USA > Pennsylvania > A gazetteer of the state of Pennsylvania : a part first, contains a general description of the state, its situation and extent, general geological construction, canals, and rail-roads, bridges, revenue, expenditures, public debt, &c. &c. ; part second, embraces ample descriptions of its counties, towns, cities, villages, mountains, lakes, rivers, creeks, &c. alphabetically arranged > Part 83
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Westfield, t-ship, Tioga co., bound- ed N. by New York, E. by Deerfield t-ship, S. by what is now or was for. merly Delmar t-ship, and W. by Pot- ter co. It is the extreme N. W. t-ship of the co. centrally distant from Wells- borough 20 miles. It is an oblong of 11 by 62 miles ; area, 49,280 acres ; surface hilly ; soil, gravel and clay. Pop. in 1830, 494 ; taxables in 1828, 65. It is drained E. by Cowanesque creek, which flows into the Tioga river. The post office, named after the t-ship, is 286 miles N. W. from W. C. and 189 from Harrisburg.
Westmoreland county, was formed from part of Bedford by act of assem. bly, twenty-sixth February, 1773, and is now bounded N. by Armstrong and Indiana counties, S. by Somerset, E. by Bedford, W. by Washington and N. W. by Allegheny counties. Length 37, width 29 miles ; area, 1004 square miles. Central lat. 40° 18' N., long. from W. C. 2º 32' W.
'This county, lying W. of the main ridge of the Allegheny, is in the great secondary formation, and abounds
with the minerals common to that for- mation. Iron ore is found in Done- gal, Ligonier, Fairfield, Derry, Unity, and Mount Pleasant t-ships. Salt works are numerous ; there being in operationi four on the Sewickly creek', 3 on the Allegheny river and 17 on the Conemaugh and the Kiskiminitas rivers. Bituminous coal of the best quality may be obtained from all the hills. The Laurel mountain forms the eastern boundary; parallel to, and 12 miles west thereof, runs the Ches- nut ridge, from whose summit the wes- tern surface of the county has the ap- pearance of a vast plain of verdure. It is, however, broken into hills by the streams and water courses, whose val- leys have commonly a depth and breadth proportionate to the magnitude of the volumes of water which flow in them.
The county is abundantly watered, the Concmaugh or Kiskiminitas river coursing the whole of the northern boundary, and pouring its waters into the Allegheny r. which bounds it for the distance of 12 miles on the N. W. The Concmaugh receives from the co. Roaring run, Tub Mill creek, Mc Gee's run, and the Loyalhanna river ; from the point of confluence of the last stream the Conemaugh bears the name of Kiskiminitas, and receives in addition, Beaver Dam run, before its junction with the Allegheny. The Loyalhanna rises at the western base of the Laurel hill, and runs a N. W. course, breaking through the Ches. nut ridge, for more than 40 ms. to its recipient. The Youghiogheny cnters the county from the S. E. between Rostraver and S. Huntingdon t-ships, and flows N. W. thro' it for about 10 ms. and thence along the W.boundary, about 5 miles further. It is augment- ed from the county by Jacob's creek, which follows the south boundary for about 25 miles by the course of the stream ; by the Big Sewickly, which flowing from the vicinity of Greens. burg south and west, unites with the Youghiogheny opposite to the N. E. point of Rostraver t-ship, having re-
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ceived the Little Sewickly about two miles above its mouth. Into all these larger streams many lesser ones flow. The state canal follows the valley of the Conemaugh, along the northern bank of the river, parallel with the northern line of the co.
Three turnpike roads cross the co., one leading from Ebensburg to Pitts- burg ; another passing from Bedford through Greensburg to Pittsburg, and the third from Somerset, passes thro' the south part of the county by Mount Pleasant and Robstown to the borough of Washington in Washington county.
The towns of the co. are Greens- burg, the county town, Mount Pleas- ant, Robstown, Port Royal, Mansfield, Laughlintown, Ligonier, Fairfield, Lockport,Bolivar, Bridstone, N. Derry, Youngstown, Pleasant Unity, Huckle- berry, Randolph, N. Alexandria, New Salem, Murraysville, Nolandsville, North Washington, Grapeville, Ad- amsburg, Jeffersonville and Stewarts- ville. (For a description of which see those titles respectively.)
Westmoreland co. was originally settled by German and Irish emi- grants, and is now inhabited by their descendants. The population amount- ed in 1790 to 16,018 ; in 1800 to 22, 726 ; in 1810 to 26,492 ; in 1820 to 30,540 ; in 1830 to 38,500 ; of whom 19,591 were white males, 18,531 fe- males ; 182 free black males, 195 fe. males ; 1 slave. There were in this number 237 aliens, 14 blind, 30 deaf and dumb.
The principal religious sects of the county are Presbyterians, who have 15 churches ; German Reformed, and Lutherans who have in common 18 churches ; Baptists who have three ; Episcopalian 1 ; Methodist 8 ; Sece- ders 5 ; making together 50 churches, all of which are generally supplied with pastors, and are opened for di- vine worship every Sabbath.
Country schools are established in every vicinity, in number adequate to the instruction of the rising generation in the rudiments of an English educa- tion ; and are well attended during the
whole year. An academy was incor- porated at Greensburg in 1810, to which the state made a donation of $2,000. In this institution the lan- guages and mathematics are taught to 25 pupils.
The chief business of the inhabit- ants is agriculture, breeding cattle and sheep, the manufacture of salt and some iron. Their exports are wheat, rye, corn, and live stock. There are 24 salt works in the county in opera- tion, which are competent to produce 2000 barrels of salt each per annum, or 48,000 barrels, worth at $2.12, the barrel, $96,000. There is one fur- nace and one forge in the county ; the first, belonging to Col. Matthias, is in Fairfield t-ship, the latter, the proper- ty of Mr. Alexander Johnston, is on the Loyalhanna creek, in Unity town- ship. There is a small manufactory of woollens at Murraysville. The chief market for the surplus pro- duce of the county is at present Pitts- burg ; but when the Pennsylvania ca- nal shall have been completed, the eastern part of the state, including Philadelphia, will prove the best mar- ket.
The value of taxable property in the co.by the assessment of 1829 was, real estate $3,185,801 ; personal estate, including occupations $290,203. The market value of improved lands is from 10 to 15 dollars the acre ; of lands. un- improved from 2 to $4. Much of the soil of the county is of the best quality.
Westmoreland, Indiana and Jeffer- son counties constitute the 17th con- gressional district of the state, sending one member to congress. Alone, West- moreland forms the 18th senatorial district of the state, sending one mem- ber to the senate, and has three mem- bers in the house of representatives.
Westmoreland, Cambria, Indiana and Armstrong make the 10th judi- cial district, over which John Young, Esq. presides. The courts are holden at Greensburg, on the last Mondays of February, May, August and Nov. The county belongs to the western district of the supreme court.
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Westmoreland paid into the state j treasury in 1831, for
Tax on writs,
$472 87
Tavern licenses,
761 16
Duties on dealers in for-
eign mdz. 630 33
State maps, 23 75
Tin and elock pedlars' li- eenses, 57
Hawkers' and pedlars' li-
censes,
22 80
$1967 91
STATISTICAL TABLE OF WESTMORE- LAND COUNTY.
Townships, &c.
Area in acres.
Population. 1810. 1820. 1830.
Taxa- bles.
Allegheny,
43,520
1388
2058
291
Derry,
7-1,880
2380
2301
3890
613
Donegal,
60,160
2147
2564
2052
337
E. Huntingdon,
23,640
1267
1383
1516
299
Fairfield,
55,680
1973
2685
2492
288
Franklin,
32,000
1542
1757
2168
405
Greensburg bor.
685
770
810
144
Hempfield,
56,320
3444
3885
4565
701
Ligonier,
51,200
1780
2060
2381
433
N. Huntingdon,
40,320
23-15
2217
3170
564
Rostraver,
23,680
1786
1679
1721
342
Salem,
49,920
1518
1965
2294
440
S. Iluntingdon,
23,680
1656
2004
2294
385
Unity,
39,680
2174
2436
2990
548
Washington,
32,640
1695
1478
2153
354
26392 30540 38500 6516
Wexford, post office, Allegheny co. 237 miles from W. C., and 215, from Harrisburg.
Wharton, t-ship, Fayette co., boun- ded N. E. by Salt Lick t-ship, E. by Henry Clay t-ship, S. by the state of Maryland, and W. by George and Union t-ships. Centrally distant from Uniontown, S. E. 11 ms. ; greatest length 21, breadth 9 ms .; arca, 76,800 acres ; surface, mountainous ; soil, gravel. Pop. in 1830. 809. The Youghiogheny river flows along its E. and N. boundary, and receives from the t-ship, many small streams. Big and Little Sandy creeks drain it on the S. The national road crosses it, dia- gonally, from S. E. to N. W. on which, is a p-office, near Braddock's grave. Iron ore, sulphur, and salt springs are found in various parts of the t-ship. The Laurel hill chain is broken by the Youghiogheny river, on the E. boun-
dary, but is continued S., by Sugar Loaf hill and other mountains.
Wheatfield, t-ship, Perry co. ; sur- face, lilly ; soil, slate and gravel .- Pop. in 1830, 1,485 ; taxables, 384.
Wheatfield, t-ship, Indiana co., boun- ded N. by Greene t-ship, E. by Cam- bria co., S. by the Conemaugh river, which divides it from Westmoreland co., and W. by Black Lick and Cen- tre t-ships. Centrally distant from Indiana borough, S. W. 13 miles ; greatest length 13, breadth 10} ms. ; area, 78,720 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, clay ; pop. in 1830, 2961; taxa- bles, 551. It is drained by the South branch of Yellow creek, by Black Lick creek and the river, and by sev- eral smaller streams. The state ca- nal follows the S. boundary. The turnpike road from Ebensburg to Blairsville runs W. through the t-ship, and on it lies the post town, Armagh, 13 ms. E. of Blairsville ; Strongstown is also on the turnpike road from Ebens. burg to Kittanning, 14 ms. E. of the latter.
Wheeling creek, of Virginia and Pennsylvania, flows into the Ohio, at the town of Wheeling. It receives from Greenc and Washington counties, Pennsylvania, many tributaries.
Whip's cove, or Sarah's manor, a valley of Bethel t-ship, Bedford co., lying between Raystown and Sideling hills, which encompass it on the W., N. and E.
White Clay creek, rises in London- derry t-ship, Chester co., and flows S. E. through London Grove t-ship, from which it receives several tributaries, and thence through New London and London Britain t-ships, into the state of Delaware. There are several mills on the main stream and branches.
White Deer mountain, a chain of the Allegheny, which, running E. and W. divides Union and Centre cos. from Lycoming co. The W. branch of the Susquehannah river washes its eastern base.
White Deer, post office, Lycoming co., 183 miles from W. C., and 74, from Harrisburg.
1916
372
Mount Pleasant,
19,200
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White Deer, t-ship, Union county, bounded N. by White Deer mountain, E. by the W. branch of the river Sus- quehannah, S. by Buffalo and Kelly t-ships, and W. by W. Buffalo. Cen- trally distant from New Berlin, 12 ms. Greatest length 62, breadth, 4 miles ; area, 17,280 acres; surface, moun- tainous; soil, limestone, gravel and alluvion. Pop. in 1830, 1295 ; taxa- bles, 221. Between White Deer mountain and Nittany mountain, there is a narrow valley, through which White Deer creek flows into the Sus- quehannah river. The post town of New Columbia, lies in the S. E angle of the t-ship, upon the river. There is a post office in the t-ship, called " Whitely."
Whitehall, p-town, Madeira t-ship, Columbia co., 4 ms. N. W. of Jersey town, and 10 miles of Danville; 201 from W. C., and 91 from Harrisburg. Contains 4 or 5 dwellings, a tavern and store.
White Hall, small village of Fer- guson t-ship, Centre co., about 3 ms. W. of Pattenville, and 14 miles S. of Bellefonte.
Whitehall, North, t-ship, Lehigh co. bounded N. and E. by the Lehigh ri. ver, which separates it from North- ampton co., S. by S. Whitehall t-ship, W. by Lowhill t-ship, and N. W. by Heidelberg t-ship. Greatest length, N. E. and S. W. 8 miles ; greatest breadth N. and S. 7 ms. ; area 26,120 acres. Its figure is very irregular. It is drained on the S., by the Jordan and Coply creeks, and on the N., by several small tributaries of the Lehigh river. Is intersected by numerous roads, which centre in one, leading to Northampton borough, from which it is centrally distant about 8 miles. Its surface is level; soil, limestone, rich and well cultivated. There are two churches in the t-ship, one near the N. W. boundary, and the other, on the S., near Coply creek. Pop. in 1830, 2008; taxables, 1828, 375; taxable property in 1829, real estate, $362. 636 ; personal, 26,775; rate of tax, 13 cents on the $100; assessed value
of lands, 35, 25, 18 dollars, according to quality. There is a post office, called after the t-ship, distant 186 ms. from W. C., and ninety three from Harrisburg.
Whitehall, South, t-ship, Lehigh co., bounded N. by North Whitehall, E. by the Lehigh river, which separates it from Hanover t-ship, and by North- ampton t-ship; S. E. by Salsberg t-ship; S. W. by Macungy t-ship. Its greatest length is about 7 miles, and greatest width about 6 miles ; area, 18,560 acres ; surface, level; soil, limestone, carefully cultivated, and abundantly productive. It is water- ed by the Jordan and Cedar creeks. Sinking run, a small stream, flows into it from Macungy, and is lost in a lime- stone sink, about 5 miles a little S. of West Allentown. Cavern spring ris- es near the mouth of a limestone ca- vern, within two miles of the borough; on the Northwest, is a large fountain, and pours its waters into the Jordan creek. This cavern has an entrance of 10 or 12 feet high, and has been penetrated about an hundred feet, into the hill, to a stream of water. There is a Lutheran church about 4 ms. W. of the borough. Pop. in 1830, 1952 ; taxables in 1828, 331 ; value of tax- able property in 1829, real estate, $492,105; personal estate, $34,980 ; assessed value of lands, 35, 25, 18 dollars per acre, according to quality; rate of levy, 13 cents in the $100. The post office,called after the t-ship, is 179 ms. from W. C. and 85 from Harrisburg.
White Horse, post office, Somerset co., 149 miles from W. C., and 127, from Harrisburg.
Whiteland, East, t-ship, Chester co. bounded N. by Charleston t-ship, E. by Tredypin, S. by Willistown and E. Goshen, and W. by W. Whiteland. Central distance from Philadelphia, N. W. 20 miles ; from West Chester, N. E. 6 ms. ; length 4, breadth, 2} ms. ; area, 6530 acres ; surface, level ; soil limestone, excellently cultivated, and highly productive. Pop. in 1830, 994; taxables in 1828, 197. This
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t-ship lies in the great valley. The | about 11 ms. N. W. from Philadel- Philadelphia and Lancaster turnpike, and the turnpike to Morgantown, pass through it. On the former, at the foot of the southern bound of the valley, is the " Warren tavern," at which there is a post office. On the same road is Chester co. academy, incorpo- rated, to which the state has given 2000 dollars.
Whiteland, West, t-ship, Chester co. bounded N. by Pikeland, and Charles- ton t-ships, E. by E. Whiteland, S. by E. and W. Goshen, W. by E. Caln, and N. W. by Uwchlan. Cen- trally distant from Philadelphia N.W. about 27 miles, and from W. Chester 4 miles N. ; length 4 miles ; breadth, 31 miles ; area, 8100 acres; surface, level; soil, limestone. Pop. in 1830, 850; taxables, 150. This t-ship lies in the great valley. The Philadelphia and Lancaster turnpike, and Colum- bia rail road, passes through it. "The Southern valley creek crosses it dia- gonally from E. to W. turning sever- al mills in its course. The post office of the t-ship is 127 ms. N. of W. C., and 73 S. E. from Harrisburg.
Whitely, t-ship. Greene co., bound- ed N. E. by Cumberland and Greene t-ships, E. by Dunkard t.ship, S. by the state of Virginia, W. by Wayne and N. W. by Franklin t-ships. Cen- trally distant S. E. from Waynesburg 8 ms. Greatest length 10, breadth, 7 miles; area, 38,400 acres; surface, rolling; soil, loam. Pop. in 1830, 1875 ; taxables, 329. Whitely creek rises on the W. boundary, and flows E. through Greene and Monongahela t-ships into the Monongahela r., having a course of about 15 ms. Dunkard's creek receives several small tributa- · rics from the S. part of the t-ship.
White Marsh, t-ship, Montgomery co., bounded N. E. by Upper Dublin, S. E. by Springfield t-ship and Phila- delphia co., S. W. by the Schuylkill r., and W. by Plymouth t-ship, and N. W. by Gwynnedd. Mean length 6 ms., width 2 ms. ; area, 7680 acres. The Wissahickon passes diagonally through the t-ship. Centrally situated
phia, and 5 ms. E. of Norristown ; surface, level; soil, red shale and loam. Pop. in 1830, 1924 ; taxables in 1828, 379. The Ridge and the Germantown t-pike roads cross the t-ship in a N. W. direction, and ap- proximate within a quarter of a mile of each other, near Barren hill church which lies between them. The p-o. called after the t-ship, is 14 ms. from W. C., and 110 from Harrisburg.
White Marsh, p-v. of White Marsh t-ship, Montgomery co., on the Spring House t-pike road, 14 ms. from Phila- delphia, and 8 ms. S. E. from Nor- ristown, and on the Wissahickon creek, contains a tavern, a store, a large grist and merchant mill, several dwellings, and an Episcopal church. There are several lime kilns in the . neighborhood.
Whitpaine, t-ship, Montgomery co., bounded N. E. by Gwynnedd, S. E. by Whitemarsh, S. by Norriton and Plymouth, W. and N. W. by Wor- cester. Greatest length 4} ms., grea- test breadthı 3 ms. ; area, 8640 acres. Centrally distant from Philadelphia 15 ms. N. W., and from Norristown 4 ms. N. E. It may be remarked for its rarity, that there is no considerable stream of water in this t-ship. Sur- face, level ; soil, red shale and loam. Pop. in 1830, 1137 ; taxables in 1828, 249.
White run, a tributary of Rock cr., which rises in Mount Pleasant t-ship, Adams co.
Whitestown, p-o., Butler co., 244 ms. from W. C., and 212 from Har- risburg.
Wiconisco creek, rises in Schuylkill co., E. of Peter's mtn., and flows by a devious course in Williams valley, & N. of Berry's mtn. thro' the t-ships of Lykens, Mifflin and Upper Paxton, Dauphin co., into the Susquehannah r., about 20 ms. above Harrisburg, receiving the Little Wiconisco creek and other streams, and turning many mills in its way. The Little Wico. nisco rises in Mifflin t-ship, and runs S. W., joining the greater at Millers-
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burg, a short distance above its con- , fluence with the r.
Wilalloways creek, rises in Mount Pleasant t-ship, Adams co., and flows S. W. into the state of Maryland, forming the boundary between Mount Joy and Germany t-ships.
Wild Cat mountain, W. Penn t-ship, Schuylkill co., a spur of the Sharp mountain.
Wilkesbarre, t-ship, Luzerne co., is bounded N. E. by Pittston, E. by Bear creek, which separates it from Covington, S. W. by Hanover, and N. W. by the Susquehannah r., which divides it from Plymouth and Kings- ton t-ships. It has its name from the borough, which is the chief town of the t-ship and the có. Its greatest length S. E. and N. W. is about 14 ms., and its greatest width 6 ms. ; area, 35,200 acres. The Wyoming mtn. crosses the t-ship centrally, in a N. E. direction, and the surface of the country between the river and the mtn. is level, and the soil rich alluvion. S. E. of the mtn the country is hilly and comparatively sterile. This t-ship is in the midst of the anthracite for- mation, and contains an inexhaustible quantity of this mineral. No portion of the Wyoming valley affords greater facilities for the transportation of coal, or offers greater inducements to prose- cute that trade. The coal field ex- tends from the river to near the top of the mountain, a distance of about 2 ms. The strata are from 6 to 24 ft. in thickness, and are every where exposed, where intersected by the streams and rivulets from the mtn. The coal has a brilliancy and richness rarely equalled, and no where surpass- cd. The Easton and Wilkesbarre t-pike road is located longitudinally through the t-ship, and country roads radiate from the borough in various directions. Mill creek, Laurel run and Solomon's creek flow from the mountains into the river, and Bear cr. and its tributaries carry the waters from the S. E. to the Lehigh. The pop. of the t-ship was in 1830, 2233; taxables by the return of 1828, 355.
Wilkesbarre, borough, p-t. and co. t., Wilkesbarre t-ship, Luzerne co., was laid out about the year 1773, on ground adjacent to the then Wyoming fort, by Col. Durkee, a resident, under the title of the Susquehannah compa- ny of Connecticut, from whom it re- ceived its name, in compliment to Wilkes and Barre, two celebrated members of the British parliament, friendly to the American cause during the revolution. The t. lies on the E. side of the Susquehannah r .; the streets are laid out at right angles, having a square of about 4 acres in the centre of the plot, the sides of which form an angle of 45° with the street, so that the four principal streets enter the square at its corners. In this are the public buildings, consisting of a court house, county offices and jail. It contains an academy, a moet- ing house, an Episcopal church, 8 or 10 stores, as many taverns, a number of mechanic shops, and about 100 dwelling houses. The Wyoming bank of Wilkesbarre, was established here by act of assembly in 1829. The academy has much reputation in the country, and has from 25 to 50 students of both sexes. The Latin and Greek languages, mathematics, and the vari- ous branches of an English ducation are taught here, and many young men have been prepared for college in this institution. The Wyoming seminary for the education of young ladies, re- cently established in the borough, un- der the care of Mrs. Chapman, is justly acquiring public favor. . There is not, perhaps, in Pennsylvania, a more desirable place of residence than Wilkesbarre; situated in a rich and healthy valley, surrounded by mtns., on the bank of one of the noblest riv- ers of N. America; it combines the means of comfort, and the charms of the most delightful and picturesque scenery, with the prospect of active and lucrative trade. Lat. 41º 16' N. ; distant 222 ms. from W. C., and 114 from Harrisburg. Pop. in 1830, be- tween 7 and 8 hundred. The borough is now in a very thriving condition ;
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many new buildings are being erected, and business of every kind rapidly in- creasing, and the coal trade, and that growing from agricultural products, which will find a ready and certain way to market by the N. Branch ca- nal, will soon become of great impor- tance.
The following is a statement in relation to the mtn. around the borough :
Yards.
Distance to the top of the mtn. S. E., 4685
Perpendicular height of the same, 305
Distance to the top of the mountain N. W., . 5,583
Perpendicular height of the same, 227
Distance from the top of one mtn. to the other, . 10,103
Width of the river from the top of one bank to the other, 298 Elevation of the eastern bank above low water mark, 9 Average height of the mountains above low water mark, 275
Wilkins, t-ship, Allegheny co., boun- ded N. E. and E. by Plumb t-ship, S. by Turtle creek which separates it from Versailles t-ship, S. W. by the Mo- nongahela r., W. by Pitt t-ship, and N. W. by the Allegheny river. Cen- trally distant E. from Pittsburg about 10 ms. ; greatest length 8}, breadth 6 ms. ; area, 22,640 acrs. ; surface, hilly or undulating ; soil, loam and allu- vial. Pop. in 1830, 1917 ; taxables, 395. Plumb creek is on the N. E., Thomson's run on the S. E. lines. The t-pike road from Greensburg to Pittsburg crosses the S. part of the t-ship diagonally ; and on it, near the E. boundary, is the town of Howards- ville, a mere name ; and on the W. boundary, in a fork of Nine Mile run, is the town of Wilkinsburg, the for- mer 10, and the latter 7 miles S. E. of Pittsburgh. Wilkinsburg contains about 50 dwellings, 3 stores, and 3 taverns.
Wilkinsburg, (see preceding article).
Williamsburg, small town of Stra- bane t-ship, Washington co., on the National road, 3 ms. S. E. of Wash- ington borough; contains 1 tavern, & 8 or 10 dwellings.
Williamsburg, p-t. and borough of Woodberry t-ship, Huntingdon co., on the right bank of the Juniata r., 12
Ims. N.W. of Huntington borough, 155 ms. from W. C., and 102 from Har- risburg ; contains about 100 dwellings, 8 or 10 of which are brick, the re- mainder frame and log ; 4 houses for public worship, 2 schools, 13 stores, 10 or 12 taverns, 4 blacksmiths' shops, 2 tan yards, 1 brewery, 2 distilleries, I apothecary, 1 sadler, 2 chair ma- kers, 2 wagon makers. The state canal runs by the town. The town was incorporated 19th Feb., 1828.
Williamstown, p-t. of Lancaster co., 121 ms. from W. C., 47 from Harrisburg.
Williams, t-ship, Northampton co., bounded N. by the Lehigh r., E. by the Delaware r., S. by Bucks and Le- high counties, and W. by Lower Sau- con t-ship. Greatest length 6 ms., greatest width 3 ms. The whole sur- face is nearly covered by the S. mtn., or Lehigh hills, which abound in iron ore of various kinds, and of the best quality. The t. of Williamsport lics in the forks of the river; and a town plot, called S. Easton, has been laid out lately by the Lehigh coal and canal company, on the pool at the mouth of the Lehigh r., where some good buildings have already been erected, and where great inducements are offered for the establishment of manufactures. (See Easton, South). The soil of the t-ship is gravel and limestone ; it is rich, well cultivated, and productive of wheat, corn and grass. Pop. in 1830, 2707 ; taxables in 1828, 339. The t-ship is drained principally by Fray's run, which by its tributaries receives the waters from N. and S.
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