory, gristmill, and sawmill have been erected 2 mi. w. of Croton dam. This town formed a part of Cortlandt Manor, and in the division of 1734 fell to the shares of Andrew Miller, Gertrude Becck- man, Cornelia and John Schuyler, Gertrude Verplanck, Elizabeth Skinner, John Watts, Philip Verplanck, and Susannah Warren. A Presb. church built at Crompond10 about 1738 was burned July, 1779, and a committee in Congress in 1839 reported in favor of paying $3,500 for the loss, as the premises had been used as a storchouse by the Continental troops. Col. Green was surprised in this town May 13, 1781, by a party of refugees, in which affair Maj. Flag, 2 subalterns, and 27 men were killed, and many wounded. The census reports 7 churches in town.11
1 The principal of these are the Yonkers Collegiate Institute ' loss; and his estates were sold by the State to his tenants at and Gymnasium, conducted on the military system, Starr's Board- | Very moderate rates.
ing School, several female seminaries, and a public free school.
" The steamer Henry Clay was burned not far from this place, on her down trip, July 28, 1852. Of 500 persons on board, nearly 100 perished, among whom was A. J. Downing, the editor and author.
8 The Manor Hall, near the center of the village, bnllt about 1745, was one of the seats of the Philipse family.
+ Hodgman's Rubber Goods Manufactory, located at this place, employs about 75 hands.
5 An edifice of fine architectural proportions and great size was erected, in 1858, in the rear of the mansion. The premises forin the institution formerly located on the Central Park in New York, and are under the charge of Sisters of Charity.
6 Van der Douck subsequently took an active part in repre- senting in llolland the Interests of the colonists against the alleged tyranny of the West India Company and its servants, and finally succeeded in his efforts, notwithstanding the enmity of Gov. Stuyvesant and the influence he was able to bring to oppose liin. He died in 1655, and his estate was afterward sold in detached portions by hls widow. His settlement was laid waste by the Indians, Sept. 15, 1655, and probably remained unoccupied uutil after the English conquest. In 1672 Frederick Flypsen or Philipse, with Thos. Delaval and Thos. Lewis, bought 8.000 acres of Colen Donck, nearly all in the present town of Yonkers: and subsequently the former became sole owner to Kings Bridge. For one of these thirds he paid £530. These pacssious were extended, by further purchase, to Croton and Bronx Rivers; and lu June, 1693, the Lordship or Manor of Philipsburgh was erected, with all the rights, honors, or privi- leges enjoyed by the most favored, excepting that of represen- tation in the General Assembly. He established a drawbridge At Spnytel. Dutyvil Creek, built a church, still standing, in Sleepy Hollow, and made other improvements. llis descendants occupied a prominent position in the colonial government ; but, siding with the royal cause, he lost overy thing in the Revolu- tion. Col. F. Philipsn. the last proprietor of this estate, was paid £62,075 by the British Government, as an equivalent for this
£62,075 by the British Government, as an equivalent for this loss; aud his estates were sold by the State to his tenants at very moderate rates.
T 4 Prot. E., 3 M. E., 2 Presb., 2 R.C., Bap., Ref. Prot. D., Wes Meth., and Unita.
8 The country E. of Cortlandtown was called by the Mohegans Appanraghipogh; and the E. part of Yorktown is still called " Amawalk,"-probably an abbreviation .- Bolton's Westchester, II, p. 377.
9 The Croton dam, at the head of the Croton Aqueduct, is in this town. At the top it is 166 ft. above tide and 55 ft. above the bed of the river ; 61 feet wide at low water level, with openings of 90 and 180 feet for the passage of the surplus waters. Between these is a partition, torming the foundation of the gatehouse and slniceway for relieving the structure from the pressure of the lake, and for the discharge of water during repairs. The water flows over an ogee-curved apron of cut stone laid upon hewn timber, and is received in a pond, formed by a second dain, 300 ft. below. The aqueduct is taken from the lake through a tunnel. on the s. side, 180 ft. long in the solid rock ; and the flow of water is regulated by a double set of metal gates. The dam was destroyed while building, in Jan. 1841 ; but the present structure promises to stand without injury, and almost without repair, to an Indefinitely remote period. The surface over which the waste water flows is now much more ainple than was intended before the accident in 1841. The pond has a capacity of 500,000,000 gallons.
Croton River was named Kitchawan, signifying a large ane swift current. The bend west of Pines Bridge was named Keweglitegnack. The commissioners were obliged to purchase about 900 acres of land overflowed by the dam, at an average cost of $500 per acre.
10 Often called "Crom Pond," the Dutch term for Crooked Pond. It consists of 2 parts united. Near this pond is French Ilill, where the French forces under Rochambeau were en. caniped in 1781-82. Turkey Mountain is an extensive woodland tract to the s. E ..
11 2 31. E., 2 Friends, Bap., Cong., and Presb.
709
WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Families, Freeholders, Schools, Live. Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufactures, of Westchester County.
ACRES OF LAND.
VALUATION OF 1858.
POPULATION.
SCHOOLS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Real Estate.
Personal
Property.
Total.
Males.
Females.
No. of Dwellings.
No. of Families.
Freeholders.
No. of
Children
taught.
Bedford.
21,243₺
3,473 6.966₺
2,614,150
502,600
3,116,750
4,500
3,968
1,181
679
17
3,110
East Chester.
4,506}
13,524
1,216.705
243,845
1,460,550
2,425
2,290
774
935
597
5
1,500
Greenburgh.
12,702
2,182}
4,051,057
487,600
4,538,657
3,093
3,342
924
1,192
624
9
2,204
Harrison.
8,6164
1,676
723,550
141,560
865,110
611
660
218
240
152
6
511
Lewisboro ..
12,840₺
4,924
810,785
144,642
955,427
889
886
338
385
288
9
660
Mamaroneck
2,831}
1,051
583,595
46,100
629,695
525
543
172
226
81
2
364
Mount Pleasant ....
13,3964
3,130}
1,584,766
261,979
1,846,745
1.783
1,894
540
704
259
10
1,241
New Castle.
11,211
2,781
697,388
148,822
846,210
879
883
317
345
220
8
572
New Rochelle.
3,601
1,562
1,350,900
429,800
1,780,700
1,489
1,612
497
607
100
2
1,163
North Castle
11,4024
4,410}
675,133
119,225
794,358
1,213
1,202
395
467
277
7
830
North Salem
10,970
2.051
801,427
202,750
1,004,177
736
792
289
318
188
8
525
Ossining
5,891
1,304
1,404,033
416,400 213,750
746,750
391
442
119
122
78
2
246
Poundridge.
8,2144
3,894៛
345,734
78,774
424,508
709
730
281
313
250
6
469
Rye
6,090
1,251
1,468,967
528,348
1,997,315
1,651
1,817
531
666
411
5
1,903
Scarsdale ..
2,801}
1,1321
334,592
86,820
421,412
205
240
62
74
45
1
137
Somers
17,234}
3,110
1,046,691
319,842
1,366,533
859
885
304
316
157
8
678
Westchester.
5,479
2,579}
1,808.915
422,900
2,231.815
1,748
1,716
493
582
303
3
1,215
West Farms
3,235₺
992
1,865,274
364,500
2,229,774
6,173
6,263
2,035
2,419 262
90
2
448
Yonkers.
9,699
4,267
4,072,128
815.540
4,887,668
3,695
3,859
1,368
1,436
568
5
2,521
Yorktown.
18,389}
5,035
1,069.492
176,885
1,246,377
1,156
1.190
410
466
324
9
717
Total
209,1462
81,9474
32,925.284 7,418,117
40,343,401
|40,326 40,352
12,758 15,225
8,215
145 30,301
LIVE STOCK.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
BUSH. OF GRAIN.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Horses.
461
922
2,127
655
1.412
9.940
61.833}
8,344
31,432
3,333
76.854
200
40
Cortlandt
725
940
1,635
302
1,491
7,000
36,730
5,100}
18,944
934
85,830
East Chester
263
238
595
17
684
1.716
15,881
2,572
4,474
145
19,732
140
Greenburglı ...
465
832
858
1,949
1,449
5,750₺
34,3621
5,1:27
14.400
430
48,952
Harrison ..
221
669
766
175
842
4,2264
20.404
4,187
9,389
2,173
44,515
100
Lewisboro ..
319
781
1.386
440
913
3.670
36,990}
4,390}
12,205
1,876
62,767
925
25
Mamaroneck
104
154
233
30
257
624
5,576
1,121
2,989
636
16,957
Morrisaniaa
3.89
827
1,058
1,357
1,469
5.0731
49,098}
5.797₺
18.987
1,717
60,258
135
New Castle
272
658
1,074
476
763
4,530}
31,251}
4,902
9,117
472
34,260
100
New Rochelle ...
166
282
343
88
445
2,340
11,519
2,471
4,343
156
19,500
326
647
898
136
1,156
4,606₺
29,335}
4,600₺
17.783
1,609}
92,036
North Salem
230
634
1,265
417
606
2,442}
26,440}
4,590
7,220
1,447
77,376
120
Ossining
338
427
685
111
831
2,096
24,847
3,004
8.752
510
22,236
78
108
126
1:25
563
5.597
968
2,203
7,910
157
607
92
472
583
2,186
15.969|
2,3034
6,567
1,346
66,029
100
Rye ...
237
397
430
40
584
2,436
15.722|
4.093
7.523
1.731
24,213
48
Somers ..
394
1,147
1.705
1,69.5 |
1,639
5,883
57.970号
6,675
22,809
5,765
101,278
495
209
Westchester
375
446
675
48
567
1,236
22,835
3,174
10.005
108
20,955
West Farms
408
241
1,296
24
8:22
230
7.842
2.786
12.960
118
8.537
White Plains ..
167
208
229
246
483
2,367
17.533
2.502
7,948
2,243
21,510
40
Yonkers ..
583
503
661
705
1.258
6,243
30,1621
3.327
17,739
29,006
37,641
Yorktown ...
538
1,244
1,7:29
1,677
2,157
8,201}
63.985
7.237
36.378
3,889
149.901
30
Total.
7,332 13,074 20,078 11,321 '20,861
85,155}
630,438$ 90.4961 286.249 60,1374 1,116,589
2,180
487
$1,326,990
$275,180
$1,602,170
1,706
1,758
615
674 1,576
464
1,098
Cortlandt.
13,614}
Oren and
I Calves.
Cows.
Sheep.
Swine.
Winter.
Spring.
Tons of Hay.
Bushels of Potatoes."
Bushels of
Apples.
Pounds
Butter.
Pounds
of
Cheesc.
Domestic Cloths, in Yarda.
White Plains.
3,276
9,317
771,610
170,755
942,365
627
795
233
900
615
6
1,513
Pelham.
1,901
1,333
533,000
1,820,433
3,173
2,585
662
1,445
4
1,928
Morrisanias.
1,768,362
815,500
2,583,862
1
2,748
. Formed since the census of 1855. This town is estimated to embrace 7,000 acres, and to contain 4,000 mal s and 4,150 females.
116
162
213
261
325
1.774
8.552
1.225
2.082
493
17,339
North Castle
Pelham.
Poundridge.
Scarsdale
Mount Pleasant
Working
Bedford
Districts.
WYOMING COUNTY.
MING This county was formed from Genesee, May 14, 1841. Eagle, Pike, and a part of Portage were annexed from Allegany co. in 1846. It is an interior county, in the s. w. part of the State, sepa- rated from Lake Erie by Erie eo., and from the Penn. line by Cat- taraugus and Allegany. It is centrally distant 228 miles from Albany, and eontains 590 sq. mi. Its surface is a broad, rolling upland, divided into ridges and broken by ravines worn by the streams. It has a slight inelination toward the N. The summits of the highest ridges are 1,200 to 1,500 ft. above Lake Erieand 1,700 to 2,000 ft. above tide. Several of the ravines in the N. are 1,000 ft. below the summits of the adjacent ridges. In the interior the ridges are broken, and the country begins to assume the hilly character which is more fully developed further s. Genesce River, which forms a portion of the E. boundary, is bordered by steep bluffs 200 to 400 ft. high. Near Portageville the river descends from the plateau, in a series of three falls, to a depth of more than 300 ft. within a distance of 2} mi. The water has worn a decp and irregular ravine in the shelving rocks, and the nearly per- pendicular banks at the foot of the lower falls are 380 ft. high. The deep gorge, with the rapids and falls, form one of the wildest and most picturesque scenes in Western New York.1
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