USA > Pennsylvania > A gazetteer of the state of Pennsylvania : a part first, contains a general description of the state, its situation and extent, general geological construction, canals, and rail-roads, bridges, revenue, expenditures, public debt, &c. &c. ; part second, embraces ample descriptions of its counties, towns, cities, villages, mountains, lakes, rivers, creeks, &c. alphabetically arranged > Part 70
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Richland, t-ship, Venango co., boun-
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ded N. by Rockland, S. by the Clari- ion r., E. by Beaver Creek t-ship, and W. by the Allegheny r. Centrally distant S. E. from Franklin borough 15 ms .; greatest length 10 miles, breadth 53 ms. ; area, 22,400 acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, limestone. Pop. in 1830, 692; taxables, 130. The p-t. of Foxburg lies in the extreme southern point of the t-ship, at the con- fluence of the Clarion and Allegheny rivers, 203 ms. N. W. of Harrisburg.
Richmond, t-ship, Tioga co. ; sur- face, hilly ; soil, gravelly. Pop. in 1830, 583 ; taxables in 1828, 100.
Richmond, small village on the E. bank of the Delaware r., Northern Liberties t-ship, Philadelphia county, about 2 ms. above the city. There are about 20 dwellings here, 2 taverns, and a small store.
Richmond, a p-town in Lower Mt. Bethel t-ship, Northampton co., situa- ted at the head of a small stream to which it gives name, about 2 miles west of the Delaware r. It is on the main road from Easton to the Dela- ware Water gap, and about 13 ms. from the former place, 203 N. E. from W. C., and 116 from Harrisburg. It contains 20 dwellings, 2 stores, 2 taverns, and 2 tanneries.
Richmond, t-ship, Berks co., bound- ed N. by Greenwich, S. by Ruscomb- manor, E. by Maxatawny, S. E. by Rockland, S. W. by Maiden creek, N. W. by Windsor t-ships. Its greatest length is 5, and greatest breadth 4 ms. ; area, 12,480 acres. Pop. in 1810, 971; in 1820, 1135; in 1830, 1550; taxables in 1828, 268; sur- face, level ; gravel and limestone soil, of good quality, well cultivated ; value, from 40 to 60 dollars an acre. Con- tains 2 churches common to the Lu- therans and Presbyterians. Iron ore is found near the border of Maiden Creek t-ship. Hunter's grist mill, fur- nace and forge, is on Moselem creek, in this t-ship. Coxtown is partly in this t-ship, and partly in Ruscomb- manor.
Richmond, t-ship, Crawford county. Pop. in 1830, 252.
Ridley, t-ship, Delaware co., boun- ded N. by Upper Darby, E. by Dar- by, S. by the r. Delaware, W. by Chester and Providence, and N. W. by Springfield. Central distance from Philadelphia, 10 ms. ; length 4 miles, breadth 31 ; area, 6400 acres ; sur- face, level ; soil, clay. Pop. in 1830, 1058; taxables, 279. Darby creek runs along the S. E. boundary, and Crum creek and Ridley creek form the western line. The Little Crum creek crosses the t-ship from N. to S. centrally. On these streams are large quarries of stone, adapted to building and curbing, and large quantities are annually sent thence to Philadelphia.
Ridley creek rises in E. Goshen t-ship, Chester co., and flows by a S. easterly course of about 18 ms. thro' Delaware co., into the river Dela- ware.
Ridgebury, p.t-ship, Bradford co., bounded N. by the state of N. Y., E. by Athens t-ship, S. by Springfield, and W. by Wells t-ships. Centrally distant N. W. from Towanda 18 ms. ; greatest length 64, breadth 6 ms. ; area, 23,040 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Pop. in 1830, 560; taxables, 102. The Susque- hannah and Tioga 1-pike road runs centrally N. and S. through the t-ship, which is drained by Bently and South creeks, both flowing northwardly into the Tioga river, in the state of N. Y. The p-o. is 261 ms. N. W. from W. C., and 150 from Harrisburg.
Ridgeville, p-t., Greenwood t-ship, Mifflin co., on the S. side of W. Ma- hantango creek, embosomed by mtns., and on the road from Calhounsville to Selin's grove, about 25 ms. N. E. of Lewistown.
Ridgeway, (named after Jacob Ridgeway, of Philadelphia, who is the owner of large tracts of land here), t-ship of Jefferson co., bounded, N. and E. by Mckean co., S. E. by Clearfield co., S. by Young t-ship, and W. by Rose t-ship ; length 23, breadth 17 ms. ; area, 262,040 acres ; surface, rolling ; timber, oak, and heavy. The t-ship is drained by Toby's creek and
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Clarion river, and Kersey's creek, and their tributaries. Ridgeway and Montmorency are p-offices of the t-ship. The former is on Clarion river, distant 25 or 30 ms. N. E. from Brookeville, the county town, 236 from W. C., and 165 from Harris- burg. The latter lies about 6 ms. further from these places.
Ring creek, a mill stream, and tri- butary of Pickering creek, rises in Vincent t-ship, Chester co., and flows into its recipient in Pikeland t-ship.
Rittersville, p-o., Lehigh co., 181 ms. from W. C., and 88 from Harris- burg.
Rising Sun, village, Philadelphia co. (See Sunville.)
Rix's gap, a passage through the Moosic mountain in Canaan t-ship, Wayne co., along which the Milford and Owego t-pike road runs.
Roaring brook or Gulley creek, a tributary of the Lackawannock river, rises in Sterling t-ship, Wayne co., and flows N. W. through Covington and Providence t-ships, by a sinuous course of about 20 ms., cutting the Moosic mtn. in its way. It is a good mill stream, and drives several mills and a forge.
Roaring creek, Big, has 2 branches, one on the N., the other on the S. of Little, Columbia co.
Roaring creek, Little, a small stream which rises in the Shamokin hills, and flows N. through Rush t-ship, North- umberland co., into the Susquehannah about 2 ms. below Big Roaring creek.
Roaring creek, p-o., Roaring creek valley, Catawissa t-ship, Columbia co., 187 ms. from W. C., and 77 from Harrisburg.
Robinson, t-ship, Washington co., bounded N. E. by Allegheny co., S. E. and S. by Cecil t-ship, S. W. and W. by Smith t-ship, and N. W. by Hanover t-ship; centrally distant from Washington bor. N. 16 ms. Greatest length 10, breadth, 3 ms .; area, 14,080 acres; surface hilly, rather rolling; soil, loam. Pop. 1830, 944; taxables, 188. It is drained on the N. by Raccoon creek, on the E. by branches of
Chartier's creek and Montour's run. The p-r. from Pittsburg to Steuben- ville, runs W. through the t-ship.
Robison, t-ship, Allegheny co., bounded N. by the Ohio r., E. by St. Clair t-ship, S. by Fayette and W. by Moon t-ships; centrally distant from Petersburg, 6 ms. N. W. Greatest length, 64 ms .; breadth, 6 ms. ; area, 16,640 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, loam. Pop. 1830, 1371; taxables, 233. Chartier's creek is on the S. E. and Montour's run on the W. bounda- ry. The turnpike road from Pitts. burg to Steubenville, runs westward through the t-ship.
Robstown, p-t. of South Huntingdon t-ship, Westmoreland co., on the turnpike road from Somerset to Wash- ington, and on the E. bank of the Youghiogheny r. 13 ms. S. W. from Greensburg, 206 from W. C., and 184 from Harrisburg ; contains from 60 to 70 dwellings, 3 taverns and 4 stores.
Robinson's run, a large branch of Chartier's creek, flowing centrally and eastwardly through Fayette t- ship, Allegheny co.
Robeson, t-ship, Berks co., bounded N.E. by the Schuylkill r., E. by Union t-ship, and by Chester co., S. by Caer- narvon t-ship, W. by Breeknock and N. W. by Cumru t-ship. The Alle- gheny creek and Hay creek run N. E. through the t-ship into the Schuyl- kill r. Greatest length, 64 ms. ; breadth, 5; area, 21,000 acres; sur- face, hilly ; soil, gravelly and sterile. Pop. 1810, 1807; 1820, 2065; 1830, 1970; taxables, 1828, 371. There is a forge on Allegheny creek, and another on Hay creek; and two churches, one pertaining to the Lu- therans and the other to the Presby- terians; both centrally situated in the t-ship.
Rock run, on the line of E. Nant. meal and Coventry t-ships, Chester co .; a mill stream and tributary of French creek.
Rock creek, Adams co., divides Cumberland t-ship from Strabane and Mountjoy t-ships, and flows S. into the state of Md.
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Rockland, t-ship, Berks co., bound- ed N. by Maxatawny, N. E. by Long Swamp, S. E. by District and Pike t-ships, S. by Oley, W. by Ruscomb- manor, and N. W. by Richmond town - ships ; greatest length, 5 ms. ; breadth, 4; area, 12,000 acres. Pop. 1810, 1026; 1820, 1131; 1830, 1342 ; tax- ables, 1828, 257. The surface is ve- ry hilly ; soil, gravel, poor and indif. ferently cultivated; value from 15 to 20 dolls. per acre. There is one church common to the German Lu- therans and Presbyterians. The town- ship contains one furnace and two forges.
Rockhill, t-ship, Bucks co., bound- cd N. by Richland and Haycock, E.by Bedminster, S. E. by Hilltown, t-ships, S. W. by Montgomery co., and W. by Milford t-ship. Central distance from Phil. N. N. W. 33 ms., from Doylestown 12 ms. ; greatest length, 71 ms .; greatest breadth, 5 ms .; area, 19,618 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, gravelly. Pop. 1830, 2012 ; taxa- bles, 1828, 424. It is drained by a small branch of the Tohickon creek, and by the N. E. branch of the Per- kiomen. Sellersville is the p-t., the office is known as " Rockhill" p-o. It is 171 ms. from W. C .; 92 from Harrisburg.
Rockland, township, Venango co., bounded N. by Cranberry t-ship, E. by Elk Creek t-ship, S. by Richland t-ship, and S. W . and W. by the Allegheny r. Centrally distant from Franklin bor., 9 ms. ; greatest length, 11} miles ; breadth, 8 ms. ; area, 38,400 acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, rich loam. Pop. 1830, 768 ; taxables, 126. It is drained N. W. by Six Mile run, S W. by Schull's run.
Rocky ridge, a mountain link in Ilenderson t-ship, Huntingdon co., rising on the N. bank of the Juniata river, and running N. W. about 11 ms., forming in this t-ship the E. boun- dary of Kishcoquillas valley.
Rocksville, hamlet of Northampton t-ship, Bucks co., on the road from Smithfield to Newtown, 13 ms. S. E. from Doylestown, contains 3 or 4 dwellings.
Rockdale, t-ship, Crawford co., one of the northern t-ships of the county. Pop. 1830, 225 ; surface, hilly ; soil, loam, well adapted to grass. Is drain- ed by French creek and its tributa- ries. P-o. is distant 305 ms. from W. C. and 244 from Harrisburg.
Rohrsburg, post-office, Columbia co.
Rome, t-ship, Crawford co. Pop. 1830, 365.
Roseburg, marked as a town in Clarion t-ship, Armstrong co .; there are however not more than two dwel- lings in it.
Rose, t-ship, a very large t-ship including almost one half of the coun- ty of Jefferson ; bounded N. by War- ren co., E. by Pine Creek and Ridge- way t-ships, S. by Perry t-ship, and W. by Armstrong and Venango counties ; length 39, breadth 12 ms .; area, 289,520 acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, gravelly loam ; timber, oak. Pop. 1830, between 6 and 700. It is drained by Toby's creek and Sandy Lick creek, and their branches.
Rose, p-o. Potter co., near Rose lake, so called from the P. M. James Rose ; is 298 ms. distant N. W. from W. C. and 192 from Harrisburg.
Roseland, p-o. Cambria co., 182 ms. from W. C. and 124 from Har- risburg.
Ross, township, Northampton co., bounded N. by Chestnut Hill, S. by Moore, Bushkill, and Plainfield, E. by Hamilton, and W. by Towamensing t-ships ; greatest length, 9} ms .; great- est breadth, 6 ms .; surface, on the S. mountainous, on the N. pretty level ; soil, limestone and gravel. Pop. 1830, 838; taxables, 1828, 140. It is drained chiefly by the head waters of the Aquanshicola creek, which tra- verse it in a southwesterly course. The break in the Blue mtn., known as the Wind gap, is in the S. E. angle of the t-ship, through which passes the northern turnpike road from Easton.
Ross town, p.t., Warrington t-ship, York co., about 12 ms. N. W. from York borough, 100 ms. from W. C. and 17 from Harrisburg.
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Rosscommon, a p.t., Ross t-ship, Northampton co., 14 ms. from Eas. ton, on the road from that town to Wilkesbarre.
Ross, t.ship, Allegheny co., bound- ed N. by Pine t-ship, E. by Indiana, S. E. by the Allegheny r., S. W. by the Ohio r., and W. by Ohio t-ship. Centrally distant N. from Pittsburg 4 ms .; greatest length, 7, breadth, 6 ms; area, 23,040 acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, loam. Pop. 1830, 2196; taxa- bles, 725. The t-ship is drained by Pine creek and its branches, Cirties run, Wood, Spruce and Hawser's runs. The flourishing borough of Allegheny lies in the N. point of the confluence of the Allegheny with the Monongahela river, united to Pitts- burg by a bridge, (see Allegheny borough). The p-t. of Perrysville is near the northern line of the t-ship, distant from Pittsburg about 8 miles. The turnpike road from Pittsburg to Butler, runs N. through the t-ship.
Rost Raver, t-ship, Westmoreland co., bounded N. by Allegheny co., E. by the Youghiogheny river, which separates it from S. Huntingdon t-ship, S. by Fayette co., and W. by the Monongahela r., which separates it from Washington co. Centrally distant S. W. from Greensburg, 17 ms .; greatest length, 8, breadth, 7} ms .; area, 23,680 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, limestone. Pop. in 1830, 1721 ; taxables, 342. The p-office, called after the t-ship, is distant 212 Ins. from W. C. and 190 from Har. risburg.
Roulet, t-ship, Potter co., occupying the north west part of the co., con- tains in length 20 miles N. and S., and 5 miles in breadth E. and W., having an area of 64,000 acres. It is named after Mr. Roulet, an extensive land owner of the county. It has a post office ; distance 292 miles N. W. from W. C., and 183 from Harrisburg.
Round top, a noted hill of Warring. ton t-ship, York co., S. of Stephenson's mountain.
Roush's creek, Berks co., rises in Alsace and flows through Exeter
t-ship, in a south easterly course of about 9 miles to the Schuylkill, and turns several mills by its waters.
Roxbury, post town, Lurgan t-ship, Franklin co., on the Conedogwinit creek, on the east side of the Blue mountain, 12 miles N. of Chambers- burg and 28 S. W. of Carlisle, 43 from Harrisburg, and 97 from Washington city.
Roxbury, Henderson t-ship, Hunt- ingdon county, contains 6 or 7 dwell- ings,a church and school,and a smith's shop.
Roxborough, t-ship, Philadelphia co., bounded N.E. by Germantown t-ship, S. E. by Penn t-ship, S. W. and N. W. by Montgomery co. Centrally distant from Philadelphia N. W. 74 miles; length 5 miles ; breadth 2 ms .; area, 5,760 acres ; surface, hilly and rocky ; soil, clay and loam. Pop. in 1830, 3,334; taxables, 642. The Wissahickon creek enters the t-ship on the N. E. and winds through a valley remarkable for its rugged and picturesque scenery. The Wissahic- kon or Ridge road turnpike runs N. through the t-ship. There are seve- ral mechanics, two or three stores,and several taverns, at one of which 7 ms. from the city, is the post office of the t-ship, called after it. The village of Manyunk, also 7 miles from the city, lies on the river Schuylkill, and the canal which connects the pool of Fair Mount with that of Flat rock. The dam presents a beautiful cascade form- ing a prominent feature of a very pic- turesque scene. Below it is a fine bridge over the river. In the N. W. angle of the t-ship near the river is a valuable quarry of soap stone (a vari- ety of the steatite.)
Ruff's creek, Morgan t-ship, Greene co., a tributary of Ten Mile ereek, the chief drain of the t-ship.
Rumfield ereek, Wysox t-ship, Brad- ford co., rises in Orwell, but has its chief source in the former t-ship,upon the S. E. line of which it enters the Susquehannah.
Rural valley, post office, Armstrong co., 224 miles from W. C., and 190 from Harrisburg.
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Ruscombmanor, t-ship, Berks coun- ty, bounded N. and N. W. bv Maiden creek and Riclimond t-ships, east by Rockland, S. E. by Oley, S.W. by Al- sace. Its greatest length is 4 ms. by 4 in breadth; area, 10,000 acres. Pop. in 1810, 932 ; in 1820, 1056 ; in 1830, 1243; taxables in 1828, 250. The sur- face of the country is very hilly ; soil gravelly, poor and indifferently culti- vated ; value from 15 to 25 dollars per acre ; towns Pricetown and Cox'stown.
Rush, t-ship, Schuylkill co., bound- N. E. by Luzerne co., E. by North- ampton co., S. by West Penn t-ship, W. and N. W. by Schuylkill t-ship. Its greatest length in a direct line N. W. and S. E. is 15 ms. ; mean breadth 7_ miles. Area by estimate, about 62,080 acres. It is mostly covered with mountains and high hills, scarce explored except in its southern section, which has of late acquired much inter- est, from the anthracite coal mines which it contains. This valuable min- eral most probably extends through- out the t-ship, into the Mahanoy and the ridges which form that chain. There are several country roads traversing the t-ship, and the Little Schuylkill rail road penetrates its southern coal fields. There is a salt spring on the west side of the river above the mouth of Panther creek. The villages of Tus- carora, Tamaqua and Home, are coal creations. Pop. in 1830, 359 ; taxa- bles 72.
Rush, t-ship, Susquehannah coun- ty, bounded N. by Middleton t-ship, E. by Silver lake and Bridgewater t-ships, S. by Springville and W. by Bradford co. Greatest length, 9 ms., breadth 6 miles ; area, 34,560 acres. It is drained by the Wyalusing creek, the north and middle branch from the north, and Lake creek and Deer Lick creek from the south. It has a post office called Rushville. The Wya- lusing mountains extend across its western boundary. The surface is hilly ; soil gravelly loam. Pop. in 1830, 643 ; taxables 1828, 102.
Rushville, post town, Rush t-ship, Susquehannah county ; distant 265
||miles from W. C., and 154 from Har- risburg.
Rush creek, Lower Mahantango t-ship, Schuylkill co., a tributary of Long Pine creek.
Russellville, post town, Chester co., 99 miles N. of W. C., and 62 S. E. from Harrisburg.
Russellville, small town of Pine Grove t-ship, Warren co., on the right bank of the Conewango creek, and eight miles N. of Warren borough.
Rush, t-ship, Northumberland co., bounded north by Point t-ship and by Columbia co., east by Columbia co., S. by Shamokin t-ship and W. by Au- gusta. Centrally distant N. from Sun- bury 9 miles ; greatest length 62 ms., breadth 5 miles ; area, 14,720 acres ; surface, hilly and vales ; soil, alluvial . and gravel. Pop. in 1830, 1078; tax- ables, 245. Little roaring creek di- vides it from Columbia co., and Grav- el run separates it from Augusta. The Pottsville and Danville rail road pass- es in a north west direction through the t-ship.
Rush, t-ship, Centre county, bound- ed W. and N. by Clearfield county, N. E. by Patton t-ship, S. E. by the main Allegheny ridge, which sepa- rates it from Half Moon t-ship, and S. by Huntingdon co. Centrally distant S. W. from Bellefonte 24 miles ; great- est length 19, breadth eight miles ; area, 56,960 acres; surface very mountainous ; soil, limestone in the valleys. Pop. in 1830, 410 ; taxa- ables 81. The t-ship is drained chiefly by Mushanon creek, which forms the boundary between it and Clearfield co. Coal and iron are abundant here, and iron works are erected at Phillips- burg on Cold Stream creek, a tributa- ry of the Mushanon. A turnpike road leads from Phillipsburg to Bellefonte, distant 25 miles.
Rush, t-ship, Dauphin co., bounded N. by Jackson t-ship, E. by Schuyl- kill co., S. partly by Lebanon co., partly by Hanover t-ship, and W. by Middle Paxton. Centrally distant from Harrisburg N. E. 20 ms. Great- est length 22, breadth 5 miles ; area,
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64,400 acres. 'This is a very moun- tainous and sterile district. Its popula- tion in 1830, did not exceed 58 souls, and 8 taxables.
Rutland, t-ship, Tioga county, sur- face hilly; soil gravelly. Pop. in 1830, 687 ; taxables in 1828, 98. The post office of the t-ship, bearing the same name, is distant from W. C. 254 ms., and from Harrisburg 148.
Rye, t-ship,Perry co., bounded N.by Juniata t-ship, E. by Juniata and Sus- quehannah rivers, S. by Cumberland co., and W. by Tyrone t-ship. Cen- trally distant from Bloomfield 6 miles. Greatest length 13, breadth 10 miles ; area, 58,880 acres ; surface moun- tainous ; soil, gravel and limestone. Pop. in 1830, 842 ; taxables, 162. Little Juniata creek, Sherman's creek and Fishing creek are the most con- siderable streams. The post town of Petersburg lies on the Susquehannah river, a short distance below the mouth of the Juniata. The Pennsylvania ca- nal crosses the river above the town by the pool at Duncan's island, and di- vides into two branches, ascending the Susquehannah and Juniata rivers respectively. At the mouth of Sher. man's creek, a forge has lately been erected by Messrs. Stephen Duncan and John D. Mahon, who have also the privilege of a toll bridge over the creek.
Ryerson's station, post office, Greene co., 249 miles N. W. from W. C. and 242 S. W. from Harrisburg.
Rynd's post office, Venango county, called after the post master, Abm. Rynd, 288 miles from W. C., and 221 from Harrisburg.
Sadsbury, t-ship, Chester co., bound- ed N. by West Caln, E. by East Caln, S. by East and West Fallowfield, and W. by Lancaster co. Central dis- tance from Philadelphia 37 ms. N. W. and from West Chester 15 ms. W. Length 82, breadth 3: ms .; area 16,620 acres ; surface hilly ; soil grav- elly. Pop. in 1830, 1875 ; taxables in 1828, 347. It is drained by the Octarara creek on the W., and by Buck run and the West Branch of
the Brandywine river on the E. The Philadelphia turnpike road and the Columbia rail road pass through it from E. to W. ; on the former is the village of Sadsbury, and the Black Horse, at each of which is a post office. The Wilmington and Lancaster turn- pike road crosses the S. W. angle.
Sadsburyville, p-t. and v., Sadsbury t-ship, Chester co. 43 ms. by the turn- pike road W. from l'hiladelphia and 15 ms. from West Chester, 131 ms. N. W. from W. C., and 57 S. E. from Harrisburg, contains some half dozen dwellings, store and tavern.
Sadsbury, t.ship, Crawford co. Pop. 1830, 902.
Sadsbury, t-ship, Lancaster county, bounded N. by Salisbury t-ship, E. by Chester co., S. by Colerain t-ship, and W. by Bart. Centrally distant S. W. from the city of Lancaster, 16 ms. Greatest length 53, greatest breadth 5 ms. ; area 12,111 acres; surface hilly and rolling ; soil limestone and clay. Pop. in 1830, 1230 ; taxa- bles 235. The Octarara creek rises near and flows along the eastern boundary, and gives motion to three forges within the t-ship, and one immc- diately below its southern line. Mine ridge runs along the N. boundary, at the foot of which on the Wilmington and Lancaster turnpike road is a post office called the " Gap," established at the " Gap tavern." There are in the t-ship 3 forges, 1 distillery, 1 tanyard, 8 grist mills and 3 saw mills.
St. Clairsville, t. of St. Clair t-ship, Bedford co. on the road leading to Hol- lidaysburg, about 10 ms. N. of Bed- ford borough ; contains about 20 dwell- ings, 1 store and 2 taverns.
St. Clair, t-ship, Bedford co., bound- ed N. by Greene t-ship, E. by Wood- berry and Bedford t-ships, S. by Na- pier t-ship, and W. by Somerset co. Centrally distant from Bedford bo- rough N. E. 12 ms. Greatest length 14, breadth 10} ms .; area 44,800 acres ; surface hills and valleys ; soil clay and loam. Pop. in 1830, 2134 ; taxables 336.
St. Clair, t-ship, Allegheny county,
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bounded N. by the Ohio and Monon- gahela rivers, E. by Mifflin t-ship, S. by Washington co. and W. by Fay- ette and Robinson t-ships. Centrally distant S. W. from Pittsburg 6 ms. Greatest length 12, breadth 8 ms. It is drained by Chartier's creek and Sawmill run. Coal abounds on the bank of the river. The p-t. of Bir- mingham lies on the Allegheny, oppo- site to and about a mile below Pitts- burg. Area of the t-ship 39,040 acres ; surface hilly; soil loam. Pop. in 1830, 4614 ; taxables 965.
St. Thomas, t-ship, Franklin co., bounded N. E. by Letterkenny t-ship, E. by Hamilton, S. by Antrim, S. W. by Peters and N. W. by Metal t-ships. Centrally distant from Chambersburg 7 ms. Greatest length 11}, breadth 7 ms. ; area 25,600 acres ; surface rolling ; soil, slate, with veins of lime- stone. Pop. in 1830, 1778; taxables 328. The t-ship is drained by Back creek and its tributaries. The turn- pike road from Chambersburg to Mc- Connellstown, crosses the t-ship, and centrally upon it lies the p-t. of St. Thomas, 7 ms. W. from Chambers- burg, 97 N. W. from W. C. and 57 S. W. from Harrisburg. The town contains about 90 dwellings, 2 church- es common to several denominations of Christians, 3 stores and 4 taverns. The surrounding country is well cul- tivated and productive.
St. Mary's, p-o., Chester co., 139 ms. N. W. from W. C. and 64 S. E. of Harrisburg.
Salem Corners, a p-t. Wayne co. Sa- lemt-ship, 20 ms. S. W. from Bethany, containing 10 or 12 dwellings, 2 tav- erns, and two stores.
Salem, t-ship, Luzerne co. bounded N. E. and S. E. by the Susquehannah r., S. W. by the co. of Columbia, and N. W. by Huntington and Union tps. The North Branch canal passes thro' the t-ship. Anthracite coal has been found in its hills, but its extent has not been ascertained. A p-o. is establish- ed at Beach Grove; and the town of Berwick extends into its S. W. an- gle ; a church is erected about 2 ms. from the p-o. It contains 620 inhab-
itants ; and by the returns of 1828, 158 taxables. The t-ship has a very irregular form. Its greatest length E. and W. is about 7 miles, and great- est breadth N. and S. about 6 miles. Area, 1,920 acres.
Salem, t-ship, Wayne co. bounded N. by Canaan, E. by Palmyra, S. by Sterling t-ship, and Pike co. and W. by Luzerne co. Its greatest length is about 9 miles, and greatest breadth about 8 ms. It is watered by Waul- lenpaupack creek, and the western branch, and other tributaries of that stream. The Easton and Bel- mont and the Luzerne and Wayne turnpike roads cross each other, where there is a post town called " Salem Corners." Surface, hilly ; soil, gravel and loam ; well timbered. Pop. in 1830, 593 ; taxables, in 1828, 117 ; taxable property in 1829, seat- ed lands, $32,784 ; unseated, 74,105 ; personal, including occupations, 6,635. The t-ship contains about 90 dwellings, 3 stores, 3 taverns, 2 grist mills, 4 saw mills, 1 fulling mill, 1 carding machine, 37 looms, and 4 schools.
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