USA > New York > Gazetteer of the State of New York: embracing a comprehensive view of the geography, geology, and general history of the State, and a complete history and description of every county, city, town, village, and locality, Part 1 > Part 52
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I Low Minegar. Benj. Barrett. Zaten Cushing. -- Barnes. | Lot 10, and Win. Alexander. all of whom came in 1804; Silas --- Cole, and - Geer settled, in 1-04 and '05. ar and near Baird settled on Lot 6. and Ira Loomis in town. in 1806; Chas. Fredonia. Timothy Goulding settled I mi. w. of the harbor, in ' Forsyth in 1:08. The first school was taught by Ann Riddle. a 150S. Solomon Chadwick located at Dunkirk in 150g, and -- little w. of Quincy. in 1810. The first inn was kept near the Gaylord, Daniel Pier, and Luther Goulding soon after. Sammel State line, by Sam'l Truesdail, in 1805 Perry brought the first vessel into the harbor, in 1810. The " The census reports 5 churches; 2 Presb., M. E., Bap., anu Cuion. first death was that of a danghter of Oliver Woodcock. 12 years of age, killed by the fall of a tree in 1808. The first school was 7 Jerrard Griswold. John Walker, Orsamns and Alanson taught by Samuel Perry, at Fredonia, in the Winter of 1508-09. Holmes, and Uriah Lee. From Eastern New York, settled near Thos. MeChntock kept the first inn, in 1809, and E. Risley the first store, in 1808, at Fredonia. Baker. Berry & Co. built the first sawmill and gristmill, in 1807, on Canadaway Creek.
the center in 1804-05: Wm. Griswold, from Conn., on Lot 35. in 1-15: and Rev. John Spencer, from Com., at the center, in 1807. The first birth was that of Jos. Ellicott, son of Alansou Holmes. 2 The census reports 11 churches; 3 Bap,, 2 Prot. E .. 2 Presb., I'm the spring of 1805; the first marriage, that of Benj. Parrows 2 M. E., Christian, and R. C.
8 In 1806, Nathan, Elisha, and Nath'l Fay setiled ou Lot 95. Peter Kane on Lot 38, John Price on Lot 34. David Easog on Laut 57. and Benj. Hutchins in the same virimty. The hrs; forthe was that of George W. Dunn, Jan. 18, 1su7: the tist mio flage. that of Absalom Harris and Folly Kane, in lol4; and the best the first gristmill. in 1907. on Brighams Creek. death. that of Mrs. Nathan Fay, in 18:7. The first >cloud Was thought by Anna Hatons, on the premises of Capt base. in the wmnmer of isto. The first inn was kept near Centerv.h. by fiod. Dimm. in 1su8, and the first store by Thos. Clump ta !5. in the w. part of the town. Mar- Sage and Win, Frische luft the first sawmills, near the lder shore. The first gristiaill was built at Saleh
4 The census reports 6 churches; 2 Bap., 2 M. E. Prot. Meth. and Cong.
and Betsey Stebbins, in 1807-08; and the first death, that of Manson Holmes, in the fall of 1505. The first school was taught by Wm. Griswold. in the winter of 1808-09, at his own hnedise. Denus Johnes kept the list inn. W. of the center. in 180%, and Ch-ha Gray the first store, the same year. Haven Brigham built
& The census reporta 3 churches; Presb., Bap .. and Wes. Meth. " Named in honor of Roger Sherman, one of the signers of the Davaration of Imdependence.
" In the same year. Ta vey W. Golf settled on Lot 30, Lester 11. Dewey on Lot St. Ofis Shimmer on Lot 32. and Hiram N Files-on ơn Lot 24. The first child horn was Amasa Dormas. in 1524: the first marriage. that of bester R. Dewey and Fanny Intersoto, in IS25; and the first death. that of - Arnold. in 1-2i, chris Skinner tanght the first school. in his own house, in 1.25. Jestli Keeler kept the first store and inn, on Lot 27. in
6 Named in honor of Gen. Ebeour W Ripley. Among the other early settlers were Perry G. Ellsworth. on Lot 12, near Quincy. 1220. Alanson Weed erected the first mill, on Lot 30 in 1825. Samuel Truesdail, near the Pean. line, Alexander Cochrane, on .
216
CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY.
tled on Lot 31. The first religious meeting (Bap.) was held at the house of Jonathan Reynolds, by Elder Spencer ; and the first church (Cong.) was formed in 1826.1
STOCKTON ?- was formed from Chautauqua, Feb. 9, 1821. A part of Ellery was annexed in 1850. It is an interior town, lying a little N. of the center of the co. Its surface is a rolling and hilly upland. Cassadaga and Bcar Lakes, two small bodies of water near the N. border, give rise to Cassadaga and Bear Creeks. These streams unite in the s. part of the town. Thic soil upon the upland is a clay loam, and in the valleys a sandy loam. Delanti, (Stockton p. o.,) near the center, contains 3 churches, a grist and saw-mill, and 180 inhabitants. Cassadaga, (p. v.,) upon Cassadaga Lake, in the N. E. corner, contains a church, a sawmill, and 151 inhabit- ants. South Stockton, in the s. E. part, and Oregon, in the s., are p. offices. The first settlement was made in the s. part of the town, in 1810, by Shadrack Scofield, David Waterbury, and Henry Walker, from Saratoga co.8 The first church (Bap.) was organized in the s. part, in 1815.4
VILLENOVA-was taken from Hanover, Jan. 24, 1823. A part of Arkwright was taken off in 1829. It lies upon the E. border of the eo., N. of the center. Its surface is rolling in the S. E., and broken and hilly in the center and N. The highest summit is 900 ft. above Lake Erie. Two small lakes-one on the N. and the other on the w. border-form the sources of the two branches of Connewango Creek, which unite in the s. E. corner. The soil is a clay and gravelly loam. Omar, (Hamlet p. o., ) a little s. w. of the center, contains 2 churches, a grist and saw mill, and 181 inhabitants. Villenova is a p. o. at Connewango Forks, in the s. E. part. The first settlement was made in 1810, on Lot 3, by Daniel Whipple, from Herkimer co., originally from Mass.5 The first religious meeting was held by Rev. Mr. Dunham; and the first church (M. E.) was formed in 1812. There are 3 churches in town; M. E., Wes. Meth., and F. W. Bap.
WESTFIELD-was formed from Portland and Ripley, March 19, 1829. It lics upon Lake Erie, w. of the center of the co. The surface is level or rolling along the lake, and hilly in the center and s. It is drained by Chautauqua and Little Chautauqua Creeks and several smaller streams flowing into the lake. The soil is a clay and gravelly loam. Westfield,6 (p. v., ) upon Chautauqua Creek, about 2 mi. from the lake, was incorp. April 19, 1833. It contains 4 churches, 2 banks, a weekly newspaper, the Westfield Academy, an agricultural implement factory, a hard- ware factory, woolen factory, eotton mill, and 3 flouring mills. Pop. 1,433. Barcelona, (p. v.,) a port of entry upon the lake, contains 169 inhabitants. Volusia is a p. o. in the s. part of the town. The first settlement was made in 1801, by Edward McHenry, from Penn." The first church (Presb.) was organized in 1807, by Rev. John Linsley.8
1 The census reports 5 churches; Cong., Bap., F. W. Bap., M. E., and Univ.
2 Named in honor of Richard Stockton, a signer of tho De- claration of Independence.
8 The first child born was Wm. Walker, Ang. 25, 1811. Abigail Durfey taught the first school, in the s. part, in the summer of 1815. The first inn was kept by Ichabod Fisher, at Cassadaga, in 1811, and the first store by James Haywood, at Delanti, in 1817. Ilines, Lazell & Nelson built the first gristmill, at De- lanti, on Bear Creek, in 1819.
4 The census reports 6 churches; 3 Bap., Cong., Christian, and Univ.
5 Among the other early settlers were Daniel Wright, from Herkimer co., on Lot 19, Villeroy Balcomb, John Kent, and Eli Arnold. The first child born was Electa Whipple. May 5, 1812; the first marriage, that of Jas. Maffit and Mary Dighton ; and the first death, that of John Arnold, in 1811. Mrs. Battles taught the first school, in her own house, near Wrights Corners, in 1815. Norris & Grover kept the first store, and Villeroy Bal- comb the first inn, at Wrights Corners, in 1829. John Kent
erected the first sawmill, in 1815, on the Connewango, below tho Forks; and a gristmill was attached in 1818.
6 The business of this place was ruined by the finishing of the N. Y. & Erie R. R. to Dunkirk. A lighthouse here is lighted by gas obtained from a gas spring, on the bank of the creek, about a mile distant.
7 Among the other early settlers were Arthur Bell and James Montgomery, from Penn., who located a little w. of Westfield Vil- lage, Abraham Fredrick, from Penn., on Lot 71, and Dan'l Kin- kaid, on Lot 14, all in 1802; and Gen. John and Jas. McMahan, on the present site of the village, in 1803. The first child born was John McHenry. in 1802; the first marriage, that of James Montgomery and Sarah Taylor, June 30, 1805; and the first death, that of Edward McHenry, drowned by the upsetting of a small boat on Lake Erie, in 1803. John McMahan erected the first sawmill and gristmill, in 1804, on and near the month of Chantanqua Creek. Edward MeHenry kept the first inn, In 1802, and Jas. Atkins the first store, in 1808, at Westfield Vil- lage. The first school was taught by Wm. Murray, in 1803.
8 The census reports 7 churches; 2 M. E., Presb., Prot. E., Wes. Meth., Bap., and Univ.
217
CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY.
Acres of Land, Valuation, Population, Dwellings, Familics, Freeholders, Schools, Live Stock, Agricultural Products, and Domestic Manufacturcs, of Chautauqua County.
ACRES OF LAND.
VALUATION OF 1858.
POPULATION.
SCHOOLS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Real Estate.
Personal
Property.
Total.
Males.
Females.
No. of Dwellings.
No. of Families.
Freeholders.
Districts.
Children taught.
Arkwright
12.256
9,199
$287,734
$18,300
$306.034
561
549
202
205
187
10
463
Busti,
18,399
11,342
562,566
20,650
583,215
940
980
3.54
375
339
Carrol
6,712
12,755
271,874
31.175
303.049
698
₹10
267
278
274
9
551
Charlotte.
12,696
8,658
386,336
73,655
459,991
845
8:27
329
337
327
12
677
Chautauqua
25.318
19,617
784,050
139,230
923,280
1,324
1,267
5:20
521
418
18
Cherry Creek.
11,090
14,477
247,170
9,450
256,620
632
594
216
258
234
9
437
Clymer
9,260
13,965
229,812
10,800
240,612
607
557
234
216
211
8
462
Ellery.
19,598₺
10,800
546,627
31,950
578,577
972
893
348
355
327
12
549
Ellicott ..
9,9514
9,298,
750,119
333,276
1,083,395
1,971
1,964
715
757
409
19
1,554
Ellington_
14,171
8,675
340,556
64,250
404,806
97.2
958
374
407
364
11
941
French Creek Gerry.
11.917
9,837
285,065
21,010
306,075
635
623
242
253
211
8
489
Hanover
21,011
11,736₺
952,119
137,450
1,089,569
2.057
2,044
798
815
641
17
1,590
Harmony
28,728
25,805
821,779
117,580
939.359
1,742
1,701
713
707
621
26
1,405
Mina
10,103}
12,786
245,841
9,475
255,316
522
514
199
200
192
11
500
Poland.
8,5341
13,386
252,535
11,100
263.635
702
623
251
245
206
10
548
Portland
15.330분
5,504
507,222
45,459
552,711
978
958
136
373
303
11
652
Ripley
16,696
12,630
646,470
82.600
7:29,070
852
851
319
331
281
12
699
Sheridan.
15,559€
6,719
630,235
54,300
684.535
763
828
318
335
295
9
582
Sherman
11.499
12.638
305.409
33.600
339,009
652
662
268
274
240
9
441
Stockton.
16,028
12,900↓
439,836
33,950
473,786
869
819
343
350
319
12
621
Villenova.
12,759}
9,521
323,081
36,150
359,231
7:21
692
290
315
264
12
493
Westfield
18,194₺
10,272
1,082.696
164,860
1,247,556
1,675
1,663
646
569
582
17
1,126
Total
360,110 294,145} |12.929,150
1,889,940
14.819,090 27,101 26.279
9.988
10,566
8,528
1:307
20,091
Tons of Hay.
Bushels of
Potatoes.
Bushels of
Pounds
Butter.
Pounds
Cheese.
Arkwright
391
1.376
1,348
2,174
6471
545
37.1294
2,906
10,188
11.252
99.029
120.515
1,784
Busti.
639
2,040
1,925
5.749
863.
735
75,70%
5,810
15.196
20.559
195,463
51,780
1,427
Carrol ..
266
1,039
534
1,675
380
1,480
26.429
2 542
7,957
7,219
50,460
4.700
1,765
Charlotte.
349
1.517
1.429
1,001
652
90
46.740
3.339
10,685
10.154
139,761
70,280
781
Chautauqua
861
2.391
2,799
4.001
1.539
1,456
71,100
8.250
13.703
26,196
279.574
115.272
7:26
Cherry Creek.
375
1,367
981
2,077
571
567.
40.2431
2.736
9.088
12.448
10,782
20,580
2,612
Clymer
303
1,230
1,012
1.624
483
8856
28.5794
2.512
12.272
3,915
95.669
16,741
1,931}
Ellery.
784
1.962
2,033
3.813
1,743
5,625
86,337}
4.985
13.091
32.104
173.569
119,439
1.855
Ellicott.
413
954
725
3.832
402
1.625
41.907%
2,697
11,274
12,454
64,694
12,884
6498
Ellington
57S
1.648
1,168
4.895
782
2.59
73.2934
3.553
13,574
22,387
144.717
15.155
1,693
French Creek.
TSS
551
4.614
292
327
18.505元
1.745
6,038
2,226
58,050
2,218
1,002
Gerry
430
1.381
1,155
3,323
568
282
42.15%{
3,147
8,475
15.567
103,685
61,220
8:27
Hanover.
89S
2.599
2,365
4,659
1,664
8.235
66.542}
6,541} S,586
27,642
28.352
332,495
83,172
3,941
Kiantone
108
657
613
1,560
387
20.478
1,914
3,532
5.742
56,530
21.400
136
Mina.
331
1,548
1,002
2,101
456
38
28,2006
3.246
9,916
6,007
111.065
10,610
988
296
1.196
727
1,941
493
674
32.801
2,921
11.029
7,098
71,910
6,375
1,008
Portland
510
1.4:27
1.117
5,204
6.83
6.872}
49.098
4.7424
7,411
12,671
131,836
8,425
995
Ripley.
605
2.069
1.257 1.035
4.331
863.10.010
42.2584
4.332
8,288
22,202
105,786
54,706
1,619
Slerinau
409
1,218;
1,260
2,135
509
280
32.277
3.614}
11,554
3,243
143.745
14,100
1,497
Stockton
457
1.308
2 299
1.097
790
435
47.402
4.4184
11,243
24.300
212,923
179,472
1,245
Villenova ..
457
1.368;
1.451
3,285
919
3251
44.113
3.492
14,772
14.529
168,087
36,509
2.990}
Westfield.
585
2.198
1.200
6,094
695
7,901
48.875
5,5111
7,504
9,349
112,064
5,214
515
Total
13,047:40.844 36,046 90.154|21.105 69,1572 1.217,9582 105,672
282,451
368,115 3,389,837 1,198,361
35,258
5
205
Kiantone.
6,040
4,234
208.446
85,075
293.521
257
233
96
96
91
Pomfret
21,588
10,9414
1,631,057
3:20,540
1,951,597
4,754
4,403
1,627
1,841
1046
20
3,063
.6,66Sł
16,44Sł
190,516
4,025
194.541
400
366
153
153
146
7
Horses.
Working
Ocen and
Calves.
CowR.
Sheep.
Sicine.
Winter.
Spring.
Domestic. Cloths, in Yards.
BUSH. OF GRAIN.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
NAMES OF TOWNS.
LIVE STOCK.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
2,201
Harmony
1,076
3.710
3,312
5.845
1,741
1,896;
6.936
64.938
6,7592
12,870
19,037
175,368
91.509
848
Pomfret
1.199
2.073
2,748
3,785
8,740
976: 10.058
55.968₺
5.371
7.443
9,016
122,800
17,425
1.221
Sheridan.
481
1.690;
235
2.97S
96.7794
17,706
30,058
229.772
58,300
Poland
246
675
No. of
13
1,092
316
Apples.
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
THIS county was formed from Tioga, Mareh 29, 1836.1 A portion of Schuyler was taken off in 1854. It lies upon the s. border of the State, is eentrally distant 158 mi. from Albany, and contains 406 sq. mi. Its surface is principally a hilly upland broken by the deep ravines of the streams. The highest points are 400 to 600 ft. above the valleys and 1300 to 1500 ft. above tide. The ridges extend in a general N. and s. direction, and have steep declivities and broad and rolling summits. A deep valley, extending s. from Seneea Lake, divides the highlands into two general systems, and forus an easy communication between the Susquehanna Valley and the een- tral portions of the State. Chemung River flows s. E. through the s. part of the co. and euts the ridges diagonally. Wide alluvial flats, bordered by steep hillsides, extend aloug nearly its whole course. Catharine Creek flows N. through the central valley aud discharges its waters into Seneca Lake. The other principal streams, all tributaries of the Chemuug, are Post, Sing Sing,2 Newtown, Goldsmith, Wynkoops,3 and Cayuta Creeks from the N., and IIendy and Seely Creeks from the s. The valleys of these streams are generally uarrow, and are bordered by steep hills. The valleys of the smaller streams are mere ravines and gulleys.
The principal roeks in the co. belong to the shales and sandstones of the Chemung group. In the N. part the roeks of the Portage group are exposed in the ravines. The sandstone is quarried in several places, and furnishes a good quality of stone for building and flagging. Bog irou ore and marl are found to a limited extent. The soil is a gravelly and sandy loam, intermixed in some places with clay. The valleys are covered with a deep, rich alluvium. The highlands are best adapted to pasturage. The people are principally engaged in agriculture. Until withiu a few years, lumbering has formed a leading pursuit;4 but since the disappearance of the fine forests this business has been mostly superseded by stock and wool growing and dairying. Siuce the eom- pletion of the railroads and eanals, commerce and manufactures have received cousiderable atten- tion, although they are still subordinate to the agricultural interests of the co.
The county seat is located at Elmira, upon Chemung River.5 The courthouse and jail are located near the center of the village, E. of the eaual. The jail is poorly arranged, and in construction it meets neither the requirements of humanity nor the law. The average number of inmates is 12, kept at a eost of $2 50 per week each. The poorhouse is located upon a farm of 180 acres in the town of Horseheads, on the liue of Eriu. The average number of inmates is 70, supported at a cost of $.80 each per week. The farm yields a revenue of $1000.6 The Chemung Canal extends s. from Seneca Lake through the central valley to Chemung River at Elmira, forming a direct connection with the great chain of internal water navigatiou of the State. A navigable feeder from Corning, Steuben co., forms a junction with the canal on the summit level at Horseheads Village. Junction Canal extends several mi. along the Chemung, affording navigation at points where the river is obstructed by rapids and narrows. The New York & Erie R. R. extends along Chemung River through Chemung, Southport, Elmira, and Big Flats. The Chemuug R. R. extends N. from Elmira through Horseheads and Veteran. The Williamsport & Elmira R. R. extends s. from Elmira through Southport into Penn., forming a direct line to Philadelphia.
One daily and 2 weekly newspapers are published in this eo.7
1 Name derived from the principal river. signifies " Big horn," or " Ilorn in the water." It is called by the Delawares Con-on- gue, a word of the same signification. These names were ap- plied to the stream in consequence of numbers of immense deers' borns having from time to time heen discovered in the water. In his " Views of Elmira," Solomon Southwick says that the Indian name of the Chemung was Con-e-wa-wa, signifying " a head on a pole."
2 Named from John Sing Sing, a friendly Indian.
8 Named from Win. Wynkoop, an early settler.
4 For many years 10.000,000 ft. of pine Inmber were floated down the Chemung and Susquehanna from Elmira annually.
6 Upon the erection of Tioga co. Elmira, then " Newtown," was made half shire; and upon The erection of Chemung co. in 1836 it was designated as the county seat, and the old co. buildings were taken for the use of the new co. The first co. officers were
Joseph L. Darling, First Judge; Andrew K. Gregg, District _it- torney; Isaac Baldwin, County Clerk; Albert A. Beckwith, Sheriff; and Lyman Cuvill. Surrogate.
6 The poorhouse is entirely inadequate for the comfort or health of the inmates. Mauy insane persons are confined. with- out proper care or medical attendance. No school is lo pt, but at proper age the children are bound ont.
" The Telegraph, the first paper published in the co .. war estali- lished at " Newtown" (now Elmira. ) by Prindte & Murphy at an early period. In 1816 it was issued as
The Fidette by Priudle & Murphy, and subsequently in Wni. Murphy.
The Investigator was commenced at Elmira, in 1520, ly Job Smith. In 1822 ils name was changed to
The Tioga Register, and in IS28 to
The Elinira Gazette, and its publication was ccatinned
218
219
CHIEMUNG COUNTY.
In 1779, Gen. Sullivau and his army entered the co. from the s. by the way of Chemung River. Below " Newtown Point" (now Elwira) he encamped and threw up a breastwork, which was afterward called Fort Sullivan. At this point he first encountered the Indians and tories iu force, and on the 29th of Aug. a battle ensued. The Indians wore commanded by Brant, and the tories were led by Cols. Butler and Johnson. After an obstinate engagement of two hours, the enemy gave way at all points and fled, and no more resistance was offered to the advance of the American army. The first settlements were made from 1787 to 1790, by immigrants from Penn., who had accompanied Sullivan in his expedition. They located principally iu the valley of the Chemung, at Elmira, Southport, and Big Flats. Soon after, settlements were made at Catlin and Veteran, by immigrants from Conn .; at Erin, by Dutch and Scotch from N. J. and Del .; and at Chemung, by immigrants from Lancaster co., Penn.1 The portion of the co. lying s. of the Che- mung River was ineluded in a royal grant made previous to 1775. The remaining parts of the co. were included in the Watkins and Flint purchase.
BALDWIN ?- was formed from Chemung, April 7, 1856. It lies s. E. of the center of the co., and a narrow strip extends to the E. border. Its surface is a lilly upland, broken by the deep valleys of Baldwin and Wyukoops Creeks. The soil upon the hills is a clayey and shaly loam underlaid by hardpan, and in the valleys a gravelly loam. Hammonds Corners (North Chemung p. o.) contains a church, tannery, and 18 houses. Henry Sice made the first settlement, a little x. of the village, in 1813, and Warren and Charles Grauger settled at the village in 1814.3 The ouly church in town (Union) was formed in 1852, by Dr. Murdock, the first preacher.
BIG FLATS-was formed from Elmira, April 16, 1822. It lies upon the w. border of the eo., s. of the center. Its surface consists of a broken upland in the N. and s., separated by a wide intervale or flat, which extends N. E. from the Chemung through the eenter aud gives name to the town. Chemung River receives several small tributaries from the N., the principal of which is Sing Sing Creek. The soil is a slaty loam upon the hills, and a productive gravelly loam iu the valleys. Tobacco is raised in considerable quantities upon the flats.4 Big Flats, (p. v.,) situ- ated in the valley near the w. border of the town, is a station upou the N. Y. & Eric R. R. Pop. 180. The first settlement was made by Christian Miner, from Penn., in 1787.5 The first church (Bap.) was formed in 1807. Rev. Roswell Goff was the first preacher.6
CATLIN-was forined from Catharine, Schuyler co., April 16, 1823. It is the N. w. corner town of the co. The surface is a hilly uplaud, the highest summits being 200 to 400 feet above the valleys. The principal streams are Post and Sing Sing Creeks and Hubbards Run. The soil is chiefly a gravelly loam, and is best adapted to grazing. There is no village or church in town.
by Mr. Smith until 1831. It was successively issned by / The Daily Press was commenced in 1859, by Dumas, Van Brinton Paine, Cyrus Pratt, Pratt & Beardsley, Mason & Gelder & Paiuc, its present publishers. Rhodes, Geo. W. Mason, and Win. C. Mason, until 1857, when it passed into the hands of S. C. Taber, by wbom it is still published.
The Elmira Republican was commenced in 1820, and in 1828 it was changed to
The Elmira Whig, and published by James Durham, In 1829 it was changed again to
The Elmira Republican, and issued by C. Morgan. It was soon after called
The Elmira Republican and Canal Advertiser. In 1831 it passed into the hands of John Duffy, and its name was changed back to
The Elmira Republican. It was successively issued by Birdsall & Huntley, Ransom & Birdsall, Polly & Carter, Polly & Cook, Polly & Huntley, S. B. & G. C. Fairman, G. C. Fairman, Fairman & Baldwin, Baldwin & Dumas, and -- Calhoun, until 1857, when it was discontinued.
The Elmira Daily Republican was issued a short time in 1846. The Daily Republican was issued from tho Republicau office from the fall of 1851 to 1855.
The Elmira Advertiser was commenced in 1853 by Fairman Brothers. Iu 1856 F. A. De Voe became in- terested iu the publication, aud the paper is still issued by Fairman & De Voe.
The Elmira Daily Advertiser was commenced simultaneously with the weekly, and is still issued, by the same publishers.
The Elmire Daily Democrat was issued a short time iu 1851 by J. Taylor & S. C. Taber.
The Chemung Patriot was published in 1837 at Horseheads by J. T. Bradt.
The Philosopher was commenced at Ilorscheads, April 7, 1855, by Sam'l C. Taber, and was continued uutil 1857, when it was merged in The Elmira Gazette.
The Temperance Gem (mo.) was published at Elmira about 1850. 1 Louis Philippe, the Duke de Nemours. and the Duke de Berri, visited Elmira in 1797. having traveled on foot to that place from Canandaigua, a distance of 70 mi. They went down the river to Harrisburgh upon an ark.
2 Named from Baldwin Creek, which received its nanie from. Isaac, Walter, and Thomas Baldwin, brothers, who settled at an early period at the month of the creek. It was formerly called Butlers Creek. They were attached to Gen. Sullivan's expedi- tion against the Indians iu 1778-79, and Walter was wounded at the battle of Newtown.
8 The first child born was Simeon Hammond, and the first death was that of Thos. Wheeler, killed by the fall of a tree. The first school was tanght by Polly Blandin, a little N. of the village. D. R. Harris kept the first inu, aud Miles Covel the first store, N. of the village.
4 In 1850, Sanford Elmore, from Conn., commenced the culti- vation of tobacco in this town, and it has since become a staple product. In 1858 nearly 1000 acres were devoted to it, and 250 tons of the Coun. seed leaf were produced.
6 Caleb Gardner and Henry Starell. from Penn., settled on the river below Miner in the samo or the next year. Geo. Gard- her settled at the village in 1788, Clark Winans on the river in 1789, and Jobn Winters. Jesse aud Joel Rowley, and Geo. Gardner, jr., all from Penn .. in 1790. The first birth was that of Christian Miner. jr., in 1790; the first marriage, that of Wn. Applegate and Catharine Miner; and the first death, that of T. Dolson. Cornelius McGinnis taught the first school, near the village: John Hay kept the first store, and Capt. Geo. Gardner the first inn at the village. The first gristmill was erected by Robt. Miller. E. of the village.
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