Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1, Part 52

Author: French, J. H. (John Homer), 1824-1888, ed. cn; Place, Frank, 1880-1959, comp
Publication date: 1859
Publisher: Syracuse, N.Y. : R. Pearsall Smith
Number of Pages: 772


USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 52


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I Low Minegar. Benj. Barrett. Zaten Cushing. -- Barnes. | Lot 10, and Win. Alexander. all of whom came in 1804; Silas --- Cole, and - Geer settled, in 1-04 and '05. ar and near Baird settled on Lot 6. and Ira Loomis in town. in 1806; Chas. Fredonia. Timothy Goulding settled I mi. w. of the harbor, in ' Forsyth in 1:08. The first school was taught by Ann Riddle. a 150S. Solomon Chadwick located at Dunkirk in 150g, and -- little w. of Quincy. in 1810. The first inn was kept near the Gaylord, Daniel Pier, and Luther Goulding soon after. Sammel State line, by Sam'l Truesdail, in 1805 Perry brought the first vessel into the harbor, in 1810. The " The census reports 5 churches; 2 Presb., M. E., Bap., anu Cuion. first death was that of a danghter of Oliver Woodcock. 12 years of age, killed by the fall of a tree in 1808. The first school was 7 Jerrard Griswold. John Walker, Orsamns and Alanson taught by Samuel Perry, at Fredonia, in the Winter of 1508-09. Holmes, and Uriah Lee. From Eastern New York, settled near Thos. MeChntock kept the first inn, in 1809, and E. Risley the first store, in 1808, at Fredonia. Baker. Berry & Co. built the first sawmill and gristmill, in 1807, on Canadaway Creek.


the center in 1804-05: Wm. Griswold, from Conn., on Lot 35. in 1-15: and Rev. John Spencer, from Com., at the center, in 1807. The first birth was that of Jos. Ellicott, son of Alansou Holmes. 2 The census reports 11 churches; 3 Bap,, 2 Prot. E .. 2 Presb., I'm the spring of 1805; the first marriage, that of Benj. Parrows 2 M. E., Christian, and R. C.


8 In 1806, Nathan, Elisha, and Nath'l Fay setiled ou Lot 95. Peter Kane on Lot 38, John Price on Lot 34. David Easog on Laut 57. and Benj. Hutchins in the same virimty. The hrs; forthe was that of George W. Dunn, Jan. 18, 1su7: the tist mio flage. that of Absalom Harris and Folly Kane, in lol4; and the best the first gristmill. in 1907. on Brighams Creek. death. that of Mrs. Nathan Fay, in 18:7. The first >cloud Was thought by Anna Hatons, on the premises of Capt base. in the wmnmer of isto. The first inn was kept near Centerv.h. by fiod. Dimm. in 1su8, and the first store by Thos. Clump ta !5. in the w. part of the town. Mar- Sage and Win, Frische luft the first sawmills, near the lder shore. The first gristiaill was built at Saleh


4 The census reports 6 churches; 2 Bap., 2 M. E. Prot. Meth. and Cong.


and Betsey Stebbins, in 1807-08; and the first death, that of Manson Holmes, in the fall of 1505. The first school was taught by Wm. Griswold. in the winter of 1808-09, at his own hnedise. Denus Johnes kept the list inn. W. of the center. in 180%, and Ch-ha Gray the first store, the same year. Haven Brigham built


& The census reporta 3 churches; Presb., Bap .. and Wes. Meth. " Named in honor of Roger Sherman, one of the signers of the Davaration of Imdependence.


" In the same year. Ta vey W. Golf settled on Lot 30, Lester 11. Dewey on Lot St. Ofis Shimmer on Lot 32. and Hiram N Files-on ơn Lot 24. The first child horn was Amasa Dormas. in 1524: the first marriage. that of bester R. Dewey and Fanny Intersoto, in IS25; and the first death. that of - Arnold. in 1-2i, chris Skinner tanght the first school. in his own house, in 1.25. Jestli Keeler kept the first store and inn, on Lot 27. in


6 Named in honor of Gen. Ebeour W Ripley. Among the other early settlers were Perry G. Ellsworth. on Lot 12, near Quincy. 1220. Alanson Weed erected the first mill, on Lot 30 in 1825. Samuel Truesdail, near the Pean. line, Alexander Cochrane, on .


216


CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY.


tled on Lot 31. The first religious meeting (Bap.) was held at the house of Jonathan Reynolds, by Elder Spencer ; and the first church (Cong.) was formed in 1826.1


STOCKTON ?- was formed from Chautauqua, Feb. 9, 1821. A part of Ellery was annexed in 1850. It is an interior town, lying a little N. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and hilly upland. Cassadaga and Bcar Lakes, two small bodies of water near the N. border, give rise to Cassadaga and Bear Creeks. These streams unite in the s. part of the town. Thic soil upon the upland is a clay loam, and in the valleys a sandy loam. Delanti, (Stockton p. o.,) near the center, contains 3 churches, a grist and saw-mill, and 180 inhabitants. Cassadaga, (p. v.,) upon Cassadaga Lake, in the N. E. corner, contains a church, a sawmill, and 151 inhabit- ants. South Stockton, in the s. E. part, and Oregon, in the s., are p. offices. The first settlement was made in the s. part of the town, in 1810, by Shadrack Scofield, David Waterbury, and Henry Walker, from Saratoga co.8 The first church (Bap.) was organized in the s. part, in 1815.4


VILLENOVA-was taken from Hanover, Jan. 24, 1823. A part of Arkwright was taken off in 1829. It lies upon the E. border of the eo., N. of the center. Its surface is rolling in the S. E., and broken and hilly in the center and N. The highest summit is 900 ft. above Lake Erie. Two small lakes-one on the N. and the other on the w. border-form the sources of the two branches of Connewango Creek, which unite in the s. E. corner. The soil is a clay and gravelly loam. Omar, (Hamlet p. o., ) a little s. w. of the center, contains 2 churches, a grist and saw mill, and 181 inhabitants. Villenova is a p. o. at Connewango Forks, in the s. E. part. The first settlement was made in 1810, on Lot 3, by Daniel Whipple, from Herkimer co., originally from Mass.5 The first religious meeting was held by Rev. Mr. Dunham; and the first church (M. E.) was formed in 1812. There are 3 churches in town; M. E., Wes. Meth., and F. W. Bap.


WESTFIELD-was formed from Portland and Ripley, March 19, 1829. It lics upon Lake Erie, w. of the center of the co. The surface is level or rolling along the lake, and hilly in the center and s. It is drained by Chautauqua and Little Chautauqua Creeks and several smaller streams flowing into the lake. The soil is a clay and gravelly loam. Westfield,6 (p. v., ) upon Chautauqua Creek, about 2 mi. from the lake, was incorp. April 19, 1833. It contains 4 churches, 2 banks, a weekly newspaper, the Westfield Academy, an agricultural implement factory, a hard- ware factory, woolen factory, eotton mill, and 3 flouring mills. Pop. 1,433. Barcelona, (p. v.,) a port of entry upon the lake, contains 169 inhabitants. Volusia is a p. o. in the s. part of the town. The first settlement was made in 1801, by Edward McHenry, from Penn." The first church (Presb.) was organized in 1807, by Rev. John Linsley.8


1 The census reports 5 churches; Cong., Bap., F. W. Bap., M. E., and Univ.


2 Named in honor of Richard Stockton, a signer of tho De- claration of Independence.


8 The first child born was Wm. Walker, Ang. 25, 1811. Abigail Durfey taught the first school, in the s. part, in the summer of 1815. The first inn was kept by Ichabod Fisher, at Cassadaga, in 1811, and the first store by James Haywood, at Delanti, in 1817. Ilines, Lazell & Nelson built the first gristmill, at De- lanti, on Bear Creek, in 1819.


4 The census reports 6 churches; 3 Bap., Cong., Christian, and Univ.


5 Among the other early settlers were Daniel Wright, from Herkimer co., on Lot 19, Villeroy Balcomb, John Kent, and Eli Arnold. The first child born was Electa Whipple. May 5, 1812; the first marriage, that of Jas. Maffit and Mary Dighton ; and the first death, that of John Arnold, in 1811. Mrs. Battles taught the first school, in her own house, near Wrights Corners, in 1815. Norris & Grover kept the first store, and Villeroy Bal- comb the first inn, at Wrights Corners, in 1829. John Kent


erected the first sawmill, in 1815, on the Connewango, below tho Forks; and a gristmill was attached in 1818.


6 The business of this place was ruined by the finishing of the N. Y. & Erie R. R. to Dunkirk. A lighthouse here is lighted by gas obtained from a gas spring, on the bank of the creek, about a mile distant.


7 Among the other early settlers were Arthur Bell and James Montgomery, from Penn., who located a little w. of Westfield Vil- lage, Abraham Fredrick, from Penn., on Lot 71, and Dan'l Kin- kaid, on Lot 14, all in 1802; and Gen. John and Jas. McMahan, on the present site of the village, in 1803. The first child born was John McHenry. in 1802; the first marriage, that of James Montgomery and Sarah Taylor, June 30, 1805; and the first death, that of Edward McHenry, drowned by the upsetting of a small boat on Lake Erie, in 1803. John McMahan erected the first sawmill and gristmill, in 1804, on and near the month of Chantanqua Creek. Edward MeHenry kept the first inn, In 1802, and Jas. Atkins the first store, in 1808, at Westfield Vil- lage. The first school was taught by Wm. Murray, in 1803.


8 The census reports 7 churches; 2 M. E., Presb., Prot. E., Wes. Meth., Bap., and Univ.


217


CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY.


Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Familics, Freeholders, Schools, Live Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufacturcs, of Chautauqua County.


ACRES OF LAND.


VALUATION OF 1858.


POPULATION.


SCHOOLS.


NAMES OF TOWNS.


Improved.


Unimproved.


Real Estate.


Personal


Property.


Total.


Males.


Females.


No. of Dwellings.


No. of Families.


Freeholders.


Districts.


Children taught.


Arkwright


12.256


9,199


$287,734


$18,300


$306.034


561


549


202


205


187


10


463


Busti,


18,399


11,342


562,566


20,650


583,215


940


980


3.54


375


339


Carrol


6,712


12,755


271,874


31.175


303.049


698


₹10


267


278


274


9


551


Charlotte.


12,696


8,658


386,336


73,655


459,991


845


8:27


329


337


327


12


677


Chautauqua


25.318


19,617


784,050


139,230


923,280


1,324


1,267


5:20


521


418


18


Cherry Creek.


11,090


14,477


247,170


9,450


256,620


632


594


216


258


234


9


437


Clymer


9,260


13,965


229,812


10,800


240,612


607


557


234


216


211


8


462


Ellery.


19,598₺


10,800


546,627


31,950


578,577


972


893


348


355


327


12


549


Ellicott ..


9,9514


9,298,


750,119


333,276


1,083,395


1,971


1,964


715


757


409


19


1,554


Ellington_


14,171


8,675


340,556


64,250


404,806


97.2


958


374


407


364


11


941


French Creek Gerry.


11.917


9,837


285,065


21,010


306,075


635


623


242


253


211


8


489


Hanover


21,011


11,736₺


952,119


137,450


1,089,569


2.057


2,044


798


815


641


17


1,590


Harmony


28,728


25,805


821,779


117,580


939.359


1,742


1,701


713


707


621


26


1,405


Mina


10,103}


12,786


245,841


9,475


255,316


522


514


199


200


192


11


500


Poland.


8,5341


13,386


252,535


11,100


263.635


702


623


251


245


206


10


548


Portland


15.330분


5,504


507,222


45,459


552,711


978


958


136


373


303


11


652


Ripley


16,696


12,630


646,470


82.600


7:29,070


852


851


319


331


281


12


699


Sheridan.


15,559€


6,719


630,235


54,300


684.535


763


828


318


335


295


9


582


Sherman


11.499


12.638


305.409


33.600


339,009


652


662


268


274


240


9


441


Stockton.


16,028


12,900↓


439,836


33,950


473,786


869


819


343


350


319


12


621


Villenova.


12,759}


9,521


323,081


36,150


359,231


7:21


692


290


315


264


12


493


Westfield


18,194₺


10,272


1,082.696


164,860


1,247,556


1,675


1,663


646


569


582


17


1,126


Total


360,110 294,145} |12.929,150


1,889,940


14.819,090 27,101 26.279


9.988


10,566


8,528


1:307


20,091


Tons of Hay.


Bushels of


Potatoes.


Bushels of


Pounds


Butter.


Pounds


Cheese.


Arkwright


391


1.376


1,348


2,174


6471


545


37.1294


2,906


10,188


11.252


99.029


120.515


1,784


Busti.


639


2,040


1,925


5.749


863.


735


75,70%


5,810


15.196


20.559


195,463


51,780


1,427


Carrol ..


266


1,039


534


1,675


380


1,480


26.429


2 542


7,957


7,219


50,460


4.700


1,765


Charlotte.


349


1.517


1.429


1,001


652


90


46.740


3.339


10,685


10.154


139,761


70,280


781


Chautauqua


861


2.391


2,799


4.001


1.539


1,456


71,100


8.250


13.703


26,196


279.574


115.272


7:26


Cherry Creek.


375


1,367


981


2,077


571


567.


40.2431


2.736


9.088


12.448


10,782


20,580


2,612


Clymer


303


1,230


1,012


1.624


483


8856


28.5794


2.512


12.272


3,915


95.669


16,741


1,931}


Ellery.


784


1.962


2,033


3.813


1,743


5,625


86,337}


4.985


13.091


32.104


173.569


119,439


1.855


Ellicott.


413


954


725


3.832


402


1.625


41.907%


2,697


11,274


12,454


64,694


12,884


6498


Ellington


57S


1.648


1,168


4.895


782


2.59


73.2934


3.553


13,574


22,387


144.717


15.155


1,693


French Creek.


TSS


551


4.614


292


327


18.505元


1.745


6,038


2,226


58,050


2,218


1,002


Gerry


430


1.381


1,155


3,323


568


282


42.15%{


3,147


8,475


15.567


103,685


61,220


8:27


Hanover.


89S


2.599


2,365


4,659


1,664


8.235


66.542}


6,541} S,586


27,642


28.352


332,495


83,172


3,941


Kiantone


108


657


613


1,560


387


20.478


1,914


3,532


5.742


56,530


21.400


136


Mina.


331


1,548


1,002


2,101


456


38


28,2006


3.246


9,916


6,007


111.065


10,610


988


296


1.196


727


1,941


493


674


32.801


2,921


11.029


7,098


71,910


6,375


1,008


Portland


510


1.4:27


1.117


5,204


6.83


6.872}


49.098


4.7424


7,411


12,671


131,836


8,425


995


Ripley.


605


2.069


1.257 1.035


4.331


863.10.010


42.2584


4.332


8,288


22,202


105,786


54,706


1,619


Slerinau


409


1,218;


1,260


2,135


509


280


32.277


3.614}


11,554


3,243


143.745


14,100


1,497


Stockton


457


1.308


2 299


1.097


790


435


47.402


4.4184


11,243


24.300


212,923


179,472


1,245


Villenova ..


457


1.368;


1.451


3,285


919


3251


44.113


3.492


14,772


14.529


168,087


36,509


2.990}


Westfield.


585


2.198


1.200


6,094


695


7,901


48.875


5,5111


7,504


9,349


112,064


5,214


515


Total


13,047:40.844 36,046 90.154|21.105 69,1572 1.217,9582 105,672


282,451


368,115 3,389,837 1,198,361


35,258


5


205


Kiantone.


6,040


4,234


208.446


85,075


293.521


257


233


96


96


91


Pomfret


21,588


10,9414


1,631,057


3:20,540


1,951,597


4,754


4,403


1,627


1,841


1046


20


3,063


.6,66Sł


16,44Sł


190,516


4,025


194.541


400


366


153


153


146


7


Horses.


Working


Ocen and


Calves.


CowR.


Sheep.


Sicine.


Winter.


Spring.


Domestic. Cloths, in Yards.


BUSH. OF GRAIN.


DAIRY PRODUCTS.


NAMES OF TOWNS.


LIVE STOCK.


AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.


2,201


Harmony


1,076


3.710


3,312


5.845


1,741


1,896;


6.936


64.938


6,7592


12,870


19,037


175,368


91.509


848


Pomfret


1.199


2.073


2,748


3,785


8,740


976: 10.058


55.968₺


5.371


7.443


9,016


122,800


17,425


1.221


Sheridan.


481


1.690;


235


2.97S


96.7794


17,706


30,058


229.772


58,300


Poland


246


675


No. of


13


1,092


316


Apples.


CHEMUNG COUNTY.


THIS county was formed from Tioga, Mareh 29, 1836.1 A portion of Schuyler was taken off in 1854. It lies upon the s. border of the State, is eentrally distant 158 mi. from Albany, and contains 406 sq. mi. Its surface is principally a hilly upland broken by the deep ravines of the streams. The highest points are 400 to 600 ft. above the valleys and 1300 to 1500 ft. above tide. The ridges extend in a general N. and s. direction, and have steep declivities and broad and rolling summits. A deep valley, extending s. from Seneea Lake, divides the highlands into two general systems, and forus an easy communication between the Susquehanna Valley and the een- tral portions of the State. Chemung River flows s. E. through the s. part of the co. and euts the ridges diagonally. Wide alluvial flats, bordered by steep hillsides, extend aloug nearly its whole course. Catharine Creek flows N. through the central valley aud discharges its waters into Seneca Lake. The other principal streams, all tributaries of the Chemuug, are Post, Sing Sing,2 Newtown, Goldsmith, Wynkoops,3 and Cayuta Creeks from the N., and IIendy and Seely Creeks from the s. The valleys of these streams are generally uarrow, and are bordered by steep hills. The valleys of the smaller streams are mere ravines and gulleys.


The principal roeks in the co. belong to the shales and sandstones of the Chemung group. In the N. part the roeks of the Portage group are exposed in the ravines. The sandstone is quarried in several places, and furnishes a good quality of stone for building and flagging. Bog irou ore and marl are found to a limited extent. The soil is a gravelly and sandy loam, intermixed in some places with clay. The valleys are covered with a deep, rich alluvium. The highlands are best adapted to pasturage. The people are principally engaged in agriculture. Until withiu a few years, lumbering has formed a leading pursuit;4 but since the disappearance of the fine forests this business has been mostly superseded by stock and wool growing and dairying. Siuce the eom- pletion of the railroads and eanals, commerce and manufactures have received cousiderable atten- tion, although they are still subordinate to the agricultural interests of the co.


The county seat is located at Elmira, upon Chemung River.5 The courthouse and jail are located near the center of the village, E. of the eaual. The jail is poorly arranged, and in construction it meets neither the requirements of humanity nor the law. The average number of inmates is 12, kept at a eost of $2 50 per week each. The poorhouse is located upon a farm of 180 acres in the town of Horseheads, on the liue of Eriu. The average number of inmates is 70, supported at a cost of $.80 each per week. The farm yields a revenue of $1000.6 The Chemung Canal extends s. from Seneca Lake through the central valley to Chemung River at Elmira, forming a direct connection with the great chain of internal water navigatiou of the State. A navigable feeder from Corning, Steuben co., forms a junction with the canal on the summit level at Horseheads Village. Junction Canal extends several mi. along the Chemung, affording navigation at points where the river is obstructed by rapids and narrows. The New York & Erie R. R. extends along Chemung River through Chemung, Southport, Elmira, and Big Flats. The Chemuug R. R. extends N. from Elmira through Horseheads and Veteran. The Williamsport & Elmira R. R. extends s. from Elmira through Southport into Penn., forming a direct line to Philadelphia.


One daily and 2 weekly newspapers are published in this eo.7


1 Name derived from the principal river. signifies " Big horn," or " Ilorn in the water." It is called by the Delawares Con-on- gue, a word of the same signification. These names were ap- plied to the stream in consequence of numbers of immense deers' borns having from time to time heen discovered in the water. In his " Views of Elmira," Solomon Southwick says that the Indian name of the Chemung was Con-e-wa-wa, signifying " a head on a pole."


2 Named from John Sing Sing, a friendly Indian.


8 Named from Win. Wynkoop, an early settler.


4 For many years 10.000,000 ft. of pine Inmber were floated down the Chemung and Susquehanna from Elmira annually.


6 Upon the erection of Tioga co. Elmira, then " Newtown," was made half shire; and upon The erection of Chemung co. in 1836 it was designated as the county seat, and the old co. buildings were taken for the use of the new co. The first co. officers were


Joseph L. Darling, First Judge; Andrew K. Gregg, District _it- torney; Isaac Baldwin, County Clerk; Albert A. Beckwith, Sheriff; and Lyman Cuvill. Surrogate.


6 The poorhouse is entirely inadequate for the comfort or health of the inmates. Mauy insane persons are confined. with- out proper care or medical attendance. No school is lo pt, but at proper age the children are bound ont.


" The Telegraph, the first paper published in the co .. war estali- lished at " Newtown" (now Elmira. ) by Prindte & Murphy at an early period. In 1816 it was issued as


The Fidette by Priudle & Murphy, and subsequently in Wni. Murphy.


The Investigator was commenced at Elmira, in 1520, ly Job Smith. In 1822 ils name was changed to


The Tioga Register, and in IS28 to


The Elinira Gazette, and its publication was ccatinned


218


219


CHIEMUNG COUNTY.


In 1779, Gen. Sullivau and his army entered the co. from the s. by the way of Chemung River. Below " Newtown Point" (now Elwira) he encamped and threw up a breastwork, which was afterward called Fort Sullivan. At this point he first encountered the Indians and tories iu force, and on the 29th of Aug. a battle ensued. The Indians wore commanded by Brant, and the tories were led by Cols. Butler and Johnson. After an obstinate engagement of two hours, the enemy gave way at all points and fled, and no more resistance was offered to the advance of the American army. The first settlements were made from 1787 to 1790, by immigrants from Penn., who had accompanied Sullivan in his expedition. They located principally iu the valley of the Chemung, at Elmira, Southport, and Big Flats. Soon after, settlements were made at Catlin and Veteran, by immigrants from Conn .; at Erin, by Dutch and Scotch from N. J. and Del .; and at Chemung, by immigrants from Lancaster co., Penn.1 The portion of the co. lying s. of the Che- mung River was ineluded in a royal grant made previous to 1775. The remaining parts of the co. were included in the Watkins and Flint purchase.


BALDWIN ?- was formed from Chemung, April 7, 1856. It lies s. E. of the center of the co., and a narrow strip extends to the E. border. Its surface is a lilly upland, broken by the deep valleys of Baldwin and Wyukoops Creeks. The soil upon the hills is a clayey and shaly loam underlaid by hardpan, and in the valleys a gravelly loam. Hammonds Corners (North Chemung p. o.) contains a church, tannery, and 18 houses. Henry Sice made the first settlement, a little x. of the village, in 1813, and Warren and Charles Grauger settled at the village in 1814.3 The ouly church in town (Union) was formed in 1852, by Dr. Murdock, the first preacher.


BIG FLATS-was formed from Elmira, April 16, 1822. It lies upon the w. border of the eo., s. of the center. Its surface consists of a broken upland in the N. and s., separated by a wide intervale or flat, which extends N. E. from the Chemung through the eenter aud gives name to the town. Chemung River receives several small tributaries from the N., the principal of which is Sing Sing Creek. The soil is a slaty loam upon the hills, and a productive gravelly loam iu the valleys. Tobacco is raised in considerable quantities upon the flats.4 Big Flats, (p. v.,) situ- ated in the valley near the w. border of the town, is a station upou the N. Y. & Eric R. R. Pop. 180. The first settlement was made by Christian Miner, from Penn., in 1787.5 The first church (Bap.) was formed in 1807. Rev. Roswell Goff was the first preacher.6


CATLIN-was forined from Catharine, Schuyler co., April 16, 1823. It is the N. w. corner town of the co. The surface is a hilly uplaud, the highest summits being 200 to 400 feet above the valleys. The principal streams are Post and Sing Sing Creeks and Hubbards Run. The soil is chiefly a gravelly loam, and is best adapted to grazing. There is no village or church in town.


by Mr. Smith until 1831. It was successively issned by / The Daily Press was commenced in 1859, by Dumas, Van Brinton Paine, Cyrus Pratt, Pratt & Beardsley, Mason & Gelder & Paiuc, its present publishers. Rhodes, Geo. W. Mason, and Win. C. Mason, until 1857, when it passed into the hands of S. C. Taber, by wbom it is still published.


The Elmira Republican was commenced in 1820, and in 1828 it was changed to


The Elmira Whig, and published by James Durham, In 1829 it was changed again to


The Elmira Republican, and issued by C. Morgan. It was soon after called


The Elmira Republican and Canal Advertiser. In 1831 it passed into the hands of John Duffy, and its name was changed back to


The Elmira Republican. It was successively issued by Birdsall & Huntley, Ransom & Birdsall, Polly & Carter, Polly & Cook, Polly & Huntley, S. B. & G. C. Fairman, G. C. Fairman, Fairman & Baldwin, Baldwin & Dumas, and -- Calhoun, until 1857, when it was discontinued.


The Elmira Daily Republican was issued a short time in 1846. The Daily Republican was issued from tho Republicau office from the fall of 1851 to 1855.


The Elmira Advertiser was commenced in 1853 by Fairman Brothers. Iu 1856 F. A. De Voe became in- terested iu the publication, aud the paper is still issued by Fairman & De Voe.


The Elmira Daily Advertiser was commenced simultaneously with the weekly, and is still issued, by the same publishers.


The Elmire Daily Democrat was issued a short time iu 1851 by J. Taylor & S. C. Taber.


The Chemung Patriot was published in 1837 at Horseheads by J. T. Bradt.


The Philosopher was commenced at Ilorscheads, April 7, 1855, by Sam'l C. Taber, and was continued uutil 1857, when it was merged in The Elmira Gazette.


The Temperance Gem (mo.) was published at Elmira about 1850. 1 Louis Philippe, the Duke de Nemours. and the Duke de Berri, visited Elmira in 1797. having traveled on foot to that place from Canandaigua, a distance of 70 mi. They went down the river to Harrisburgh upon an ark.


2 Named from Baldwin Creek, which received its nanie from. Isaac, Walter, and Thomas Baldwin, brothers, who settled at an early period at the month of the creek. It was formerly called Butlers Creek. They were attached to Gen. Sullivan's expedi- tion against the Indians iu 1778-79, and Walter was wounded at the battle of Newtown.


8 The first child born was Simeon Hammond, and the first death was that of Thos. Wheeler, killed by the fall of a tree. The first school was tanght by Polly Blandin, a little N. of the village. D. R. Harris kept the first inu, aud Miles Covel the first store, N. of the village.


4 In 1850, Sanford Elmore, from Conn., commenced the culti- vation of tobacco in this town, and it has since become a staple product. In 1858 nearly 1000 acres were devoted to it, and 250 tons of the Coun. seed leaf were produced.


6 Caleb Gardner and Henry Starell. from Penn., settled on the river below Miner in the samo or the next year. Geo. Gard- her settled at the village in 1788, Clark Winans on the river in 1789, and Jobn Winters. Jesse aud Joel Rowley, and Geo. Gardner, jr., all from Penn .. in 1790. The first birth was that of Christian Miner. jr., in 1790; the first marriage, that of Wn. Applegate and Catharine Miner; and the first death, that of T. Dolson. Cornelius McGinnis taught the first school, near the village: John Hay kept the first store, and Capt. Geo. Gardner the first inn at the village. The first gristmill was erected by Robt. Miller. E. of the village.




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