USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 66
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BEEKMAN-was formed as a town, March 7, 1788.7 A part of " Freedom" (now La Grange) was taken off in 1821, and a part of Union Vale in 1827. It lies in the s. E. part of the co.,-one corner extending to the s. border. Its surface is a hilly and broken upland. Pleasant Hill, on the v. border, is the highest summit. Limestone and slate crop out on the summits and declivities of nearly all the hills. The streams are small creeks and brooks tributaries of the Fishkill, and are bordered by wide, fertile intervales. Silver Lake is a fine body of water near the w. line.8 Iron ore is found s. of this lake.9 The soil is a productive, gravelly loam. Green Haven, (p. v.,) near the w. border, contains 1 church and 18 dwellings; Beekmanville, (Beckman p. o.,) near the center, 1 church and 12 dwellings; Poughquag (p. v.) 2 churches and 15 dwell- ings; and Beekman Furnace, on the N. line, an iron manufactory and 10 houses.10 The first settlements are supposed to have been made about 1710; but the carly records are lost. A. Delong located in 1716, and kept an inn at an carly day. Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, Bishop of Penn., and his brother, Rt. Rev. Horatio Potter, Provisional Bishop of the Diocese of N. Y., were natives of this town. There are 4 churches in town.11
CLINTON"2-was formed from " Charlotte" and Rhinebeck Precinets, March 13, 1786. Hyde Park and Pleasant Valley were taken off in 1821. It is an interior town, lying N. w. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling upland considerably broken by hills in the N. and w. Shultz Mts., on the N. border, and Sippe Barrack, in the w., are the highest points.13 Salt Point Creek, the principal stream, flows s. through near the center. Crum Elbow Creek forms a portion of the w. boundary. Several small lakes, the principal of which is Long Pond, lie in the N. part. The soil in the . is a sandy loam, and in the center and s. it is a productive, slaty loam. Clinton Hollow, (p. v.,) near the center, contains 25 houses, Clinton Corners (p. v.) 25 houses, Schultzville (p. o.) a gristmill and 10 houses, and Pleasant Plains (p. o.) a church and 8 houses. Bulls Head, Clinton Point, and Hibernia are p. offices. Derrick Van Vliet located in town about 1755. There are 3 churches in town ; Friends, Presb., and Prot. E.
DOVER-was formed from Pawling, Feb. 20, 1807. It lies on the E. border of the co., s. of the center. The E. and w. borders are occupied by hills and mts., and the center by a deep, wide valley. The valley is about 400 feet above tide, and the summits of the hills are 300 to 500 feet higher. Ten Mile River flows s. from the x. line to near the s. boundary, thence turns E. and dis- charges its waters into the Housatonic. It receives from the s. Swamp River, a stream that is
1 This limestone is of a bluish color. hard and brittle; and i and Elisha Kinney settled previous to 1743. After this time the where it crops out it is considerably disintegrated, covering the ground in the immediate vicinity with a white sand.
2 An ore bed & mi. w. of Ameniaville has been extensively worked for 25 or 30 years. and the supply of ore seems inex- haustible. Another ore bed has been opened 2 mi. N. w. of Was- saic. and another near the N. line of the town.
3 This institution has been under the charge of the M. E. dc- iomination.
4 1 church, the woolen factory, and about half of the buildings are in Conn.
5 Mr. Fackett was connected with the Livingstons in the settlement of the Palatinates at "German Camp," (now German- town. Columbia co.) Flric Winegar and his son. Capt. Garrett. were the next families. They removed from " German Camp" in 1724 and settled on the Oblong tract. The father died in 1754. agal 102 years. - Delamater settled soon after the Winegars, N. w. of Amenia Union. Henry Nase. Stephen Hop- kins, Joel Gillett, Hez. King, Abin, and Joshua Paine. J. Howe.
town rapidly filled up with settlers, mostly from New England. The first mill is supposed to have been built by Jolin Delamater, at Leedsville, and the first iun to have been kept by Michael Hopkins, near the center of the town. :
6 3 Presh. 2 M. E .. und 1 each Bap. and Prot. E.
7 The town embraced the land granted to Col. Henry Beekman. Beckman Precinct was formed Dec. 16, 1737, and Pawling's Precinct was set off in 1768.
8 The Indian name for this lake is A-po-qua-gue, signifying round lake.
9 Ore from this bed is extensively mined and taken to Pongh- keepsie and Fishkill Furnace.
10 The furuare at this place is supplied with ore from Union. sale: 200 tone of iron are annually produced. 11 Bap .. M. E., Prot. E .. and I'nion.
12 Named from Geo. Clinton, first Governor.
13 A slate quarry was formerly worked at the N. extremity of the Shultz Mts. ; but it is now abandoned.
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bordered by swamps upon the greater part of its course. The limestone ridge extends s. and s. through the center of the principal valley. Along its course several marble quarries have been opened.1 Iron ore is found in abundance .? The soil is a fine quality of sandy, gravelly, and slaty loam. The small streams flowing from the w. hills have worn deep ravines, and in several places form beautiful cascades. The most noted of these is known as "Dover Stone Church."3 Dover Plains, (Dover p. o., ) a R. R. station, in the N. part of the town, contains 3 churches, a gristmill, and plaster mill. Pop. 375. South Dover, (p. v., ) on Ten Mile River, contains 2 churches, a grist and saw mill, and 30 houses. Chestnut Ridge (p.o.) and Wing Station (p.o.) are liam- lets. The first settlements are said to have been made by the Dutch from the river towns, Among the carly settlers are found the names of Knickerbacker, Osterhout, Dutcher, and Van Duzen. The first settlers upon the Oblong traet were from Conn. The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) is said to have been formed about 1770.4
EAST FISHIKILL-was formed from Fishkill, Nov. 29, 1849. It is the center town upon the s. border of the co. Its surface is mountainous in the s. and E. and hilly in the N. and w. The highest points of the Fishkill Mts., in the s., are 1000 to 1200 ft. above tide.5 The principal streams are the Fishkill and its tributaries, Wortel Kil and Sprout Creek. Black Pond is a small sheet of water near the s. line. The intervales along the streams are generally wide, and bordered by steep hillsides in the s. and more gradual slopes in the x. The soil is a gravelly loam. Fatting cattle for the New York market is one of the leading pursuits. East Fishkill, (p. v.,) near the center, contains a grist and saw mill and 15 houses; Johnsville, (p. v.,) near the w. border, 1 church and 14 houses ; Stormville, (p. v., ) in the E. part, 20 houses; Fishkill Plains, (p. v.,) in the N. w., 1 church and 15 houses ; and Shenandoah Corners, in the s., a church and 15 houses. Pecksville, Hopewell, (Adriance p. o.,) and Fishkill Furnace6 arc hamlets. The first settlers were Genet, Geo. and Isaac Storm, about the year 1730; Cornelius Wiltsie and Isaac Adrience came in about 1740. There are 4 churches in town."
FISHKILL -- was formed as a town, March 7, 1788. A part of " Freedom" (now La Grange) was taken off in 1821, and East Fishkill in 1849. A part of Philipstown (Putnam co.) was annexed March 14, 1806. It lics upon the Hudson, in the s. w. corner of the co. Its surface is mountainous in the s. and hilly in the N. The Fishkill Mts., extending along the s. border, are high, rocky, and precipitous. Old Beacon and Grand Sachem, in the s. E. corner, the highest sum- mits, are respectively 1471 and 1685 ft. above tide. A break in these mountains, in the E. part, opening toward the s., is known as the Wiccopee Pass.8 . The Fishkill flows s. w. through near the center of the town, skirting the foot of the mountains and separating them from the hilly region in the N. w. Wappingers Creek forms the w. boundary. A high rolling ridge lies between these two streams, and the highest point is Mt. Hope, 1000 ft. above tide, near the E. border.9 Sprout Creek, a tributary of the Fishkill, forms a portion of the E. boundary. A series of bluffs, 150 to 200 ft. high, extends along the river, broken by the valleys of the streams. The soil is a elay and gravelly loam. Fishkill Landing, (p.v.,) on the lludson, opposite Newburgh, contains a newspaper office, 2 machine shops, and 4 churches. Pop. 1100. It is a R. R. station and steamboat lauding, and is connected with Newburgh by a steam ferry. Matteawan, (p. v., ) on Fishkill Creek, 2 mi. above the landing, is an important manufacturing village. It was formerly tho seat of extensive cotton mills; but these have mostly been converted to other purposes.10 It contains 4
1 The principal quarries are between Dover Plains and South Dover.
2 White's ore bed, 3 mi. N. w. of South Dover. has been exten. sively worked, and the ore produced is of good quality. The Dover Iron Works formerly did an extensive business: they closed about 2 years since. White's Furnace, halfway between South Dover and Dover Plains, is inaking 5 to 6 tons of iron per day.
5 The highest point on the s. border is locally known as "Wir- coppe." or " Lung Hill," and the highest on the E. border as "Looking Rock."
6 A furnace at this place manufactures pig iron from the ore. It employs 40 hands. and makes about 400 tons of iron per annum. The ore is obtained from the mine near Silver Lake. in Beekman. A mine on the E. line, after being worked 20 years, was exhausted.
7 2 Bap .. M. E., and Ref. Prot. D. The last named has an endowment of $5000.
8 This ravine is about a & mi. w. of Dover Plains. It is 20 to 25 fort wide at the bottom and 1 to 3 feet at the top, and the rocks that bonler it are 40 to 50 feet high. It extends into the 8 This pass was carefully guarded during the Revolution. to prevent the British from turning the American works at West Puint. A considerable American force was stationed at its upper extremity during the campaign of 1777. hill 30 to 40 feet, and at its farther extremity the stream flows from flur mountain above in a succession of rapids. The name way given in consequence of its resemblance to the Gothic arch. In another ravine, about & mi. s. of Stone Church, are the 9 Mt. Hope is 3 mi. s. of Myers Corners. A beautiful and ex- tended view is obtained from its summit. A beacon has been " Well -. " A small stream here flows down from the mountain in a succession of rapids 3 to 12 feet in height: and at the foot erected here by the Coast Survey. to serve as a point in the tri- of each fall smooth, rounded holes, called the Wells. have been rangulation of the Hudson River Valley.
worn in the rocks to the depth of 3 to 8 feet. The holes occupy each side are shelving and slippery, rendering a near approach difficult and dangerous. These two localities are frequently visited by the lovers of nature during the stimmer season. 10 Among the most important of these are the following :- the whole width of the bottom of the ravine, and the rocks of | " The Seamless Clothing Maumf'g Co.," incorp, with a capital of $50.000. It gives employment to 95 bands, and turns out $350.000 worth of goods anumnally. The Matterawan Machine Works, incorp. with a capital of $100 000, gives employment to 200 bands, and " This is now a Union church. A Friends meeting house was built hore about the same time. turies out annually conds to the amount of $500,000. J. Rothey's file fietary employs 70 hands, and manufactures gouds to the
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churches. Pop. 1476. Wappingers Falls, (p. v., ) at the head of navigation on Wappingers Creek, 1} mi. from the Hudson, lies partly in Poughkeepsie. It is largely engaged in manufacturing.1 Wap- pingers Creek here falls 75 feet, furnishing an excellent water power. The village contains 4 churches. Pop. 1819, of which 1139 are in this town. Hughsonville, (p.v.,) 13 mi. s. of Wappingers Falls, contains a church and a steam saw and grist mill. Pop. 245. New Hackensack, (p. v.,) in the N. part, contains 1 church and 15 dwellings; Fishkill, (p. v.,) near the center, contains the Fishkill Seminary, the Fishkill Collegiate Institute, 2 private schools, a newspaper office, a bank, savings' bank, 3 churches, and 130 dwellings. Glenham, (p. v., ) 23 mi. below Fishkill, contains a woolen factory,2 3 churches, and 75 dwellings. Carthage Landing, (p. v.,) on the IIudson, 5 mi. above Fishkill Landing, contains 1 church and 30 dwellings. Myers Cor- ners, Swartoutville, and Brinkerhoffville are hamlets. The first settlemcut is sup- posed to have been made before 1690. The earliest records, dated in 1697,3 are papers relating to lands. The town lies within the tract granted to Francis Rumbout and others, Oct. 17, 1685.4 In colonial times it formed a part of the Rumbout and Fishkill precincts. The first constitutional con- vention held a session in this town in the fall of 1776. There are 22 churches in town.5
HYDE PARK& __ was formed from Clinton, Jan. 26, 1821. It lies upon the IIudson, a little N. of the w. border of the co. Its surface is principally a rolling and moderately hilly upland, terminating on the IIudson in a bluff 180 ft. high. IIog and Lloyds Hills, in the N. part, each about 500 ft. above the river, are the highest points in town. The principal streams are Crum Elbow Creek, and Fall Kil, tributaries of the Hudson. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam underlaid by slate. Hyde Park, (p. v.,) finely situated upon an eminence half a mi. E. of the river, contains 4 churches, a gristmill, and 692 inhabitants. Staatsburgh (p. o.) is a R. R. station and hamlet in the N. part of the town; Union Corners and Hyde Park Landing are hamlets. Numerous elegant residences, occupying splendid sites, have been erected along the banks of the river. The first settler is supposed to have been Jacobus Stoughtenburgh, the owner of one of the nine "water lots;" he came to the town about 1720. Gov. Morgan Lewis formerly re- sided upon the place now occupied by IIon. J. K. Paulding. The census reports 7 churches in town.1
LA GRANGE8 -- was formed from Beekman and Fishkill, as "Freedom," Feb. 9, 1821. Its name was changed in 1828. A part of Union Vale was taken off in 1827. It is an interior town, lying s. w. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and moderately hilly upland. Sprout Creek, the principal stream, flows s. through near the center. Wappingers Creek forms the w. boundary. The valleys of these creeks are broad and very fertile. The soil is a gravelly loam. La Grangeville, (p. v., ) in the s. E. part, contains 2 gristmills and 14 houses; and Freedom Plains, (p. v., ) near the center, a church and 14 houses. Sprout Creek (p. o.) is a hamlet in the s. part. Manchester Bridge, (p.o.,) on the w. line, is mostly in Poughkeepsie. Arthursburgh (p.o.) is a hamlet in the s. corner. The first religious society (Friends) way formed before 1800. There are 2 churches in town; Friends and Presb.
MILAN9-was formed from Northeast, March 16, 1818. It lies on the N. border of the co., w. of the center. Its surface is a hilly upland broken by the deep valleys of the streams. The declivities are generally gradual slopes, and the hills are arable to their summits. Roeliff Jansens Kil crosses the N. E. corner. The other streams are small and are bordered by fertile intervales. The soil is a clayey, gravelly, and slaty loam. Jacksons Corners, (p. v.,) on Roeliff Jausens
amount of $45,000 annually. Wiccopre, { mi. below Matteawan, was the seat of the Wiccopee Color Mills, since changed to the New York Rubber Co., engaged in the manufacture of rubber toys. This co. has a capital of $125,000, employs 125 men, and turns ont $100,000 to $150,000 worth of goods per year.
1 The Dutchess Printing Co., incorp. with a capital of $300,000, employs 300 hands. and produces $750,000 worth of prints per anmin. The Franklin Dale Manuf'g Co., incorp. with a capital of $150.000, employs 250 hands, and turns out $150,000 worth of printing cloths per annum. There are, besides, a foundry, comb factory, and numerous machine shops. A large cotton factory was burnt bere a few years since, and has not been re- built.
" The Glenham Woolen Co., incorp. with a capital of $75,000, cutplays 175 hands. and turns out $275,000 worth of goods au- nuaHy. It was first started in 1811.
3 The first mill was erected at the mouth of Fishkill, some time before 1709. A ferry to Newburgh was authorized in 1743. 4 The honse now occupied by Hon. Isaac TeHer and his sisters at Matteawan-one of the first built in town-belonged to Roger Brett, a son-in-law of Rumbout. It was built about 1710. The house is one story. 87 by 36 ft .. the sides and roof covered with cedar shingles. It was often filled with officers and soldiers |
in the Revolution, and salt was stored in its cellar for the army.
5 The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) was formed at Fishkill Vil- lage early in the last century ; but the precise date cannot bo ascertained. The earliest church records bear date of Sept. 30, 1727. Rev. Dr. De Witt supposed that the church was formed as early as 1716. The present edifice was built in 1786. in the place of one built in 1731. The old church was used for barracks by the American army during the Revolution. A parsonage lot. hekt in common by this church and the one at " Hopewell" and Ilackeusack, was sold Feb. 17. 1806. The present churches are as follows :- Presb., M. E., Ref. Prot. D., and Af. Meth. at Fish- kill Landing; Presb., Prot. I., Prot. Metl., and R. C. at Mattea- wan; M. E., Ref. Prot. D., and Prot. E. at Glenham ; M. E., Ref. Prot. D., and Prot. E. at Fishkill; M. E., Prot. E., and Bap. at Wappingers Falls; Presb. at Brinkerhoffville; M. E. at Carthage Landing; Presb. at Hughsonville; and Ref. Prot. D. at New Hackensack.
6 Named by Dr. John Bard from Hyde Park, London.
7 Prot. E., M. E., Bap., l'resb., Ref. Prot. D., R. C., and Friends. 8 Named from La Fayette's residence in France.
9 This town is included in the tract known as tho "Little Nino Partners."
VIEW FROM WEST POINT
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DUTCHESS COUNTY.
Kil, in the N. E. eorner, contains 1 church and 25 houses; Rock City1 (p. v.) a grist and saw mill and 20 houses; Milanville (Milan p. o.) 12 houses; and La Fayetteville (p. v.) 16 houses. Shookville and Thornville are hamlets. The first settlements were principally made by tenants under the original proprietors, about 1760,2 and a large share of the land is still held by leasebold tenure. The first church (M. E.) was formed about 1790. The census reports 4 churches.ª
NORTHEAST4-was formed as a town, March 7, 1788. Milan was taken off in 1818, and Pine Plains in 1823. It is the N. E. corner town of the co. A tongue of land 1} mi. wide, upon the E. border, extends 4 mi. N. of the remaining part of the town. The surface is a hilly and broken upland. The Taghkanick Mts., extending along the E. border, are rocky and broken, and are 1000 to 1200 ft. above tide. The highest point in the valley w. of the mountains, forming the sum- mit level of the N. Y. & H. R. R., is 771 feet above tide. Ten Mile River, the principal stream, flows s. through nearly the whole length of the town. Chekomiko Creek flows N. through the w. part. Indian Pond, on the E. line, Round Pond, on the s. line, and Ruds Pond are the principal bodies of water. The valleys have generally a gravelly and clayey soil, but the hills in many places are roeky and fit only for pasturage. An extensive bed of iron ore has been opened 1 mi. N. E. of Millerton, near the Conn. line.5 Northeast Center (p. v.) contains 2 churches and 20 houses ; Millerton, (Northeast Station p.o.,6) a R. R. station, 1 church and 27 houses ; and Spencers Corners (Northeast p. o.) a church and 12 houses. Coleman Station is in the s. part. Federal Store and Oblong are p. offices. The pioneer settlers were mostly from Conn., and located here from 1725 to 1730." The first religious serviees were held by Moravian missionaries, at an Indian mission house at the N. end of Indian Lake.8 There are 4 churches in town.º
PAWLING10-was formed as a town, March 7, 1788. Dover was taken off in 1807. It is the S. E. corner town in the co. A high range of hills extends along the E. border, and another occupies the w. part. A fine, broad valley occupies the central portions and separates the two highland regions.11 Swamp and Croton Rivers take their rise in the valley, the former flowing N. and the latter s. Whaleys and Little Ponds-the sources of the Fishkill-lie near the w. border, and Ob- long Pond lies in the N. E. part. The ridge of limestone from which marble is quarried extends into the N. part from Dover. The soil is a slaty and gravelly loam. Large quantities of milk are daily sent to the New York market. Pawling, (p. v.,) a station on the II. & N. Y. R. R., con- tains a bank, 2 churches, and 25 houses. Campbellville, (p. v.,) in the N. part, contains 14 houses. Quaker Hill (p.o.) and Farmers Hill (p.o.) are hamlets. Settlements are sup- posed to have commeneed at Quaker Ilill between 1720 and 1730, by Friends from N. J., who organized the first religious society soon after their arrival.12 There are 3 churches in town; M. E., Bap., and Friends.
PINE PLAINSB -- was formed from Northeast, March 26, 1823. It lies on the N. border of the co., E. of the center. The surface is a hilly upland, the ridges being separated by broad valleys. The highest summit is Stissing Mt., in the w. part, 400 to 500 feet above the valleys. Its deelivities are steep, and it is crowned with a mass of naked rock. Roeliff Jansens Kil crosses the N. w. corner, and the Shekomeko or Cheecomico flows N. through near the center. Thompsons, Stissing, and Mud Ponds lie at the E. foot of Stissing Mt., and Buttermilk Pond and several smaller ones are in the s. part. The soil is generally a productive, gravelly loam. Marl is found in several
1 Named from the rock which crops ont in the adjacent hills and along the streams.
2 In 1760, Johannes Rowe bought of Robert Livingston 911 acres a little N. of La Fayetteville, and located upon it. Among the other early settlers we find the names of Clark, Stewart, Simons, and Herrick, a part of whom were from Coun. 8 2 M. E .. and 1 each Christian and Union.
4 Named from its geographical position in the co. Northeast Precinct was formed from the North Precinct, Dec. 16. 1746. and embraced the Little or Upper Nine Partners Tract. The North Precinct was extended across the Oblong Tract to the Conn. line, Dec. 17. 1743.
5 The Dakin ore bed was opened in 1846 by the proprietor, who erected a furnace in the vicinity and run it until 1856. The mine is at the foot of the Taghkanick Mt., where it makes a bend into Conn., and abont 1} mi. above. the Salisbury (Conn.) mines. From 8000 to 10.000 tons of ore are taken out annually, and are mostly sent by R. R. to Hudson. Benedict's Furnace. 1 mi. N. w. of Millerton, inakes 5 tons of pig iron daily. principally froni Salisbury ore. A cupola furnace has also been erected here, and the manufacture of car wheels commenced. A Alate company was incorp. in this town in 1912.
" Large quantities of milk are daily sent to the N. Y. market. 7 Baltus Lott and Adam Showerman first settled in the s. part of the town. Barzillai Rudd, Elder Dakiu, and - Spencer were also early settlers.
8 The remains of this old mission house are still visible on the farm of Douglas Clark.
9 2 M. E., Bap., and Cong.
10 Pawling Precinct was formed from Beekman Precinct, Dec. 31, 1768.
il Mt. Tom, a prominent peak {ini. w. of Pawling Station, is about 300 feet above the valley.
12 The Friends meeting house on Quaker Hill was used as a hospital during the Revolution, and a considerable number of soldiers were buried in the vicinity. A body of troops were stationed here for some time; and Gen. Washington speut a short time here in 1778.
13 This town formed a portion of the "Little Nine Partners" tract. Many of the faring are still owned by the heirs of the original proprietors, and are leased to the occupants. All efforts to convert the leasehold teunre into a freebold have proved unsuccessful.
18
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DUTCHESS COUNTY.
localities.1 Pine Plains, (p. v.,) near the center of the town, contains a bank and 3 churches. Pop. 382. Hammertown contains an extensive scythe factory and a dozen houses.2 R'ul- vers Corner (p.o.) and Mount Ross are hamlets. The first settlements were probably made about 1740.3 A Moravian mission was established among the Indiaus at Shekomeko, 2 mi. s. of Pine Plains, in Sept. 1740. There are 5 churches in town.5
PLEASANT VALLEY-was formed from Clintou, Jan. 26, 1821. It is an interior town, lying w. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and hilly upland. Barnes and Dennis Ilills, in the N. w., are the highest points. Wappingers Creek flows s. w. through near the center; Sprout Creek takes its rise in a poud in the s. w. part. Slate crops out along the hills, and a vein of marble has lately been discovered. The soil is a claycy and gravelly loam. Pleasant Val- ley, (p. v.,) in the s. w. part, was incorp. April 15, 1814; it contains a cotton factory6 and 4 churches. Pop. 500.7 Salt Point, (p.v.,) on Wappingers Creek, contains a grist and plaster mill and 17 houses. Washington Hollow, (p. v.,) on the line of Washington, contains a church, cotton factory,8 and 16 houses. Crum Elbow is a p. o. The first church (Presb.) was formed in 1765 ; Rev. Wheeler Case, the first pastor, was installed Nov. 12 of the same year. There are 5 churches in town.9
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