USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 35
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Sept. 1818
3.784.74
3.768.00
New York Female
June, 1816:102,926.12
17,369.47
New York Calvinistic
Welshı
Sept. 1844
546.23
72.86
New York Marine ..
Feb. 1817
6,043,89
New York ...
Mar. 18291
42.091.43
264,911.73
Niagara Co ..
May, 1$301
2.457.41
5,401.51
North Brooklyn
May, 1816 1.726.16
1.726.20
North Seneca.
July, 1852
582.19
767.73
Nyack Ref. D. Ch. Female
May, 1842;
74 80
7.20
Oneida Co ...
Jan. 1817: 15.226.06
20,521.48
Onondaga Co
April, 1832,
7.594.00
12.805.50
3 This society has a large property vested in a publishing house and grounds, corner of Nassau and Spruce Streets, New York, and in the stock, machinery, and materials used in the manufacture of books and tracts. Its fiscal affairs are managed by a finance comunttce. It has 31 auxiliaries in the State of New York. The receipts up to May, 1858, were $5,856,711.05, -. about three-fifths of which were derived from sales, and the re- mainder from donations. Previous to May, 1558, this society had circulated 13.098.013 volumes, 188,971.408 publications, 4.753,741,573 pages; including 149,761 voh. nes (9,831 sets) of the Evangelical Family Library, 94,026 volumes (2,059 sets) of the Christian Library, 48,638 volumes (1,990 sets) of the Reli gious or Pastor's Library, 319.323 volumes (4.557 sets) of the Youth's Library. and 160.921 volumes (20.044 sets) of the Youth's Scripture Biography. The society publishes an Alınanac, the American Messenger, (in English and German,) and Child's l'aper, in large editions; and issues books and tracts in the Eng. lish, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Welch, Dutch, Danish. Swedish, and Hungarian languages. It operates through branch and auxiliary societies, general agents and su- perintendents, and paid and volunteer colporteurs. The Ameri- can Tract Society of Boston, which formerly co-operated with this, is now a distinct organization.
Societies of kindred character were formed in the State pre vions to this,-the more important of which was the New York Religions Tract Society, formed in 1812. with auxiliaries in vari- ous parts of the country.
4 This society has established 27 missions, 121 stations. and 101 out stations in Africa, Greece, Western and Southern Axia, China. Sandwich Islands. Micronesia, and among the North American Indian Tribws. It employs 373 missionaries and as- sistant4, and 524 native pastora and assistants, has 8 printing presses, and up to 1sås had isaned 1.080.481,083 pages of tracte and religimis books These missions numbered 318 churches, and 27,740 members and the educational department embraced
NAME.
Date.
Donations.
Remit- tances for Bibles.
South Steuben
June, 1848
1,267.85
1.264.36
Stenbeu Co.
Feb.
1817
2.085.38
5.201.34
St. Lawrence Co.
April, 1820
2,115.40
14,193.70
Sullivan Co.
Aug. 1826
2,388.90
3.136.15
Tioga Co .....
June, 1823
4,272.81
5.373.52
Tompkins Co
May, 1828
4.044.04
6.249.34
Ulster Co.
Nov. 1816,
11,145.91
2.191.24
Utica Welsh and Vic.
Jan. 1817
4.479.71
2.450.12
Warren Co.
Sept. 1821
194.44
2.300.38
Carlton ..
Jan. 1855
91.53
Clinton Co
April, 1821
718.56
4.291.26
Cold Spring.
Aug. 1835
101.01
324.39
Columbia Co.
Oct.
1817
10.835.30
6,131.77
April, 1848 Jan. 1817
909.14
4,244.35 81.70
Floyd and Western Welsh
50.30
Franklin Co.
Welsh B. S. of Nelson
Sept. 1856
12.00
53.35
The Baptist aud Protestant Episcopal denominations have separate societies for publishing the Scriptures, although many members belonging to both of these co-operate with the Ameri- can Bible Society.
2 The following table gives the names of these societies, the date of their organization, and the amount of their donations and remittances up to May, 1858 :-
Sept. 1850
1,080.81
$ 4.870.93
10
Oct.
146
NEW YORK STATE GAZETTEER.
The American Home Missionary Society was formed May 12, 1826, for the pur- pose of supporting the ministry in feeble and destitute Presb. and Cong. churches in the U. S.I
The American Sunday School Union was formed in 1824, for the purpose of en- couraging the establishment of Sunday schools and of supplying them with books. Its central office is at Philadelphia. . " The New York Sunday School Union, auxiliary to this, was established in 1816, and has numerous local subordinate societies in different parts of the State.2
The American Seamen's Friend Society was formed in 1828, and endeavors to carry out the intentions expressed in its title by distributing Bibles and tracts, supporting the ministry, and otherwise promoting the moral welfare of seamen.3
The American. Bethel Society was instituted in 1836, for the purpose of opening chapels for boatmen and mariners, distributing tracts, and extending other means for their moral improvement. It established a magazine named the "Bethel Flag ;" and has auxiliaries in many places on the lakes, rivers, and canals.
The American and Foreign Christian Union was formed in 1849, for the special object of counteracting the influence of the Romish and other churches opposed to the elass usually denominated "evangelical."4
The Central American Education Society was formed for the purpose of assisting young men preparing for the ministry. In 1858 the society aided 111 students.
The American Colonization Society was formed at Washington, Jan. 1817, for the colonization of free colored persons in Africa. The New York State Colonization Society was formed at Albany, April 9, 1829, and has had numerous auxiliaries in the State.5
The National Compensating Emancipation Society, formed in 1857, has for its object the purchasing of slaves for the purpose of giving them freedom.
The American Anti Slavery Society was organized Dec. 4, 1833.6
The American Missionary Association was formed Sept. 1846, as a Home and Foreign Missionary Society. Business office in N. Y. City. Receipts for first 12 years of its exist- ence, $421,001.98. Present and monthly income, $3,000 to $5,000. It has a slaves' Bible Fund, and labors for the extinction of slavery. The association publish The American Missionary (paper) and American Missionary Magazine, both monthly.
Young Men's Christian Associations have been formed in most of the cities and
6 seminaries, 17 other boarding schools, 619 free schools, (of which 312 were supported by the Hawaiian Government,) and 17.020 pupils. The receipts in the year ending July 31, 1858, were $334,018.48, the principal part of which was derived from donations .- Forty-Ninth Report A. B. C. F. M., 1858.
1 This society was formed by the union of two societies pre- viously formed by the Presbyterian and Reformed Protestant Dutch Churches. It is supported hy the Congregationalists and New School Presbyterians, and to some extent by the Reformed Protestant Dutch, Lutheran, and German Reformed Churchies. In 1858. 1,012 persons were connected with this society or its agencies and auxiliaries, of which 133 are within this State. The number of congregations and stations fully or statedly sup- plied is 2.034; Sabbath school scholars, 65,500; contributions to benevolent objects, $24.272.28. The receipts in 12 months were $175.971.37; the payments in the same time were $190.735.70. Total receipts in 32 years, $3.456,082; total years of labor, 18.871; total additions to churches, 150.275.
There is a central and a western agency in this State .- the office of the former of which is at Utien and of the latter at Geneva. The number of missionaries aided within the year was 133. Total contributions, $39.347.96.
2 This movement was supported by most of the evangelical denominations; but several of them have since established Sun- day school organizations among themselves. The American Sunday School Union had, in 1858, expended nhout $2,500,000 in books, and $1.000.000 more in organizing Sunday schools. Its receipts for the last year were $65.076.14; and it had formed 1,524 new schools. with 57,787 pupila and 9,694 teachers, The New York Sunday School Union had, in 1958, 210 schools, re- porting 62,000 pupils. 4.825 teachers, 82.294 books in libraries. and $13.0 9 raised by contributions, Sunday schools in some form are supported by nearly every religions denomination, and are chietly for Bildien! instruction. A State Sunday School Teachers' Convention, formed in 1855, meets anmially. Its third report, made ftet. 1858, gave a total in the State of 1,895 schools, 22.263 officers and teachers, and 212.312 pupils.
3 This society bus 15 stations in various parts of the world. and grants aid to various Bethel operations not connected with it. The receipts for the year ending in 1858 were $25,236.20; and the total expenses in the seamen's canse abont $100,000 ; 2.257 mariners had been received at the Sailors' Home in New York, and the whole number received into that institution from Its establishment was $2,353.
4 The association has 61 home laborers; and its receipts in the year ending in 1968 were $76,603.22. Its expenses in the same time were $79,604.33 It has agents, and supports chapels in several foreign countries.
6 The slave trade was abolished in 1807, and after Jan. 1, 1808, the cargoes of captured slaves were to be sold for the bene- fit of the State where they might land. By an act of March 3, 1819. the General Government appropriated $100,000 for the restoration of a large number of Africans to their native conn- try. By the co-operation of the Government with this Society a purchase was made in Dec. 1821. in the neighborhood of Cape Montserado. on the w. coast of Africa, from which has grown the present Republic of Liberia. under the special patronage of this society. Formal possession was taken April 28, 1822.
Several of the subordinate State societies have been merged in anti-slavery and other more radical societies for the termi- nation of slavery In the year ending in 1858 the receipts of the New York Colonization Society were $15.624.62.
6 The expenses of the society for the year ending in 1858 were $17.052, including those of the Anti S'avery Standard, its prin- cipal organ. Receipt4. $15,200 from the paper and donations, and $17,355 by auxiliaries.
A New York State Anti Slavery Society, with numerous aux- iliaries, was formed about 1834-36, and its friends soon organ- ized theniselves into a political party. The highest State vote of this party was in 1844, when it amounted, on the Governor's ticket, to 15 136. Slavery existed under the Dutch. and was continued through the English period of our colonial history. An act was passed March 31. 1817. declaring that every child born of a slave in this State after July 4, 1799. should be free at the age of 28 if a middle, or at 25 if a feminte. Every child born after the passage of the act was to became free at the age of 21. and measures were ordered for the education of children held in service. The importation of slaves was prohibited. The first emancipation under this law. therefore. took effect July 5. 1927, as the law fixed the period as after instead of upon the 4th of July, as was perhaps intended. The 5th of Inty has sometimes been celebrated as their anniversary of independence ; and hence arises the slang expression of " Family of July one day after." Those born before the above date remained - laves till their douth. und the census of 1855 reported one such as living in the State. The number of slaves in New York at different periods has been as follows ;-
1790 ... ... 21.324 | 1810 .15,017 | 1820 .. . 10,046 | 1840 .......... 4
1800 ..... 20,013 1814 .11,480 1830 75 | 1850 ..
RELIGIOUS, LITERARY, AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. 147
large villages in the United States and British Provinces. They form a general confederation, the State of New York forming the fourth district. These associations embrace within their objects a library, reading room, lectures and prayer meetings.1
The Young Men's Christian Union of New York is supported by the Unitarian and Universalist denominations principally.
Young Men's Associations for mutual improvement have been formed in various parts of the State and under various names. The plan of organization is essentially alike; and it usually includes a library, reading room, cabinet, lecture course, and debating club. Most of these associations have been organized by special acts, and their affairs are managed by executive committees chosen annually by the members. They can hold a limited amount of property for the special objects of their organization.2
In most of the large villages, associations have been formed for the support of lectures at stated intervals in the winter months. They are generally of a temporary character, are re-organized every season or are attached to academies or other existing institutions.
The New York State Temperance Society was formed April 2, 1829. Its objects were to suppress intemperance and limit the traffic in intoxicating liquors. It received the support of a large number of the best and most philanthropic citizens, and its influence spread rapidly throughout the State.3 Since the formation of the first society, efforts to suppress intemperance have been made upon an extended scale, and the strong arm of the law has been invoked to pro- hibit the traffic in alcoholic liquors.
Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons. "The Ancient and Honorable Fra- ternity of Free and Accepted Masons" of the State of New York is under the government of a Grand Lodge, composed of its Grand Officers and the representatives (the Master and Wardens) of every lodge in the jurisdiction. As at present constituted, the Grand Lodge dates from 1785, when Chancellor Robert R. Livingston was elected Grand Master, and continued in office till 1801.' In 1859 there are 430 chartered lodges in the State, (numbered to 474,) with about 33,000 mem- bers, numbering among them a very respectable class in all the walks of life. There is at least one lodge in every county in the State, (except Hamilton ;) 93 of the lodges are in the city of New York : and a lodge is located in every considerable town and village. The annual receipts of the
1 In July. 1858, associations of this kind were in active ope- ration in Albany, Allion. Black Rock, Brooklyn. Buffalo, Cats-
and the State Society are still in operation. Abont 1841-45 the " Washingtonian" temperance movement, originating among kill. Flushing. Hudson, Jamestown. New York, Oswego. Tough- . reformed inebriates, spread over the State, and several thousand keepsie. Kondont, Saratoga Springs. Stapleton. Troy, Utica, and i independent societies were formed under it .- most of which, how- Waterford. Those in italics belonged to the confederation.
2 The first organization of this kind in the State was the Al- hany Young Men's Association, formed Dec. 13. 1833, and in. Temperance" originated in New York, about 1842, and subse- corp. March 12. 1835. The following is a list of these associa. tions in the State formed under special acts :-
NAME AND LOCATION.
Date of incorporation.
Remarks.
Albany, Albany co .......
March 12, 1835 Fully organized. Li-
brary 7.000 vols.
Buffalo, Erie co. March 3, 1843 Library in 1855, 7.500
vols.
Geneva. Ontario co ....... April 17, 1839
Port Byron, Cayuga co April 10. 1844
Sarkets Harbor, Jeffer- suh co ...
March 2. 1543 Closed.
Saratoga Springs, Sara : toga co.
May 14, 1840 Franklin Institute. )
Library in 1859
Syracuse, Ouonda- Dec. 1849|
1 abont 3.000 vols.
Schenectady, Schenec- tady co.
March 9, 1939
Truv. Rensselaer co ....
April 10, 1$35. Fully organized.
Utica. Oneida co. March 25. 1337 Closed.
Watertown.Jeffersonca. April 17, 1441 . Burned out in 1849. 3 The fourth report of the State Society. in 1838, gave 1.435 societies and 231,074 members. la principal organ. the Temyper- ance Recorder. was begun March 6, 1832, at Albany. and issued many years. It also published alinanaes, tracts, and circulare to a large extent. The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance, farined in 1827. was in 1836 succeeded by the " American Temperance Union." The latter. in the year ending in 1838. received $1.947.20. 1ta principal organ is the Journal of the American Temperance Union. at New York. Both this
ever. died ont with the entlinsiasm under which they were created. The secret orders of "Rechabites" and " Sons of quently those of "Cadets of Temperance," "Daughters of Tem- perance." "Good Samaritans,"" "Daughters of Samaria," " Knights Templar," " Social Circles," and other associations of a similar class were formed for the avowed purpose of pro- moting temperance reform. Numerous lodges or encampments were formed, and these societies at one time embraced large numbers of members. Several of them have been given up en- tirely ; and it is believed none of them are increasing. They required a forin of initiation and pledge of secrecy, bad fixed dnes payable at regular intervals, provided money to assist the sick atil bury the dead, and gave certificates of membership, which. with passwords and other tokens of recognition, might enable a person to clain assistance among strangers belonging to the order.
(German) May 12, 1840 Library in 1855. 1.800 Vols. Elmira, Chening co .... 'April 11. 1842
Fulton, Oswego co ........
May 13. 1:46
.
The License question was submitted to the popular voto May 5. 1$48. with the result of 111.884 for. and 177,683 against, license. The operation of the law was deemed by many to be unequal ; and its effect upon the temperance cause was unquestionably adverse. In 1847 tu majorities for license were largo in most of the towns. The " Maine Law," or prohibition movement, began in 1851. and was urged by its friends with great force during several sessions of the Legislature. A prohibitory law was passed, but was declared unconstitutional by tho Court of Appeals. The present law regulating the sale of intoxicating lignors, passed April 16, 1857, provides a Board of Excise Com- tuissioners in each county for granting licenses and prosecuting violations of the law.
4 At the close of his term there were 94 lodges in the State, of which the oldest was St. John's, No. 1, (vet in activo exist- once. L established in the city of New York in 1757. Gen. Jacob Morton was Grand Master from 1801 to 1806, Do Witt Clinton from 1806 to 1820, and Daniel D. Tompkins from 1820 to 1822, when the Grand Lodge became divided. In 1826, at the com- menerment of the Anti-Masonic excitement. (A) Genesee co.,) there were about 360 lodges in the State. (numbered to 507,) with almint 22,000 members. In 1836 the number of lodgos had luwn reduced below 75. with a corresponding membership .- say 4 000.
148
NEW YORK STATE GAZETTEER.
Grand Lodge are about $16,000; and during the year ending in June, 1859, the amount expended for charitable relief by the Grand Lodge and its immediate agents was about $3,000; and probably three times more than that sum was expended for the same purposes by lodges and individual Masons. There is in the Hall and Asylum Fund, raised for charitable and educational purposes, about $25,000, controlled by trustees chosen by the Grand Lodge, (it not being incorporated;) and this sum is constantly being increased from various sources,-a portion of it arising from the stated revenues of the Grand Lodge. The fraternity are now all united in one body, under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge and its subordinates, and are in a sound and flourishing condition. The office of the Grand Secretary and place of business of the fraternity is in Odd Fellows Hall, corner of Grand and Center Sts., New York. The Grand Lodge is in correspondenee and direet communication with all the Grand Lodges and Masonie fraternity throughout the world.1
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. This order was introduced into the United States from Manchester, England ; and the first regular lodge was opened at Baltimore, in 1819. The Grand Lodge of the U. S. includes 42 subordinate Grand Lodges in the States and Territories, Canada, and the Sandwich Islands. There are 2 Grand Lodges and 623 subordinate lodges in this State.2
Sons of Malta. This order embraced in this State, on the 1st of July, 1859, the Grand Lodge of the State and 8 subordinate lodges, with an aggregate membership of 12,680.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
THE formation of County Medical Societies was authorized by an act passed April 4, 1806. They were empowered to grant licenses to practice medicine in the State and to collect of the members a sum not exceeding $3 annually. Delegates sent from each co. society, in number equal to the representation of the co. in Assembly, were to constitute a State Medical Society, which had the power of granting diplomas to practice medicine and to decide upon cases appealed from the co. societies. Although local societies were formed under this act in most of the counties then existing, several of them have eeased to exist ; and there are at present but about 40 county societies that are represented by delegates. The State Society was formed Feb. 5, 1807, and is
1 The stated festivals of the frateruity are on the 24thi of June | and 27th of December, usually styled St. John's days. The offi- cers of the Grand Lodge and of the subordinates are elected annnally ; and the time and place for the " Annual Communica- tion" of the Grand Lodge is on the first Tuesday of June, in the city of New York.
The elective Grand Officers of the Fraternity are Grand Master, Deputy Grand Master, Senior Grand Warden, Junior Grand Warden, Grand Treasurer, Grand Secretary, and 5 Grand Chap- lains.
2 Statistics of the Odd Fellows for the year ending Jan. 30, 1858.
LODGE3.
ENCAMPMENTS.
Total number U. S. Grand
Grand Lodge
New York.
Southern
New York.
New York.
Subordinate
Encampments,
United States.
Subordinates,
Northern
New York.
Subordinates, Southern
New York.
Total,
New York.
Lodges, or Subordinate encampments
3,390
493
130
623
651
71
13
84
Number of initiations ...
16,549
690
448
1,138
2,755
56
60
116
" rejections.
1.713
51
27
78
79
2
2
66
(lied
1.739
82
118
200
220
8
4
12
.: members .. ...
176,700
11,783
8,475
20,258
22,319
979
487
1,466
lieved.
23,151
715
1,345
2.060
902
22
32
54
Amount paid for relief ot members.
$204,992.91
$11,263.80
$29,663.62
$40,927.42
$28,171.10
$211.00
$363.00
$574.00
Amount paid for relief of widowed families
66,614.55
3,185.18
6,545.17
9,730.35
3,111.60
3.00
3.00
Amount paid for duca- tion of orphans ...
11.284.06
207.29
388.69
595.98
10.00
10.00
10.00
Amount paid for burying the dead.
67,304.70
2,250.00
5,091.17
7,341.17
5,377.24
40.84
90.00
90.94
Amonnt of annual re- ceipts ..
1.2223.655 0;
44.756.78.
69,981.18
114,737.900
110,156.54
2,019.92
2,426.75
4,446.67
re-
2,705
113
393
506
93
1
1
No. of willowa and fami- lieg relieved
Lexłye.
Northern
Grand Lodge.
Total,
MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
149
now composed of delegates from co. societies, 1 delegate from each medical college, 5 from the New York Academy of Medicine, honorary members by virtue of office or by election, and per- manent members elected after 4 years' service as delegates. The annual meetings of the society are held on the first Tuesday of February. The State Society has maintained a regular organization from the beginning; and since 1848 its proceedings have been reported annually to the Legisla- ture and published with their documents.1
Homeopathie Medical Societies may be organized in the several counties under an act of April 13, 1857 ; and such have been formed in Kings, Livingston, New York, Oneida, and perhaps other counties.2
County Medical Societies.
COUNTY.
Date of Organization.
First President.
First Secretary.
First No. of Members.
Present No. of Members.
Albany
July 29,1806
Wm. McClelland.
Charles D. Townsend.
0
45
Allegany
Broome
Nov.
6,1823
Chester Lusk.
Ammi Doubleday.
20
Cattaraugus
Cayuga.
Chautauqua
Chemung
1836
Lemuel Iludson
Asa R. Howell.
17
15
Chenango
Aug.
5, 1806
Tracy Robinson ..
Geo. Mowrey
6
40
Clinton .
June,
1806
Wm. Wilson
Wm. Bay
11
27
Cortland
Aug.
10, 1808
Lewis S. Owen
Geo. W. Bradford
8
Joshua H. Brett ..
Adam J. Doll.
20
40
Dutchess
1806
Samuel Bard ..
- Van Kleek
10
35
Erie.
Essex
Franklin
Oct.
1809
Records lost.
Fulton and Hamilton.
Genesee
Greene
Herkimer
Aug.
5,1806
Westel Willoughby, jr ..
Andrew Farrell.
9
Jefferson.
Dec.
17, 1806
Jobn Durkee
llngh Henderson
13
65
Lewis
May 29, 1821
Cyrus Wells.
9
32
Madison
July
27,1806
Elijah Pratt
20
46
Monroe
May
9. 1821
Alexander Kelsey
Frederick F. Backus
20
94
Montgomery
July
3, 1806
Alexander Sheldon
Stephen Reynolds
8
20
New York
July
1, 1806
Nicholas Romayne.
Edward Miller
106
450
Oneida ...
1806
Amos G. Hull.
David Hasbrouck
29
90
Onondaga
July
1,1806
Jolin 11. Frisbie
Walter Colton
11
62
Ontario
Orange
July
1,1806
Jonathan Sweezey
Nathaniel Elmer
22
50
Orleans
July
17,1821
Benjamin Coe
Luther Cowen
7
30
Otsego
July
1, 1806
Joseph White
Caleb Richardsou. 14
37
Putnam
Queens
Rensselaer.
July 18, 1806
Benjamin Woodward ...
Ira M. Wells ..
20
Richmond
May 18, 1850
John Demarest.
Charles Whipple.
11
11
St. Lawrence
Oct.
14, 1807
Joseph W. Smith.
W. Noble
5
Saratoga
Schenectady
Oct.
1857
S. B. Wells ..
C. C. Van Dyck.
10
14
Schuyler.
Dec.
29, 1857
Nelson Winton
Thomas Shannon
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