USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 53
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6 The census reports + churches; Bap., F. W. Bap., Presb., and M. E.
220
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
Catlin Center and Post Creek are p. offices. The first settlers were John Martin, from Tompkins co., and Aaron Davenport, from N. J., who located in the s. w. corner of the town.1
CHEMUNG-was formed Feb. 28, 1789. Elmira was taken off in 1792, Erin in 1822, and Baldwin in 1856. It is the s. E. corner town of the co. Its surface is a hilly upland broken by deep and narrow valleys. Chemung River flows s. E. through the s. part. Wynkoops Creek flows s. through near the ceuter, in a deep valley bordered by steep hillsides. The soil ou the uplands is a gravelly loam, and in the valleys gravel mixed with alluvium. Broomcorn and tobacco are largely cultivated. Breckville, (Chemung p. o.,) on Chemung River, contains a church and 57 dwellings. It is a station on the N. Y. & Erie R. R. Chemung Center and Baldwin are p. offices. The first settlement was made at Breckville, in 1788, by Elijah Breck, Capt. Daniel McDowell, and William Wynkoop,-the first two from Penn.2 The first church (Bap.) was formed in 1790, by Rev. Roswell Goff.3
ELMIRA-was formed from Chemung, as " Newtown," April 10, 1792, and its name was changed April 6, 1808. Catharine, Schuyler co., was taken off in 1798, Big Flats and Southport in 1822, and Horseheads in 1854. It is situated s. of the center of the co. Ranges of hills occupy the E. and w. borders, and a wide vailey extends through the conter. The declivities of the hills are generally steep, and their summits are 400 to 600 ft. above the valleys. The principal streams are Chemung River, forming the s. boundary, and Newtown and Goldsmiths Creeks. The soil upon the uplands is a gravelly loam, and in the valleys a productive, saudy loam. Elmira (p. v.) is situated upon the Chemung, near the center of the s. border of the town. Upon an emi- nence 2} mi. E. of Elmira Village is the remains of an ancient fortification. It is protected on one side by the river, and on the other by a deep ravine. An embankment 200 feet long, 14 feet wide, and 3} feet high still extends along the rear of the fortification, and upon it large trees grew when the whites first occupied tho country. It was incorp. as " Newtown" March 3, 1815, and its name was changed April 21, 1828. The people are largely engaged in manufacturing4 and in commercial pursuits,5 for which the location of the place is admirably adapted. Besides the co. buildings, the village contains 3 banks, 1 daily and 2 weekly newspaper offices, 8 churches, and a large number of fine and commodious commercial buildings. It is also the seat of the Elmira Female College,6 the Elmira Seminary,7 thie Elmira Academy,8 and a large water-cure establishment.9 The public schools are graded and are in a flourishing conditiou. Pop. 8,308, of which 7,173 are within the limits of the town, and 1,135 in the town of Southport. The first settlement was made by Col. John IIendy and Christian Loop, who located on the present site of the village in 1788.1ยบ Col. Hendy
I Among the other early settlers were N. Swick, Homer Tup- per. Edward Beebe, Jacob Bucher, Alanson Owen, John Woolsey, and J. M. Barker, who located in the 8. part. Jacob Bucher kept the first inn on Post Creek, and - Ostrander erected the first saw and gristmills on the same stream. Reuben Beebe died in the town in 1854, at the age of 105. His widow, Hannah Beebe, was living, 1858, at the age of 105. Mr. Beebe served as a soldier in the Revolutionary army.
2 The first marriage was that of Guy Maxwell and Nellie Wynkoop, and the first death, that of Wm. Bosworth. The first inn was kept by Wm. Wynkoop, on Wynkoops Creek, and the first store by Elijah Breck. at Breckville. Epinetns Owen erected the first gristmill, on Wynkoops Creek. Win. Wynkoop was from Ulster co., and settled at the mouth of the creek bearing his name. Samuel Wallace, the first school teacher, was killed by the Indians.
8 The census reports 4 churches; 2 Union, Bap., and Cong.
4 The principal of the manufacturing establishments are as follows :- The Elmira Woolen Mannfactory, employing 64 hands, And turning out 230,000 yds. of cloth annually ; the Phoenix Furnace Iron Works gives employment to 40 men ; the Elmira Ax Factory to 25 men; and a barrel mannfactory to 50 men. Besides these, there are several flouring mills, a planing mill. and other establishments.
6 An immense lumher trade is still carried on by means of the Chemung River and Canal. The W. & E. R. R. opens a direct communication with the coal mines of Penn., and a large coal- trade is rapidly springing up. The village is also the center of an extensive trade.
6 This institution was chartered in 1855, with all the powers and privileges granted to the other colleges in the State. It ex- tends to woman, opportunities for the highest culture. It is beautifully situated upon an eminence a little N. w. of the vil- lage. The bnikling is 230 feet long, with an octagonal center 70 feet in diameter and 4 stories high, flanked by 2 wings, each 50 by 50 fort, and 3 stories high. all erected at a cost of $$0,000. The catalogue of 1855 reports 18's pupils in attendance.
T The Elmira Seminary for young ladies, a private institution. has been in successful operation for 11 years, under the manage- ment of Miss C. Thurston. The catalogue of 1857 reports 205 pupils.
8 The Elmira Academy, once incorp., is now a private institu- tion. It has an endowment of $10,000. New buildings for the school are in process of erection. In 1858, 262 pupils were re- ported.
9 The Elinira Water-Cure is situated on the hill 1 mi. E. of the village, commanding an extensive view of the valley and sur- rounding country. It contains accommodations for 110 patients. 10 Among the carly settlers were John Konkle, James Cameron, Wm. Seeley, Nathaniel Seeley, John Muller, Caleb Baker, - Marks, Thomas Hlendy, and Jobn J. AcMody. Cornelius Low kept the first inn, in 1791, at Newtown Point, and Cyrus Hallenbeck the first store, at ahont the samo time and place. The first gristmill was built by Win. Dunn and Brin- ton l'arne, at the villago- in 1791, and the first sawmill, wool carding and cloth dressing mill by Gen. Matthew Carpenter, on the site of the present woolen. factory. The following ac- count of the first birth in town was given in the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser :- "Ono Saturday afternoon, abont 4 o'clock, in the summer of 1788, while Col. John Hendy was working on his log bouse, a man and woman, both on horse- back, emerged from the Indian pathway and crossed the New- town Creek to his land. The man rode before, with a basket on each side of his horse, and a child in each basket, while the woman brought up the rear, having on her nag the goods and chattels of the family : for they were inan and wifo. The hus- band rode up to Col. II., inquiring with much anxiety if thero was a doctor to be fonnit in the vicinity. 'What is the matter ?' said the veteran. 'My wife has got hurt by the stumbling of her horse, and wants n doctor as soon as possible,' was the reply. 'That is very unfortunate,' said the Col., 'for there is no doctor in this wilderness.' He had no shelter nor resting place to offer them, save the ground, the pine trees, and the canopy of heaven. They rode on a few rods, and stopped-for they were obliged to stop-under the best shelter they conld find. On Sunday morning Col. Hendy met the man in tho woods, near the spot where they had conversed before. and. in- quiring how his wife was, was answered, 'She is as well as contdl be expected.' The Col. did not think again of the traveler till Monday, when he sent his son to look after them. The boy returned with the intelligence that they were getting ready to start. 'But how is the woman, my boy ?' said be. 'The
221
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
was the pioneer in the valley of the Chemung, and one of the most prominent of the early settlers. The first preacher (Presb.) was Rev. Nathan Culver.1
ERIN-was formed from Chemung, March 29, 1822. A part of Van Etten was taken off in 1854. It extends from near the center of the co. to the N. border. Its surface is a hilly upland broken by the deep and narrow valleys of the streams. The principal streams are Wynkoops, Bakers, Baldwins, and Newtown Creeks. Upon Bakers Creek, in the s. part of the town, is a fine sulphur spring. The soil is a medium quality of gravelly loam, and is best adapted to grazing. Considerable lumber is still manufactured, little more than one-third of the surface being under improvement. Erin, South Erin, and State Road are p. offices. The first settlement was made in 1817, by Robert Park and Jolin Bonfield .? There are 2 churches in town; Presb. and M. E.
HORSEHEADS-was formed from Elmira, Feb. 17, 1854. It is an interior town, lying near the center of the co. The surface is rolling and level in the w. and hilly in the E. The summit level of the Chemung Canal at Horseheads Village is 443 ft. above Seneca Lake, and the summits of the hills are 200 to 400 feet higher. Its principal streams are Newtown Creek and its branches. The soil is generally a good quality of gravelly loam. Considerable attention is paid to raising tobacco, and, in 1857, 1000 acres were devoted to this erop. Horseheads (p. v.) was incorp. May 15, 1837, as " Fairport," and its name was changed April 18, 1845. It contains 2 steam flouring mills, a plaster mill, a gang sawmill, and 3 churches. Pop. 1000. The Chemung navigable feeder from Corning intersects the canal at this place. Breesport (p. v.) contains 2 churches and 18 dwellings. The first settlement was made at Horseheads in 1788, by Nathan Huntington.4 The first church (Presb.) was formed by Rev. Daniel Thatcher; the first settled minister was Rev. Ethan Pratt.5
SOUTHPORT-was formed from Elmira, April 16, 1822. It is the s. w. corner town of the co. Its surface is mostly a hilly upland broken by the deep valleys of the streams. Chemung River, forming most of the N. boundary, is bordered by wide, fertile alluvial flats. Seely Creek, the principal stream, receives as tributaries South, Bird, and Mud Lick Creeks; Hendy Creek flows along the N. border. The soil upon the hills is a slaty loam, and in the valleys a fine quality of gravelly loam. Wellsburgh, (p. v., ) on the Chemung, in the s. E. corner of the town, con- tains 2 churches and several mills and manufacturing establishments. It is a station on the N.Y. & E. R. R. Pop. 365. Southport (p. v.) contains 2 churches, 2 mills, a woolen factory, and 44 houses. Webbs Mills (p. o.) is a hamlet, and Seely Creek is a p. o. The 3d ward of El- mira, containing a pop. of 1135, is on the s. bank of the Chemung in this town. The first settle- ment at Wellsburgh was made by Green Bentley in 1788 and Abner and Henry Wells in 1789. Abraham Miller located at Southport in 1789.6 The first church (Bap.) was formed at Wells- burgh, in 1790; Rev. Roswell Goff was the first preacher.7 On an eminence known as Fort Hill, near the Chemung, in the w. part, are the remains of an ancient fortification, supposed to have been French.
VAN ETTEN-named from James B. Van Etten-was formed from Erin and Cayuta, April 17, 1854. It is the N. E. corner town of the eo. Its surface is a hilly upland. Cayuta Creek flows
woman, eli? oh, the woman has got a baby; and I guess she wants another basket to imit it in.'" The child whose birth is told above was Clark Winans, jr. The place was surveyed, in 1788, by Jas. Clinton, Gen. John Hlathom, and John Cantine Conis; and the first lands were sold at 18 pence per acre. In 1790, a council with the Indians was held under a tree on Lake St., just g. of the present site of the courthouse. About 1200 Indians were present. Nathaniel Seely. the first patentre, of Elmira Village, sold to Moses De Witt. who sold to -- White; and in 1794 White sold to Guy Maxwell and Saml. Hepburn.
1 The census reports 8 churches; 2 M. E., Bap., Cong., Presb., Af. M. E., Prot. E., and R. C.
2 Among the other early settlers were Jesse L. White, Isaac Shoemaker, Alexander and Jolin Mckay. Thomas Baker, Wm. and Robert Stewart, John and James Ilallenbeck, B. Sperry, Thomas Van Houton, Philip Thomas, J. Boyn, Robert McDowell and his son Barnum, and Andrew Anstin, Joseph, Daniel, and Samuel Vaughn. The first death was that of Mrs. Thomas Baker. The first school was kept on Newtown Creek, and the first sawinill was erected at the same place by J. And J. McMillen. 3 This name was derived from the following incident. While Gen. Sullivan's army was encamped at this place, some 30 or 40 worn-ont horses were shot. The Indians afterward gathered the heads and arranged them on the sides of the path, aud the locality became known as the Horseheads.
4 Jolin Breese (from N. J.) settled at the same place in 1789, and Jonathan S. Concklin, Nathaniel Huntington, Asa Guilder. sleve, and a family named Gilbert, in 1791. Soon after, a com- pany from Orange co., among whom were James, Ebenezer, and Jolin Sayre, purchased a tract of 1400 acres, covering the site of the village, and settled on it. The first child born was Susanna Concklin, in 1792; the first marriage, that of Wm. Dunn and Mary Sayre; and the first death, that of Susanna Coucklin. Amelia Parkhurst taught the first school at the village. Vin- cent Concklin kept the first inn, in 1822, and Westlick & Dunn the first store. The first gristinill was erected by Lewis Breese, E. of the village.
6 The census reports 5 churches; 2 M. E., 2 Bap., and 1 Prosb. 6 Col. Abraham Miller was from Penn. Hle served with dis- tinction as a captain in the army of the Revolution, and was ap. pointed First Judge of Tioga co. by Gov. Geo. Clinton, in 1791. The first birth was that of Eunice Kelsey, and the first death, that of Stephen Kent. The first school was taught by Caleb Baker: the first inn was kept by Wm. Baldwin, and the first store by Wm. and Henry Wells, on the river at Wellsburgh. The first sawmill was erected by Coi. Abraham Miller, on a branch of Seely Creek ; the first gristmills were erected by David Griswold and Solomon Bovier, and the first factory by Charles Evans, at Southport.
7 The census reports 5 churches; 2 Bap., 2 M. E., and Presb.
222
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
S. E. through near the center, and receives as tributaries Jackson and Langfords Creeks from the N. and Baker Crcek from the s. The soil on the hills is a clay loam, and in the valleys a gravelly loam. Van Ettenville (p. v.) contains 3 churches and 20 dwellings ; Cayuta is a p. o. The first settlements1 were made along the valley of Cayuta Creek in 1795, by Alexander and Benjamin Ennis, Peter, Jacob, Emanuel, and Isaae Swartwood, from N. J. The first church (Bap.) was formed by Rev. Ebenezer Jayne, the first settled preacher.2
VETERAN-was formed from Catharine, April 16, 1823. It lics on the N. line of the co., w. of the center. The surface is principally a hilly upland. Catharine Creek flows N. along the w. border, affording an abundance of waterpower." The other streams are Newtown and Beardsley Creeks. The soil is a clay and gravelly loam of good quality. Millport (p. v.) contains 2 churches, flouring and saw mills, and various manufacturing establishments. Pop. 706. Sullivanville, (p. v.,) in the s. part of the town, contains a church and 155 inhabitants. Veteran and Pine Valley are p. offices. The first settlements were made at about the commencement of the cen- tury,-in the N. part of the town by immigrants from Conn., and in the s. part by immigrants from Penn.+ The first church (M. E.) was formed in 1817.5
Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Families, Frecholders, Schools, Lire Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufactures, of Chemung County.
ACRES OF LAND.
VALUATION OF 1858.
POPULATION.
SCHOOLS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Real Estate.
Personal
Property.
Total.
Males.
Females.
No. of Dwellings.
No. of Families.
Freeholders.
No. of
Children
Baldwin *.
Big Flats
12.6164 11,670
9.316
641,430 276,084 561,100
54,576 6,064 54,600 869,850 3,227
696,006 282,148 615,700 3,000,651
929 759 1,437
924 759 1,348 4,349
342 995 493
353 300 499
203 245 386
14
920
Erin. ....
9,638
18,169
141.873
145,100
604
586
099
231
232
10
524
Horseheads
12,490
7.840
707,870
81.850
789,720
1,356
1.292
430
467
314
9
1.037
Southport.
15,831}
16,990%
903,544
34,950
938,494
2,285
2,194
814
869
578
18
1.833
Van Etten.
12,689
12.083
102.448
2,650
105,098
781
741
277
281
268
12
650
Veteran.
15,326
8,073
4$2,471
24.600
507,071
1,423
1,384
574
568
416
14
1.061
Total.
120,219} |110,3654 1
5,947.621 1.132.367
7,079,988
13,711
13,577
4,857
5,156 | 3.665
116 :10.621
LIVE STOCK.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
BUSH. OF GRAIN.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Horses.
Working
Oxen and
Calves.
Comos.
Sheep.
Swine.
Winter.
Spring.
Tons of Hay.
Bushels of
Potatoes.
Bushels of Apples.
Pounds
Pounds
Cheese.
Domestic
Baldwin*
549
1,422
959
3,009
1,215
13,867 }
2,654
12,101
86.702
570
252
Catlin
503
1.002
694
3.530
809
4.863
2,031
9.225
65,720
1.333
Cheming
674
1,961
2,183
2.482
1.785
8.583
117,986}
4,856
15.189
209.735
560
1,125
Elmira
627
767
933
368
1,019
6,778
75,813} 51.960
2,461 1,898
34.842 8.947
6.870 8,322
72.140
1.547
Horseheads.
570
1.165
995
2.496
1,232
10.9731
120.262}
2.8254
13.741
13,916
108,200
2,770
213
Southport ....
729
1,473
1,220
1.408
1,542
9.813
95,526}
3,391
15.625
9.513
118,899
192
Van Etten.
348
1,076
684
2.065
589
2.708
41,055
1.868
6.936
8.964
57.870
1.370
Veteran.
567
1,318
1.172
4.374
986
7,129
109.430
2.9561
14.685
17.994
125.552
3,611 658
Total.
4,856:11.209
9,690.21.364
9.853
67.312
827,507
24,941 131.291 107.364
924,645
7.861
7.013
* Formed since 1855.
1 James Van Etten, John and David Hill, Isaac and Levi Decker, Sam'l. James, Daniel, and Joshua Westbrook, John Inttimore, - Johnson. and - Crammer, all from Delaware River, set- tled on the Cayuta Flats, at and near Van Ettenville. from 1795 to ISDA, Harmon White, (from Litchfield. Conu.,) David Jayne and Gabrist Ogden, (from N. J.,) settled, in 1802, on a branch of Cayuta Creck. Most of these persons served as soldiers during the | Revolution. James Van Etten and Isaac Decker were wounded by musket balls, which they carried to their graves. Flanders & Skauts kept the first store, at Van Ettenville; Isaac Swart- WINNI erected the first gristmill, in 1803: Jacob Swartwood opened the first inn, in Isol. Ifis old sign (still hanging) reads as fol- lows :-
" You jolly topers, as you pass by. Call in and drink ; for I know you are dry! And if you have but half a crown,
You are welcome to my jug, sit down! Entertainment I.v J. SWARTWOOD."
2 The census reports 3 churches ; Bap., F. W. Bxp,, and M. E. 8 In the summer of 1957 a sudden and destructive Hond oc- curred upon this stream, which swept away every damn upon it, and every lock on the canal from Horseheads to Seneca Lake. The whole valley was flooded ; and nt Millport and other places the people were obliged to flee for their lives.
4 Among the enrly settlers were E. Mallary nnd son. Fli and David Banks, and families named Meeker, Baldwin, and Parsons, from Conn .; Theodore Valleau, D. Shaffer. N. Botsford. ami B. Lockesby, from Penn. Daniel Parsons kept the first inn. on the middle road, and E. Crandell the first store, at Millport. The first sawmill was erected by G. Bennett, on Catharine Crock, below Millport.
5 The census reports 3 churches; 2 M. E. and Presb.
79.767
350
280
Frin ..
289
1.025
845
1.632
676
2,697
4.137
1,463
1,589
1,023
11
2.865
Elmira.
10,094}
6.425
2,130.801
S On -1 Districts. 7
fig taught.
Chemung.
19,864
20,364
11,125
Catlin
13
651
Manufacturer, in Fards.
of
Butter.
af
Big Flats.
132,203 83.270
16,771 5,503 19.511
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
42 6.55
CHENANGO COUNTY.
INGO
THIS county was formed from Herkimer and Tioga, March 15, 1798. Sangerfield (Oneida eo.) was taken off in 1804, and Madison co. in 1800. It is an interior eo., lying s. E. of the center of the State; is centrally distant 94 mi. from Albany, and contains 898 sq. mi. Its surface is a hilly upland, broken by the deep ravines of the streams. The highlands consist of two principal ridges, extending N. and s.,-the first lying between Unadilla and Chenango Rivers, and the sceond between the Chenango and Otselic. These ridges are subdivided by numerous parallel and lateral valleys, and their deelivities are often too steep for profitable cultivation. The sum- mits are broad and rolling, and of nearly uniform elevation throughi- out the co .; and the highest points are 600 to 800 feet above the principal valleys.
Susquehanna River flows s. w. through the s. E. corner, receiving from the N. the Unadilla, which forms the greater part of the E. boundary of the co. The principal branches of the Unadilla and Susquehanna are Beaver Creek, Shawler, Great, Kent, and Kelsey Brooks. Chenango River flows in a generally southerly direction from the N. border of the co. to near the center, and thenee s. w. to the s. w. corner. It receives from the E. Handsome Eddy, Padgets, and Pages Brooks, and from the w. Canasawacta, Fly-Meadow, Ludlow, and Genegantslet Creeks, and Pleasant, Fly, Cold, and Mill Brooks. Otselic River flows s. w through the N. w. corner, receiving from the E. Middletown Brook and Brackel Creek, and from the w. Manns, Buck, and Ashbel Brooks and Mud Creek. In basins among the hills, far above the valleys, are numerous sinall ponds. The valleys of the Susquehanna and Chenango are among the finest in the State. They consist generally of a fer- tile and highly cultivated intervales of an average width of about 1 mi., usually bordered by steep and finely wooded hillsides. All the valleys of the co. seem to have been formed by the action of great currents of water, which have plowed deep furrows in the gently rolling region which probably once formed the general faec of the country.
The lowest roeks in the co., appearing upon the N. border, belong to the Hamilton group. Suc- cessively above these toward the s. appear the Tully limestone, Genesee slate, the Portage, Chemung, and Catskill groups. The sandstone of the Portage group furnishes a good material for building and flagging. Several quarries have been opened along the Chenango Valley between Greene and Oxford. A quarry of the same stone a little below Oxford furnishes grindstones and whetstones. The rock which crowns the summits of the s. hills is the red sandstone of the Che- mung group. The soils are almost entirely derived from the disintegration of the rocks. In a few localities is found a very limited amount of drift. Upon the hills the soil is principally a shaly loam, and in the valleys a fine quality of productive alluvium.
The co. is almost exclusively agricultural. Dairying is the leading pursuit, and is gradually gaining upon all the other branches of agriculture. Stock and wool growing are carried on to some extent. Grain is produced, though not in sufficient quantities for the wants of the people. Hops are cultivated to some extent along the river valleys.
The co. seat is located at Norwich.1 The courthouse is a fine stone building, situated near the center of the village, fronting the public park .? It is built in the Greeian style of architecture, with a colonnade in front, supported by Corinthian columns. The jail is a stone building, eon- tiguous to the courthouse. The elerk's office is a fireproof briek building, upon the courthouse lot. The poorhouse is situated upon a farm of 170 acres in Preston, 6 mi. w. of the courthouse. The average number of inmates is 90, supported at a weekly cost of 56 ets. each. The farm yields a revenue of $800. The house is poor and dilapidated, and the accommodations for the inmates aro extremely poor. A school is taught 6 months in the year.
1 The co. at first had half-shires. the courts being held al- under the direction of Wm. Randall, Wm. Knowlton, and Eras tus Lathrop. commissioners. The present jail was erected in 1830. At a cost of $2,000. It is a two story building, containing 10 cells and a house for the jailer. ternately nt Hamilton (now in Madison county) and Oxford. From the organization of Madison co., in 1806, until 1809, the courts were held alternately at Oxford and North Norwich. Dy act of March 6, 1807. the co. seat was located at Norwich. The 2 The first co. officers were Isaac Foot, First Judge ; Joab Enos. new courthouse was built and first ocenpied in 1809. The first ! and Joshun Leland. Judges; Oliver Norton and Elisha Payne, courthouse was a wooden building. erected at a cost of $6.500. Assistant Justices: Uri Tracy. Sherif; Sidney S. Breese. Clerk The present courthouse was built in 1837, at a cost of $16.000, ; and John L. Mercereau, Surrogate.
223
224
CHENANGO COUNTY.
The Chenango Canal extends along Chenango River through the co. It erosses the river below Earlville, below Sherburne, and below Greene, upon wood aqueduets, supported by stone piers. The Albany & Susquehanna R. R., now in process of construction, extends along the Susque- hanna through Bainbridge.
Five weekly newspapers are now published in the eo.1
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