Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1, Part 67

Author: French, J. H. (John Homer), 1824-1888, ed. cn; Place, Frank, 1880-1959, comp
Publication date: 1859
Publisher: Syracuse, N.Y. : R. Pearsall Smith
Number of Pages: 772


USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 67


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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POUGHKEEPSIE10-was formed as a town March 7, 1788. The city of Poughkeepsie was taken off March 28, 1854. It lies upon the Hudson, s. of the center of the co. Its surface is mostly a rolling upland. Wappingers Creek, forming the E. boundary, and Fall Kil, flowing s. through Poughkeepsie City, each furnish a considerable amount of water power. The soil is elayey in the w. and a sandy and gravelly loam in the remaining parts. New Hamburgh, (p. v.,) on the Hudson, in the extreme s. angle, contains 2 churches. It is a R. R. station, and is connected by a ferry with Marlborough, Orange co. Pop. 339. Channingville, opposite Wap- pingers Falls, contains a gristmill, 2 churches, and 50 houses. Manchester, (Manchester Bridge p. o., ) on the line of La Grange, contains about a dozen houses.11 Rochdale, in the N. E. coruer, contains 2 cotton factories and 15 houses. Locust Glen is a p. o. The first settlements were made by the Dutch, about 1700.12 There are 4 churches in town; 2 M. E., Presb., and R. C.


POUGHKEEPSIE CITY-was formed from Pough- keepsie, and incorp. as a village March 27, 1799, and as a city March 28, 1854. It is situated upon the Hudson, a little s. of the center of the w. border of the co. The ground gradually rises from the river to a table land, 150 to 200 ft. high, upon which most of the eity is built, aud about 1 mi. back into a hill 500 ft. E high.13 Fall Kil, a small stream, flows in a tortuous channel 1799 through the city, affording a limited amount of water power. The city is finely laid out on the bluff overlooking the Hudson ; and, besides the eo. buildings, it coutains 4 banks, 1 savings' bank, 18 churches, aud many other fine publie aud private buildings. Its location gives to the city commercial advantages which are fully improved. During the summer daily lines of steamers run to New York and to


1 Upon draining Hoag Pond, 1} mi. s. E. of Pine Plains Village, | followed by several of their Indian converts. The mission was visited by Count Zinzendorf and Bishop David Nitschiman soon after its location in this town. During the last 2 years, 62 native converts were baptized and admitted to the church. Gottlieb Buettner. one of the missionaries, died in Feb. 1745. at this place .- Heckewelder's Hist. Morav. Missions, 20; Doc. Hist. N. Y., III. 1014; Davis's Shekomeko, p. 29. 6 Bap., M. E., Presb., Prot. E., and Friends.


a very deep bed of marl, covering 6 or S acres, was found. Marl is also found in Buttermilk Pond.


2 Harris's Scythe Factory gives employment to 50 hands, and turns out about 2000 dozen scythes per annum.


3 In 1740, Jolin Rau, a German, lived on a hill N. F. from She- konieko. John Tice Smith, Jas. Graham. C. W. Rautz, Ebr. Dibble. and - Snyder were also early settlers.


4 This mission was commenced in Sept. 1740, by Henry Rauch, and on the 22d of Feb. 1742, the first 3 Indian couverts were baptized. Before the end of the year, 26 more were converted, ami a place of worship was erected. This little community had nut become fully settled before its quiet was disturbed by the intrusion of an armed force under the orders of the sheriff, at the instigation of intolerant and bigoted neighbors; and. al- though neither arms nor any thing else were found that could lir construed into hostile designs against the Government, the missionaries Were seized and brought before the Governor and Cimneil at New York, under charge of being in the interests of the French and of endeavoring to seduce the Indians from their alliance with the English. Upon refusing to take the oath of allegiance, they were reprimanded and discharged. Their ene- mies, well knowing their conscientious scruples in regard to oaths, in 1744 obtained the passage of an act " for securing his inajesty's government in New York," by which an oath of alle- giance was made obligatory. Rather than do violence to their consciences, the missionaries removed to Bethlehem, Penn.,


6 This factory was built in 1815, by John Gibbons. It con- tains 80 looms, and gives employment to 75 hands. 7 The charter of this village is a dead letter, as no election has taken place in 10 years. The village records are lost.


8 This factory gives employment to about 40 hands. 0 2 3J. K ... Friends. Prot. E .. and Presh.


10 Poughkeepsie Precinct was formed Dec. 16, 1757. In curly documents the name is spelled in a variety of ways. as " l'ecosse" and " Pokipsi." The original name is said to have bien Apo- keep-sink, signifying " pleasant harhor."


11 A cotton factory was formerly in operation here. In 1849 it was changed to a paper miti, which was run until 1957.


12 Near the s. line of the city is a house built before the llevo- Intion and formerly owned by Philip Livingston. It still bears the marks of balls fired by the British. The dwelling of Gov. Geo. Clinton, still standing. 6 mi below the city. is now owned by Philip 8. Van Rensselaer. Prof. S. F. B. Morse. the inventor of the electric telegraph. resides 2 mi. s. of the city.


13 About 1 mi. x, of this hill is another of nbont the same ele-


275


DUTCHESS COUNTY.


Albany, and a considerable trade is carried on by barges and boats. The daily line of steamers between New York and Albany touches here. A steam ferry connects the city with New Paltz Landing. The manufactures are extensive and various. They consist chiefly of pig iron, car- riages, carpets, pins, chairs, drugs, files, sewing silk, and ale.1


The City Hall is a plain brick building, situated on Main St., a little w. of the courthouse.


The Public Schools are under the charge of a board of education, consisting of 12 members, of whom 3 are elected annually. The schools are 6 in number, and employ 23 teachers,-3 males and 20 females. In 1857 thic number of children between 4 and 21 was 4329, of whom 1900 (or 44 per cent.) were in attendance at school during some portion of the year. The total expenses of the schools were $8444 13. The number of volumes in the district libraries was 4683.


The Dutchess Co. Academy occupies a large 3 story brick building on Hamilton St.2


The Poughkeepsie Female Seminary, situated on Cannou St., was founded by a stock co., at a cost of $15,000.


The Poughkeepsie Collegiate School is situated on a hill { of a mi. E. of the city. A lot of 80 aeres is connected with the institution, and the building and grounds are valued at $75,000.3


The Mansion Squarc Female Institute is a private institution, corner of Mansion and Catharinc Sts. It has 9 teachers and 80 pupils.


The Poughkeepsie Female Collegiate Institute, a private institution, is situated at the corner of Mill and Catharine Sts. It occupies a 3 story brick building, and has an average of 4 teachers and 100 pupils.


The Cottage Hill Seminary, a private institution for young ladies, is located on a beautiful site upon Garden St. It is under the charge of a principal, assisted by 12 teachers and lecturers. A library of 2000 volumes is connected with it, and the number of pupils is limited to 50.


The Law School, incorp. in 1851, and first located at Ballston Spa, Was removed to this city in 1853, and its sessions are still held here. A Young Men's Association has been established, for the purpose of furnishing winter lectures.


The Poughkeepsie Lyceum of Literature, Science, and Art was incorp. April 6, 1838.


The Poughkeepsie Orphan Asylum and Home of the Friendless, having for its object the care of orphans and destitute children, was organized June 21, 1847. Besides these, there is a Rural Ceme- tery Association," a well organized Fire Department, and an Aqueduct Association. Population of the city, 12,763.5


The first settlement was begun in 1690 and 1700. Baltus Van Klecek built the first house within the present limits of the city, in 1702, ou land now owned by Matthew Vassar, near the Cong. Church.6 The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) was formed about 1700. Rev. Cornelius Van Schie was installed pastor of this church and the one at Fishkill in 1727.7


The Van Kleeck House, a substantial stone building, was used for purposes of defence, and just under the eaves the walls were pierced with loop-holes for musketry. This building was after- ward the meeting place of the inhabitants to consult upon the public welfare when the Boston Port Bill and kindred measures awakened a spirit of resistance through the country. There the Committee of Correspondence of Dutchess held their meetings ; and there the pledge to sustain the Continental Congress and the Provincial Assembly was signed by the inhabitants of Poughkeepsie in June and July, 1775.


vation. Many beautiful and costly dwellings are built upon these table lands atuait the city, affording a fine view of the city and valley. The eye here has an uninterrupted range of view Over 2500 sq. mi. of country.


1 The Poughkeepsie Iron Works were established in 1848, with city recently organized) at different periods bas been as tol- lows :-


a capital of $200,000; 75 hands are employed, and 10,000 to 11.000 tons of pig iron are manufactured per annum. The ores used are the heinatite from Fishkill. and the magnetic ore from Essex | INDO. . .... 3.246


play> 15 hands. The Poughkeepsie Chair Manufactory employs


are mostly sent to South America. An establishment for the preparation of dye stuffs and drugs employs 30 hands, and many- factures $200,000 worth of goodsammally. A file factory, started


2 This building was erected in 1836, at a cost of $14.000.


3 The building of this institution is of wood, modeled after the Parthenon. It was organized under the charge of Chas. Bart- lett, N. P'. Tallinage, and - Cunningham. See p. 750.


The Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery consiste of 54 acres, sitt ated in the town of Ponghkeepsie. a short distance below the city, between the Highland Turnpike and the Hudson.


6 The population of the town of Poughkeepsie (Including the


1700 ...... 2,529 1814 ...... 5.673 | 1830 ...... 7,222 1845 .. .... 11.791


1820 ...... 5.726 1835 ...... 8.529 1850. . .... 13,944


co. The Poughkeepsie Carriage Mannfactory, with a capital of | Is10) .... .4.609 1825 ...... 5.935 1840 ...... 10.006 1855 ...... 15.873 6 Among the early settlers were Dutch families named Van De Bogart, Van Benschoten. Van De Bergh. Van Wagoner, De $35.000. employs 60 bands, and turns ont $90,000 to $100.000 worth of carriages per annum, which are chiefly sold in the Southern markets. Pelton's Carpet Factory, with a capital of Graff. Le Roy, Parmentier, Messier. Ostrom, Hogeboom. Filkins. 8G (X) employs 60 to 70 hands, and produces 60,000to 65 000 gis. Swartwont. Frear, Hegeman. and Livingston. The first house of carpeting per year. A pin factors. in the same bmibling. em- ; stood until 1835. It was built of stone, and was funnshed with


loopholes for the use of muskefry. During the Revolution the 300 hands, and produces $60.000 worth of chairs per year, which i colonial legislature held several sessions in it.


i In 1758, the controversy between the Cetus and Conferentie parties distracted this church. and led to its division in 1769 The former of these parties wished to sever their connection from in 1sb6. employs 12 men: and a sewing silk factory, started in j the Classis at Amsterdam and become independent, and the 1858, employs 15 to 20 hands. M. Vassar & Co.'s Brewery and [ latter wished to still preserve their connection with the mother Malt Works, commenced in 1795. has a capital of $150,000, em- trunreh. The controversy divided nearly all the Ref. Prot. D. ploys 50 mnen. and mannfactures 30,000 hbis. of ale per year.


churches in America, and it was not entirely settled until about 1700, when a reconciliation took place. There are now 18churches in the city : 4 M. E .. 2 Ref. Prot. D .. 2 Prot. E., (Christ's and St. John s.) 2 Bap., and Cong .. Presl., Univ .. Ger. Lutb .. Af. Meth., Friends. R. C .. and Jewish.


276


DUTCHIESS COUNTY.


As soon as the alarm occasioned by the invasion of Sir IIenry Clinton (in 1777) had subsided, Gov. Clinton called a meeting of the Legislature at Poughkeepsie. It assembled at the Van Kleeck House early in Jan. 1778. Various acts to complete the organization of the State Government were passed ; provisions were made for strengthening the civil and military powers of the State ; and it was during that session that the State gave its assent to the Articles of Confederation, the organic law of the Federal Union until our present Constitution was formed and adopted.


The State Convention to consider the Federal Constitution assembled at the Van Kleeck House on June 17, 1788. There were 57 delegates present, and Gov. George Clinton was chosen President of the Convention. In that assembly were some of the most distinguished men of the Revolution, and the debates were of the most interesting character. In no State in the Union was hostility to the Federal Constitution more extensive and violent than in the State of New York. Forty-six of the 57 delegates, including the governor, were Anti-Federalists, or opposed to the Constitution. The principal advocates of the instrument were John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and Robert Livingston. Mr. Ilamilton had been a leading member of the National Convention that framed the Constitution, and also one of the principal writers of The Federalist. He felt the responsibility of his situation, and the Convention readily acknowledged the value of his judgment. IIe was per- fectly familiar with every topic included in the wide range which the debates embraced, and he was nobly sustained by his colleagues Jay and Livingston. The hostile feelings of many of the Anti-Federalists gradually yielded, and on the 26th of July the final question of ratification was carried in the affirmative by a majority of 3 votes.


Huddlestone, the famous spy, who was captured upon Wild Boar Hill, near Yonkers, West- chester co., was tried, condemned, and hung in Poughkeepsie in April, 1780. The place of his execution was upon a verge of the plain on which the town stands known as Forbuses Hill. IIe was accompanied to the scaffold by the co. officers and a small guard of militia enrolled for the purpose.1


REDHOOK2-was formed from Rhinebeck, June 2, 1812. It lies upon the Hudson, in the N. W. corner of the co. Its surface is a rolling upland, terminating on the Hudson in a series of bluff's 100 to 150 ft. high. The E. part is hilly. Prospect ITill is a prominent peak a little s. of Upper Redhook Village. The streamns are the Saw Kil and White Clay Kil. The valleys of the streams are broad and their banks low. Long Pond, in the E. part, forms the source of the Saw Kil. The soil along the river is a clay loam, and in the remaining parts a sandy, gravelly, or slaty loam. Redhook, (p. v.,) near the center, contains a cigar and tobacco manufactory, a female orphan asylum,8 and 3 churches. Pop. 625. Tivoli,' (p. v., ) in the N. w. part, is a steam- boat landing and a R. R. station. A large forwarding business is carried on here. It is adja- cent to Myersville, the two places forming a continuous village. They contain 5 churches and about 600 inhabitants. Barrytown (p. v.) is a R. R. station, 6 mi. below Tivoli. It contains 1 church, and is a place of considerable trade. Pop. 250. Upper Redhook, (p.v.,) in the N. E. part, contains 1 church and 175 inhabitants. Cedar Hill, on the Saw Kil, contains 1 church, a carpet yarn manufactory, a flouring mill,5 and 175 inhabitants. The first settlements were made between 1713 and 1727, by the Dutch. There are 11 churches in town.6 Along the river are numerous elegant country seats. The old residence of Gen. John Armstrong is now owned by his son-in-law, William B. Astor. The former estate of Gen. Montgomery is now occupied by Mrs. Edward Livingston.7


RHINEBECK8 -- was formed as a town, March 7, 1788. Redhook was taken off in 1812. It lies upon the Iludson, N. w. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and moderately hilly upland, terminating on the river in bluffs 100 to 150 ft. high. Landinans Creek, the principal stream, flows s. w. through near the center. Rhinebeck Kil is its tributary. Lake Sepasco is a small body of water in the N. E. corner. The soil is principally a finc quality of sandy loan.


1 Lossing's Field Book, Vol. I, pp. 383, 384.


2 By the Dutch called Roode lloeck. Tradition ascribes the nume of the town to a marsh near Tivoli, covered with ripe cranberries when first seen.


3 supported entirely by Mrs. William B. Aktor.


4 Pronounced Tiv'ole. A ferry connects this place with Sau- gerties, Ulster co. 6 Erected in 1856, at a cost of $30,000. G 4 Prot. E., 3 M. E., Enth .. Bap., Union. and Independent; the Just is the Sylvanian Chapel at Barrytown, owned by Robert Donalson.


7 Among the early settlers were families named Haeners, Shu- feldt, Zippertie, Hagerdorn, Wiederwax, Tranvs, Staats, Mell- bwu, Berwar, Woldorf, Near, Proseus, and others, mostly from


Germany. They first settled near Barrytown and Tivoli. The first marriage on record is that of Adam Shaffer and Maria Schoett, July 31, 1746. The first baptisin on the church record is that of Catherine Woldorf, April 23, 1734.


8 Rhinebeck Precinct, as formed Dec, 16, 1737, included the lands purchased of the widow Paulding and her children by Dr. Sam'l Staats; all the land granted to Adrian, Rooss, and Cothe; land patented by Col. Henry Beekman, June 5, 1703; and the land granted to Col. Peter Schuyler, called the Magdalen Island Purchase. The name is derived from the first settlers, who were from near the Rhine, in Germany, and Beckman, an original proprietor.


277


DUTCHESS COUNTY.


Rhinebeck, (p. v.,) near the center of the town, was incorp. April 23, 1834. It contains a bank, paper mill, 2 newspaper offices, a private academy,1 and 5 churches. Pop. 1051. Rhine- beck Station, (p. v., ) on the Hudson, contains a paper mill and 18 houses. A steam ferry connects the place with Rondout, Ulster co. Monterey,2 near the N. border, contains a church and 10 houses. The first settlement was made some time before 1700, but the precise date cannot be determined. The first family that came in was that of Wm. Beekman, the original proprietor.3 Ilis homestead (known as the Beekman House, built on a high point above Rhinebeck Station) is still standing.4 The first religious services are said to have been held in this house. The first church (Ref. Prot. D.) was formed May 23, 1724, at the present village of Monterey.5 The Lutheran church at Monterey was formed in 1730.6 There are 6 churches in town.7


STANFORD8 -- was formed from Washington, March 12, 1793. It is an interior town, lying N. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is a broken and hilly upland. The hills are generally rounded, and admit of eultivation to their summits. Slate crops out in numerous places along their declivities, and bowlders and water-worn pebbles are thickly strewn over a considerable portion of the surface. The highest point is Carpenter Hill, in the N. E. corner. Wappingers Creek, flowing s. w. through near the center, is the principal stream. Hunns Lake,9 in the N. E., and Uptons Pond, in the s. w., are the principal bodies of water. The soil is a good quality of gravelly and slaty loam. A considerable quantity of milk is sent daily to New York by the Harlem R. R. Stanford- ville, (p. v.,) near the center of the town, contains a gristmill, carriage axle factory, paper mill, 3 churches, and 35 dwellings. Bangall, (p. v., ) on Wappingers Creek, contains 2 gristmills, 2 sawmills, a foundry, 2 churches, and 30 dwellings. Attlebury, (p.o.,) Stissingville, and Old Attlebury10 are hamlets. Smith Thompson, U. S. Circuit Judge, was a native and resident of this town. There are 5 churches in town.11


UNION VALE12 -- was formed from Beekman and "Freedom," (now La Grange, ) March 1, 1827. It is an interior town, lying s. E. of the center of the co. Its surface is a hilly and broken upland divided into two parts by a broad valley which extends N. and s. through the center. Slate crops out upon the summits and the declivities of the hills. The Clove Kil, a tributary of Fishkill Creek, flows s. w. through near the center. The soil is a gravelly and slaty loam. An iron mine near Clove p. o. supplies the Beekman Furnace, 2 mi. farther s. Verbank, (p.v., ) in the N. w. corner, contains 2 gristmills, a paper mill, church, and a dozen dwellings. Oswego Village, (p.o.,) near the w. border, contains a church and 10 dwellings. Clove, (p. o.,) near the center, contains 2 churches and about a dozen dwellings. Crouse Store, in the s. part, Mansfield, in the N. E. corner, and Pleasant Ridge, in the s. E. corner, are p. offices. Henricus Beekman, the patentee, conveyed 1,000 acres to his son Ilenry in 1716, and settlement it supposed to have commenced soon after. There are 4 churches in town.13


WASHINGTON14 -- was formed March 7, 1788. Stanford was taken off in 1793. It is an interior town, lying near the center of the co. The surface is a rolling and hilly upland. Slate crops out on the hills, and water-worn pebbles are thickly strewn over a small portion of the sur- face. The principal elevations are Muckle Hill, near the center, Molly Mt., in the N. w. corner, Plymouth Hill, in the s. E. corner, and Canoe Hill, near the N. line. The streams are small creeks and brooks. Round and Shaw Ponds, in the N. part, form the sources of Wappingers Creek. A large quantity of milk is sent from the E. part to N. Y. by the Harlem R. R. The raising of blooded stock receives considerable attention.15 Harts Village, (p. v., ) near the center, contains 2 grist- mills, 2 sawmills, a spoke factory, and 28 dwellings.16 Mabbettsville,17 (p.o.,) 2 mi. E. of Harts


1 The Rhinebeck Academy was formerly incorp., but is now a private institution. It employs 2 teachers, and has an average of 100 pupils.


2 Named by Geo. Pink, who was appointed first postmaster in 1849. The p. o. has since been discontinued.


3 Wmn. Beckman came from Germany with his son, Henricus, in May. 1647 ; and with them came a mumber of poor families, who afterward settled in this town. Among the first families were those named Sipperly, Kipp, Pink, Schmidt, Shoptown, Backman. and Elseffer.


4 T'lits house was built of stone, and was used as a fortress in carly finirs. The brick used in the chimneys were brought from Ilolland. It is now owned by A. J. Hermance, Esq.


6 About 1800 this church divided. by mutual consent of the members; one branch Incated at Rhinebeck and the other at Redhook. The first baptism on record is that of Jolin Schmidt, April 5. 1730.


6 Fred. Henry Quitman-father of Gen. Qnitman. of the Mexi- can War-was for several years pastor of this church. He was born in the Duchy of Cleves, Westphalia, in 1760, and died in 1832.


7 Ref. Prot. D .. Luth .. Prot. E., M. E., and Bap. at Rhino- beck, and Luth, at Monterey.


8 This town was included in the Great Nine Partners Tract


9 Formerly Thompsons Pond.


10 An immense spring of pure cold water near this place has considerable local notoriety.


11 Orthodox Friends, Hicksite Friends, Christian, Bap., atut M. E.


12 This town constitutes a portion of the Beekman Purchase. 13 2 M. E .. Friends, and Christian.


14 This town is mostly comprised within the Great Nine Part- ners Tract.


15 Saml. Thorn, of Thorndale. 1 mi. w. of Four Corners, is et- tensively engaged in raising the short horn Durham cattle. His herd of 70 head, valued at $70,000, is the most valuable one in America.


16 A mill was built at this place about 1760, and is supposed to bave been the first in town.


17 Named from Jas. Mabbett, a fornir proprietor.


1


278


DUTCHESS COUNTY.


Village, contains 12 dwellings, Lithgow, (p.o.,) near the E. line, 2 churches and 10 dwellings, Mechanic, (Washington p. o.,) 2 mi. s. of Harts Village, a boarding school,1 2 churches, and 15 dwellings, and Little Rest, (p. v.,) in the s. E. part, 2 gristmills and 15 dwellings. Four Corners is a hamlet. Washington Hollow (p.v.) is on the line of Pleasant Valley. There are 4 churches in town.2


Acres of Lund, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Families, Frecholders, Schools, Livc Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufactures, of Dutchess County.


ACRES OF LAND.


VALUATION OF 1858.


POPULATION.


SCHOOLS.


NAMES OF TOWNS.


Improved.


Unimproved.


Real Estate.


Personal


Property.


Total.


Males.


Females.


No. of Dwellings.


No. of Families.


FreeholderR.


No. of


Children


taught.


A menia ...


17.709


6,859


$1,113,550


$274,750


$1.388,300


1,080


1,119


376


409


250


732


Beekinan.


13.003


4.227


544,432


177,550


721,982


678


701


242


269


169


5


402


Clinton.


19,635


4.429


511,195


206.830


718,025;


940


900


343


390


282


11


652


Dover.


17.482


9.187


902,455


206,713


1,109,168


971


954


289


282


161


12


679


East Fishkill


22,511


7.455


876,426


367.307


1,243,733


1,289


1,330


462


495


239


11


13


3,201


Hyde Park


17,090


5.410


1,321,925


340,600


1,662,525


1,219


1,261


415


207


238


7


821


LA Grange


18.370₺


5,049


472.307


128,576


600,883


812


. 818


203


330


231


10


663


Northeast


18,050円


6.193}


770,020


126,400


896,420


875


882


291


336


193


14


763


Pawling


19.070}


9,7732


602,993


271,950


874,943


895


897


324


361


280


10


650


Pine Plains




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