USA > Pennsylvania > A gazetteer of the state of Pennsylvania : a part first, contains a general description of the state, its situation and extent, general geological construction, canals, and rail-roads, bridges, revenue, expenditures, public debt, &c. &c. ; part second, embraces ample descriptions of its counties, towns, cities, villages, mountains, lakes, rivers, creeks, &c. alphabetically arranged > Part 39
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Hammer creek, York co., rises in the state of Md., and runs N. through Manheim t-ship, Pa., to the line of Heidelberg t-ship, thence by a course of about 4 ms. N E. it unites with the W. branch of the Codorus cr. It is a mill stream.
Hamor's Store, p-t., Delaware co., 129 ms. from W. C., 93 S. E. from Harrisburg.
Hampton, p-t., of Reading t-ship, Adams co. on the turnpike r. leading from Carlisle to Baltimore, about 14 ms. N. E. of Gettysburg, 90 from W. C. and 28 S. W. of Harrisburg, con- tains 30 dwellings, 2 stores and 3 tav- erns, and about 180 inhabitants.
Hanna's town, p-o., Hempfield t- ship, Westmoreland co., 3 ms. N. E. of Greensburg, and near Crab-tree creek.
Hannahstown, a small village of Buffalo t-ship, Butler co. on the Free. port road, 8 ms. from Butler, contains half a dozen houses, 1 store and 1 tavern.
Hanover, t-ship, Northampton co., bounded N. by Allen t-ship, S. W. by Bethlehem, and S. and E. by Lehigh co. Greatest length 22 ms., greatest width 2 ms. ; surface level ; soil, limestone. Pop. in 1830, 348; taxa- bles in 1828, 65. It is drained by the Manokissy cr. which runs along its S. E. boundary.
Hanover, t-ship, Lehigh co., the only t-ship of that co. on the E. side of the Lehigh r. It is bounded N. by Allen t-ship, E. by Hanover and Beth. lehem, and S. by Lchigh t-ships, all of Northampton co., and on the W. by the Lehigh r. The Calesoque cr. flows into the Lehigh, which runs also
along the S. boundary, through its N. W. angle. The form of the t-ship is irregular. Its greatest length N. and S. is about 5 ms., breadth E. and W. 4 ms ; area 9600 acres ; surface level ; soil, limestone of excellent quality, well cultivated, and abundantly productive. Upon the line dividing it from Hano- ver t-ship, Northampton co., is a Lu- theran church. Its central distance from the borough of Nothampton, is about four miles N. E. The Allen- town chain bridge over the Lehigh, connects it with the town. Pop. in 1830, 1102; taxables in 1828, 212 ; taxable property, 1829, real estate, $239,468, personal, 8,760 ; rate of levy 13 cts. on the hundred dollars. Assessed value of lands per acre, 1st quality, $35, 2nd quality, $25, 3rd quality, $18.
Hanover, New, t-ship, Montgomery co., bounded N. by Upper Hanover t- ship, E. by Frederick, S. E. by Lime- rick, S. W. by Pottsgrove, and W. by Douglass. Greatest length 8 ms., greatest breadth 4} ; area about 13,000 acres. The W. branch of the Perkiomen cr. passes through the N. W. angle of the t-ship, and Swamp cr. centrally. The surface of the country is hilly, it being partly within the first great chain of hills which runs through the state. The population is- German, and have two churches upon opposite sides of a branch of Swamp cr., one of which is called the Swamp church, near which there is a p-o. The soil is loam and red shale ; tolera- bly productive. Pop. in 1830, 1344; taxables in 1828, 323. A mine, said to contain gold, was formerly wrought in this t-ship, and recent attempts have been made to work it, and some speci- mens of the ore have been exhibited. at Pottstown in the past year (1831). The p-o., called after the t-ship, is 150 ms. from W. C. and 75 from Harris- burg.
Hanover, Upper, t-ship, Montgome- ry co., bounded N. E. by Lehigh and Bucks cos., S. E. by Marlborough and Limerick, S. by New Hanover and Douglass, and W. by Berks co. Its
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greatest length is 6 ms., mean breadth 5. The central distance from Phila. 35 ms. N. W., and 22 N. W. of Nor- ristown. It is watered by the main stream and W. branch of the Perkio- men cr. The surface is very hilly ; soil, red shale. Pop. in 1830, 1300 ; taxables in 1828, 258. New Goshen- hoppen is a p-t. and small village een- trally situated in the forks of the Per- kiomen cr., 20 ms. N. of Norristown, 173 from W. C. and 84 from Harris- burg.
Hanover, East, t-ship, Lebanon co., bounded N. and W. by Dauphin co. E. by Swatara t-ship, S. by Annville and Londonderry t-ships. Centrally distant from the borough of Lebanon about 11 miles. Greatest length 11, breadth 6g ms. ; area 30,700 acres ; surface gentle declivities in the S .; the Blue mountain and the Second mountain cross the N. part ; soil, chief- ly gravel. Pop. in 1830, 2498; tax- ables 404. The Swatara er. follows the E. and S. boundaries, and receives from the t-ship Reed's run, Indian and Raccoon crs. It has a p-o. called " East Hanover," 131 ms. from W. C. and 21 E. from Harrisburg.
Hanover, t-ship, Beaver co., bound- ed N. by Greene t-ship, E. by Hope- well, S. by Washington co., and W. by the state of Va. Centrally distant from Beaver borough about 18 ms. Greatest length 8, breadth 5 ms. ; area 24,960 acres ; surface rolling ; soil, loam and limestone. Pop. in 1830, 2359 ; taxables 308. It is drained E. by Big and Little Travis crs., tributa- ries of Raccoon cr. The village of Frankford is centrally situated near the S. boundary.
Hanover, t-ship, Luzerne co., boun- ded N. E. by Wilkesbarre, E. and S. E. by the Lehigh r. and Northampton co., S. W. by Sugarloaf and Newport t-ships, and N. W. by the Susquehan- nah r. That portion of this township which lies in the Wyoming valley is thiekly settled, and the land is of an excellent quality and well cultivated. The mountainous part is covered with timber, consisting of white and yellow
pine, oak, hickory, and chestnut ; some portion of which, may be cultivated.
Anthracite coal is found every where in this t-ship, from the river to near the summit of the mtn., a distance of 2 or 3 ms. The argillaceous iron stone abounds in the mtn. and it is be- lieved of sufficient richness to justify its being worked upon an extensive scale. In the western division are the E. branch of the Nanticoke and Solo- mon's crs., which are pretty good mill streams. In the latter, about mid-way up the mtn, and 2 ms. from Wilkes- barre, in what is called Solomon's Gap, is a beautiful cascade, which has long been visited as a great natural curiosi- ty. Its wild romantic aspeet, and the delightful natural scenery around it, have within a few years been consid- erably injured by the erection of a very superior merchant mill immedi- ately below the falls, by Gen. Wm. Ross, of Wilkesbarre, who is the pro- prietor of this valuable water power. But the lovers of nature are still highly gratified with a visit to this romantic spot.
In its eastern division are Pine, Wright's, Terrapin Pond, and Sandy crs., which empty into the Lehigh, and the sources of the Nescopeck and the Big and Little Wapwallopen, which flow into the Susquehannah. The Nescopeck and Wright's mill cr. have become important streams in the proposed connection of the Susque- hannah with the Lehigh, the former as the channel of the canal, and the latter as a feeder.
Penobscot Knob, 1050 feet above the river, the highest peak of the mtn. in this t-ship, affords an extensive and sublime prospect. The great stage route from Wilkesbarre to Harrisburg passes through the town. Nanticoke falls are near its western angle. The form of the t-ship is irregular. Its greatest length is about 14 ms., great- est breadth 7; area 56,320 acres. Pop. in 1830, 1173 ; taxables in 1828, 173.
Hanover, t-ship, Washington co., bounded N. by Beaver co., E. by
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Robinson and Smith t-ships, S. by ||282 ms. from W. C. 174 from Harris- . Cross cr. t-ship, and W. by the state of burg.
Va. Centrally distant N. W. from W. borough 22 ms. Greatest length 8}. breadth 72 ms. ; area 23,040 acres. surface hilly ; soil, loam ; coal abun- dant. Pop. in 1830, 1573 ; taxables 247. The turnpike road from Pitts- burg to Steubenville on the Ohio, runs westerly through the t-ship, and upon it is the p-t. of Briceland's cross roads, on the E. boundary. "Herman's and Fudian crs. flowing to the Ohio r., drain the t-ship westward.
Hanover, village, Hanover t-ship, Lchigh co. contains 12 houses and about 80 inhabitants. There is here one tavern and store. It is situated on the road from Allentown to Bethle- hem, about two miles from the former, on the county line between Lehigh and Northampton.
Hanover, West, t-ship, Dauphin co. bounded N. by the Second mountain, E. by Lebanon co. S. by the Swatara river, which separates it from Derry t-ship and W. by Lower Paxton t-ship. Greatest length 10, breadth 7 miles ; area, 36,000 acres; surface, undula- ting ; soil, argillaceous slate and sand stone. Pop. in 1830, 2543 ; taxables, 493; valuation in 1832, $400,368. Beaver creek runs along the W. boun- dary, Manady creek and Bow run flow through it, all S. to the Swatara. The post office, having the name of the t- ship, is 126 ms. N. W. from W. C. and 15 ms. S. E. of Harrisburg.
Hanover, p-t. and bor. Heidelberg t-ship, York co. lies in the western part of the t-ship, 17 ms. S. E. of the borough of York, 80 ms. from W. C. and 27 from Harrisburg. Three turn- pike roads proceed from this borough, one to Berlin, one to Petersburg and Carlisle, and a third into Maryland, towards Baltimore. It contains about 200 dwellings, several stores and tav- erns. It was incorporated by act 4th March, 1814.
Hanstown, a hamlet in the north part of Earl t-ship, Lancaster co. about 14 ms. N. E. from the city of Lancaster.
Harewood, p-o. Susquehannah co.
Harford, t-ship, Susquehannah co. bounded N. by New Milford t-ship, E. by Gibson, S. by Lennox and W. by Brooklyn ; greatest length 6} miles, mean width, 5} miles ; area, 22,880 acres. It is drained by Martin's, Part- ner's and Van Winkle's creeks, all branches of the Tunkhannock, and good mill streams. The first is fed by a small lake near the N. W. angle of the t-ship. The Milford and Owego turnpike crosses the S. W. angle dia- gonally, and the Wilkesbarre and Great Bend turnpike runs from south to north. A post office is located at the village of Harford, near which there are two churches.
IIarford, village and p-t. Harford t- ship, Susquehannah co. It is built on one street, and contains 8 or 10 dwel- lings, 2 stores, 1 tavern; there are 2 churches near the town. It is 13 ms. S. E. of Montrose, 264 from W. C. and 156 from Harrisburg.
Harlandsburg, p-t. of Slippery cr. t-ship, Mercer co. in the S. E. angle of the t-ship, upon the N. bank of the cr. 14 ms. a little E. of S. from Mercer bor. 260 N. W. from W. C. and 228 from Harrisburg, contains 20 dwel- lings, 2 taverns and 3 stores.
Harbor Creek, t-ship, Erie co. bound- ed N. by lake Erie, E. by North East and Greenfield t-ships, S. by Beaver Dam t-ship, and W. by Mill Creek and Mckean t-ships. Centrally distant N. E. from Erie borough 6 ms. ; great- est length 8, breadth 5} ms. ; area, 23,860 acres. It is drained by seve- ral small streams which flow into the lake. It has a post office bearing the name of the t-ship.
Harmonsburg, p-t. of Sadsbury t- ship, Crawford co. N. of Conneaut lake, on the Conneaut creek and road lead- ing to Meadville, distant 10 ms. N. W. from the latter place, 305 ms. from W. C. and 244 from Harrisburg.
Harmony, p-t. of Conequenessing t- ship, Butler co. on the S. bank of the Conequenessing creek, 14 ms. S. W. by W. of the borough of Butler, and
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12 ms. N. E. by E. of the borough of | town is a gently swelling hill or high Beaver, Beaver co. 249 ms. N. W. from W. C. and 218 from Harrisburg. This town was founded by the society of Harmonites in 1804, who afterward removed to the Wabash, and subse- quently to Economy, on the Ohio riv- er, in Beaver co. (For an account of this association see Economy.) It ori- ginally consisted of log houses, but now contains from 35 to 40 brick and frame buildings, 2 mills, a small town hall, 2 or 3 stores and a tavern. At the departure of the Harmonites, their property here was purchased by Mr. Zuyler, from Eastern Penn. who has introduced many German settlers into the town and neighboring farms, who have well filled the void which the re- moval of the Harmonites created.
Harmony, t-ship, Susquehannah co. bounded N. by the state of New-York, E. by Wayne co. S. by Jackson t- ship and W. by Great Bend t-ship ; length, 8 ms. breadth 6; area, 30,720 acres. The Susquehannah r. flows into the t-ship from the state of New York, southward along the eastern side of the Oquago mountain, and turning west around that mountain in- to Great Bend t-ship. Several streams flow through Harmony into the river, the chief of which are Starucca and Conewanta creeks. The Oquago mountain fills the whole of the N. W. angle. The remainder of t-ship is hilly ; the soil is gravel and clay. Pop. in 1830, 341 ; taxables in 1828, 53
Harmony, village and p-t. of the above t-ship, is situated on the Oquago turnpike road, and the eastern bank of the Susquehannah r. within 2 miles of the state line, and about 18 miles due N. E. of Montrose. It contains 6 or 7 dwellings, 1 store and 1 tavern.
Harrisburg, p-t., bor., st. jus. of Dauphin co. and capital of the state, is situated on the E. bank of the Susque- hannah r. 97 miles from Philadelphia and 35 from Lancaster, 110 from W. C., 200 from Pittsburg; lat. 40° 16' N. ; lon. 0° 5' 30" E. from W. C. The eastern part of the site of the
bank between the river and Paxton cr. ; and along the vale of the latter runs the state canal. The lower part lies on the level plain above the mouth of the creek. The town has 5 streets parallel with each other and with the river, and 6 others which intersect these at right angles. In the centre of the town there is a large hollow square cut by crossing streets, and sur- rounded by buildings ; in the centre of this stands the market house. The town, including M'Claysburg, which, though not in the borough bounds, is separated from it by an alley only, has 636 buildings, comprehending dwellings and work shops, of which 201 are of brick, 431 frame and 4 of stone. The public buildings erected by the town and county, are a large court house, (with offices attached) built of brick, two stories high, sur- mounted by a cupola and bell. This house was for many years occupied by the state legislature ; a stone jail, hav- ing in the rear a spacious yard enclo- sed by a high stone wall. A large county school house, of brick, two sto- ries high, with a cupola, in which the pupils are taught after the Lancaste- rian method. This was erected by virtue of an act of assembly, by which provision was made for the gratuitous education of the poor. The whole number of pupils in this institution in 1829, was 278, of whom 94 were pay students ; the remainder were educated at the public expense, at the cost of $6 84 for each student. Of churches, there are 9, viz. Lutheran, 1, Presby- terian 1, German Reformed 1, Episco- palian 1, Roman Catholic 1, Metho- dist 1, Unitarian 1, Baptist 1, and Af- rican 1. Several of these are neat structures; the Catholic church is the most remarkable for architectural beauty. There is also a masonic lodge, a large and handsome building. There are 8 printing offices, seven of which issue journals, of which 4 are publish- ed semi-weekly during the session of the legislature, and weekly during the recess, viz. the Pennsylvania Reporter,
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the Pennsylvania Intelligencer, Har- risburg Chronicle, and The Statesman ; and three weekly, viz. The Republi- can, Die Amerikanische Bauer, and Die Morganroethe.
The town contains 2 banks, 1 a branch of the bank of Penn. and the other the " Harrisburg bank," chartered 9th May, 1814, with an au- thorized capital of $600,000, of which 168,300 only have been paid it.
The commercial prospects of this borough are very flattering. By means of the state canal it may parti- cipate largely in the trade of the great tract of country drained by the Sus- quehannah r. and its tributaries.
Over the Susquehannah, in front of the town, is erected a fine wooden bridge, roofed, and supported by stone piers, in two parts, separated by an island ; completed in 1817, by the ar- chitect Mr. Burr, under the direction of an incorporated company. Its length is 2876 feet, width 40 feet, ele- vation 50 feet ; cost 155,000 dollars, of which the state subscried 90,000.
The capitol, or state house, is a mag- nificent structure, standing on the highest part of the town. From its cupola may be seen one of the finest landscapes of the state, embracing a wide extent of cultivated country, swelling hills, the meanders of the ri- ver, and the adjacent mountains. The building fronts the river to the west, which is seen through State street, a handsome avenue 60 feet wide. The pile consists of the main building, or state house, and two wings for the public offices, designed to be connect- ed together by low ornamented walls, with gateways. The centre building is set back of the wings, so far that the inner columns of the porticos of the parts are in range, thus affording an uninterrupted view through them all. The ground slopes in front, and the main entrance is from State street, by plain and massive gates and a flight of steps. There is another entrance by a similar gateway on the south. The lot is surrounded by a low brick wall, surmounted by wooded palisades.
The main building is 180 feet front, 80 feet deep, 2 stories high. The low. er story contains the vestibule and stair case, the chambers of the senate and house of representatives, and several small apartments for the ac. commodation of the members of as- sembly and its officers. The 2d story is appropriated for an executive cham. ber, where the governor transacts bu- siness and receives the visitors, com- mittee rooms, 4 in number, of large dimensions, and 2 rooms appropriated to the state library, now consisting of about 4000 volumes.
The main entrance is by a circular portico, the whole height of the build- ing, sustained by 6 lonic columns of red sandstone, painted white, 4 feet in diameter, and 36 feet high ; the porti- co receding 37 feet to a circular wall. The floor of the portico on which the columns rest is 4 feet 6 inches high from the ground, and is attained by 5 steps of sand stone, and paved with massive flags of the same material. From the floor to the top of the cor- nice the distance is 46 feet, and the whole height of the front 50 ft. 6 in. From the top of the cornice to the top of the dome is 57 ft. 6 in. making the whole height 108 ft. The front on either side of the portico is divided in- to 3 equal parts, 1 of which is given to the corner, projecting with 1 win- dow, which lights the transcribers' apartment at one end, and a retiring room of the senate chamber at the other. The remaining parts contain 3 windows, which give light to the senate and representative chambers. Under the porticos are 4 windows on the first floor, 2 of which communicate with the senate and representative chambers respectively, and the others with small apartments appropriated to the sergeants at arms. The ends are divided into 4 equal parts ; one is given to each corner, projecting with 1 win- dow, the remaining two contain 3 win- dows, the central one of which is Ve- netian. The divisions and lights of the second story correspond with those of the first. The rotundo above the
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roof is composed of 16 cohunns, 22 in- ches in diameter and 17 feet high, and is 48 feet in diameter outside of the columns. There is a space of 3 feet between the columns and wall. The diameter of the inside is thirty-four ft. The dome is 40 feet in diameter. It contains 8 windows, 3 ft. 6 in. wide and 9 ft. 6 in. high, and 8 niches of like dimensions. Four of the latter are partly covered with the faces of the clock, and the remainder are de- signed for the reception of statues.
From the great portico we advance to the vestibule by large folding doors in the external wall. The vestibule is elliptical, having on its longest axis 40 ft. and on its shorter 34 ft. There are 8 doors opening into it in each sto- ry, 2 of which in the first communi- cate with the senate and representa- tive chambers respectively, and a 3d, more properly an arch way, leads to a double flight of stairs, which, mount- ing half the height of the story, unite and conduct to the second floor. On this floor the staircase again divides and ascends into the roof and rotundo. The vestibule is partly floored over, leaving a circular opening surrounded with a railing, through which from below may be seen the openings of the several landings, the vaulted ceiling, and through that the interior of the rotundo, with its fluted roof.
The senate chamber, on the left of the entrance, is 75 ft. by 57 ft. in the clear, and 21 ft. high. The hall of the representatives has the same length and height, and 68 feet in breadth. The senate chamber is arranged for the accommodation of 36 members, to each of whom is allotted a space of 3 ft. 6 inches. Their desks are 2 ft. wide and the platform or benches on which they rest slightly raised one above another, and 5 ft. 9 inches wide. There is a space of 5 ft. between the members' seats and gallery. The lat- ter will contain several hundred per- sons. The chair of the speaker, cen- trally placed in the length of the room, is supported on an ornamented dais, with a columnar and neatly carved
back. Behind the chair is an open space lighted by the Venetian window, from which doors lead to closets on cither hand, used as offices by the clerk. There are also the retiring rooms for the members.
The hall of representatives is dis- posed after the same manner ; but be- ing designed for the accommodation of 108 members the retiring rooms are wanting. Each member has a space of 2 ft. 9 inches, a desk 1 foot 9 incs. resting on a platform four feet six inches.
The wings, much smaller in every way than the main building, are how- ever in keeping with it, and have por- ticos of similar form, and when con- nected by the wall yet to be built, will have a fine effect in the plan. At present they have an isolated appear- ance.
The whole pile is simple and plain in its exterior and in its internal dis- tribution, but having a bold and dis- tinct contour it is grand and imposing.
Harrisburg was founded in 1785, by Mr. John Harris, who inherited the ground on which it stands from his father ; we are indebted chiefly to a memoir of Mr. Samuel Breek, for the following interesting anecdote of the elder Mr. Harris. He was a York- shire man born in humble life, who emigrated to America soon after the first arrival of Wm. Penn, bringing with him the whole of his property, 16 guineas. His first employment here was in clearing away the wood, and in grubbing the streets of Phila- delphia. " Being an enterprizing man, he soon became an active pioneer, and with the fruits of his industry, commencing a trade with the Indians, penetrated by degrees to the west- ward, until he reached the Susquehan- nah, on the left bank of which r. he built himself a cabin, and sat down permanently at the very spot where the town of Harrisburg now stands. His first purchase of land was a tract of 500 acres, bought of Edward Ship- pen for £190. The deed bears date the 19th December, 1733. He open-
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ed a profitable commerce with his red|| 219 inhabitants, making the population of the town 4526.
neighbors, who were numerous about the Paxton creek, and had several vil- lages in the vicinity, along the Sus- quehannah shore." " It happened one day that a number of his Indian customers, who had been drinking freely, called for an additional supply of rum. On Mr. Harris' refusing to gratify them, they dragged him from his hut, and bound him to a mulberry tree, at the foot of which he now lies buried. They declared their intention to burn him alive, and bade him pre- pare for instant death. Dry wood was gathered, and fire held in readiness to kindle it. The yells of the exaspera- ted savages echoed along the shore, while with demoniac gestures they danced around their victim. In vain he supplicated for mercy, and offered every thing in exchange for life. The fire was brought to the pile, and about being applied, when a band of friendly Indians burst from the forest and set him at liberty. His liberators were conducted by his negro slave Hercules, who on the first demonstration of vio- lence, had fled to a neighboring Indian village for succour. Mr. Harris gratefully emancipated the slave to whose presence of mind and active zeal he was indebted for life, and the descendants of Hercules inhabit the town, now built around the spot where he so nobly acquired his fredom. Mr. Harris, in order to perpetuate the re- membrance of this deliverance among his descendants, directed that after his death his body should be deposited at the foot of the Mulberry tree. The trunk of that tree is still standing, which flourished in full vigor when Wm. Penn first landed on the shores of the Delaware.
Harrisburg was incorporated by act of assembly passed Ist Feb. 1808, un- der the style of the Chief Burgess, As- sistant Burgess and 'Town Council of the Borough of Harrisburg," with the usual corporate powers.
The population by the census of 1830, exclusive of McClaysburg, was 4307. McClaysburg in 1830, had
A plan has recently been proposed of using the water of the Susquehan- nah river, (by means of a race or aqueduct, commencing at McAlisters, 6 miles above the town,) for supplying the borough with water for domestic and hydraulic purposes. A power, it is supposed, may be thus gained sufficient to drive 30 pairs of 5 feet stones. Sev- eral stages for the E. and W. parts of the state, one S. to Baltimore and Washington, and northward, leave Harrisburg daily.
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