USA > Pennsylvania > A gazetteer of the state of Pennsylvania : a part first, contains a general description of the state, its situation and extent, general geological construction, canals, and rail-roads, bridges, revenue, expenditures, public debt, &c. &c. ; part second, embraces ample descriptions of its counties, towns, cities, villages, mountains, lakes, rivers, creeks, &c. alphabetically arranged > Part 60
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The town was incorporated 14th April, 1828.
Northumberland county, was formed from Berks and Bedford counties, by act 21st March, 1772, and is now bounded N. by Lycoming, E. by Co- lumbia, S. E. by Schuylkill, S. by Dauphin, and W. by the main Susque- hannah river, and the West branch of that stream which separates it from Union county. Its greatest length is 35 miles, breadth 13; area, 457 sq. ms. Central lat. 40º 52' N. long. 0° 12' E. from Washington.
The county lies within the great central transition formation of the state, and like every other portion of that region, is covered with mountains. The portion on the S. E. side of the North branch of the Susquehannah, abounds with anthracite coal, especial- ly the Mahanoy mountain and valley. There are beds of iron ore in Shamo- kin t-ship, near which a furnace and forge are employed in the manufac- ture of iron. Contrary to the usual course of the Appalachian ridges, the mountains here run E. and W. and advancing from S. to N. we cross Line mountain, Little Mahanoy, Ma- hanoy, and Shamokin, below the junc- tion of the two great branches of the Susquehannah river, above their con- fluence Montour's mountain and the Limestone ridge. The county is washed by the main Susquehannah 20 miles below, and by the West branch 20 miles above Sunbury and Northumberland, and by the N. E. branch 10 miles on both shores, be- tween Danville and Sunbury. It has a river line of 60 miles. Beside these rivers, it is watered by several large creeks, the principal of which are the Mahantango, Mahanoy, and Shamokin, entering the Susquehannah below Sunbury ; and Chilisquaque, Limestone and Warrior creeks which flow to the West branch. Having thus much river bottom, it possesses, notwithstanding its mountainous as- pect, a large proportion of good, and a considerable quantity of first rate soil. The country N. of the East
branch of the river, including the t-ships of Point, Chilisquaque and Tur- but, appears to be underlaid with tran- sition limestone, which has, in some places, been raised into the hills. Limestone is said also to exist in Low- er Mahanoy t-ship, although every other portion of the county S. of the East branch, is composed of red sand stone, pudding stone, lesser conglomer- ates, slate, &c. and the soil of the de- bris of these rocks. The anthracite coal fields of the Mahanoy, are very extensive, stretching through the val- ley of the Great Mahanoy creek in Shamokin and Little Mahanoy t-ship, and into Schuylkill county, a distance not yet fully explored, but may prob- ably be traced to the Buck mountains of Luzerne, and the Spring mountain and Beaver meadow coal measures of Northampton county, a distance not less than 50 miles. The western ter- mination of the artery is in and near the forks of the Little and Big Maha- noy creeks, 8 miles E. of the Susque- hannah river, to which the descent is easy and unimpeded. The near vicin- ity to the river, the ready and cheap means of transportation offered by the large creek, together with the excel- lent quality of the coal, give this re- gion a decided advantage over those N. or S. of it. A company has been incorporated for improving the naviga- tion of the Mahanoy.
A turnpike road from Reading, through Pottsville, in Schuylkill co. enters this county across the Mahanoy mountain, and radiates in the centre of Shamokin t-ship, one branch lead- ing to Sunbury, and the other to Dan- ville. The main branch of the road is called the Centre turnpike. A rail road, following in a great measure the route of the turnpike, is now being made from Pottsville to Danville, with a lateral to Northumberland. This road has received the name of the " Girard rail road,"? in honor of the memory of the late Stephen Girard, Esq. This road will arrest the down trade of both branches of the Susque- hannah ; of the North branch at Dan-
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ville and Northumberland, and of the West branch at the latter town. The iron of Centre co. the bituminous coal of Clearfield and Lycoming, the lum- ber of Potter, Tioga, Bradford and Susquehannah, and the agricultural products of central and northern Pennsylvania, will find a market at Philadelphia by this route.
Northumberland county was settled originally by English emigrants, who were soon supplanted by the more hardy, more laborious and more pa- tient Germans, whose descendants now possess the country. ' The population of the county after all its reductions, was in 1820, 15,424; in 1830, 18,168, of whom 9267 were white males, 8806 white females, 59 free black males, 46 free black females.
The Presbyterian is the most nu- merous religious sect, but there are also Lutherans, German Reformed, Methodists, Baptists, Quakers and Unitarians, who together have about 30 churches. There is a county bible society, missionary and tract societies, and Sunday school associations in most parts of the county. Sufficient schools for teaching the rudiments of an Eng- lish education have been established, and they are kept open during the year. There is an academy at North- umberland, to which the state gave the sum of $2000 in 1808, by the aet incorporating it. There are 4 news- papers published weekly in the coun- ty ; the " Gazetteer" and the " Canal Boat," (German) at Sunbury, " The State's Advocate" and " Miltonian" at Milton.
The state of agriculture is in a good and improving condition, and under the stimulus afforded by the North and West branches of the Pennsylvania canal, now in successful operation, must rapidly increase. The average price of lands of the first quality in the county, is $30 per acre ; of sec- ond quality, $20; third quality, $10, and 4th quality, from 4 to 5 dollars per acre.
The chief towns are Northumber- land, Milton, Pottsgrove and Watson- burg, on the N. side of the East branch of the river, and Sunbury, the county town, Snyderstown, Coal bor- ough, Mahanoy, Georgetown or Dal- matia, on the S. of that stream.
'There are several fine bridges in the county ; one across the N. E. branch of the Susquehannah, between Northumberland borough and Sunbu- ry, another at Danville, another from Northumberland across the West branch, and a fourth, over the same river, at Milton. (For particulars, see those titles respectively.)
Northumberland, with Union, Co- lumbia, Luzerne, Susquehannah, Bradford, Lycoming, Potter and Mc- Kean, form the 9th congressional dis- trict, sending 3 members to Congress. Northumberland and Union make the 9th senatorial district, sending 1 mem- ber to the senate ; alone, the county sends one member to the house of rep- resentatives ; united with Columbia, Union and Lycoming, it constitutes the 8th judicial district, over which Seth Chapman, Esq. presides. The courts are holden at Sunbury, on the third Mondays in January, April, Aug. and November, annually. The coun- ty belongs to the middle district of the supreme court, which holds an annual session at Sunbury, on the Wednesday following the second week of the term of the Lancaster district.
The taxable property of the county by the assessment of 1829, amounted, real estate, to $2,150,833 ; personal estate, $29,016 ; rate of levy 30 cts. in the $100.
The county paid into the state treasury in the year 1831, for dividends on bridge stock, $1,500 00
Tax on writs, 271 25
Tavern licenses, 623 0,0
Duties on dealers in for. mdz. 360 86
State maps, 9 50
Collateral inheritances, 78 46
Hawker's & pedlar's licenses, 15 20
$2857 67
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STATISTICAL TABLE OF NORTHUMBER- LAND COUNTY.
Townships &c.
Greatest Area in Lth. Bth. Acres.
Pop. in Įtaxa- 1820
1830 bles.
B. of Sunbury,
861
1057
293
Augusta,
10
8
37,120
2075
2131
450
Shamokin,
16
10
56,960
1820
1909
362
Rush,
61
54
14,720
1192
1078
245
Turbut,
11
9
46,720
2752
3388
636
B. of Milton,
51
54
14,720
1035
1199
279
Point,
11%
4
17,040
1373
987
327
Little Mahanoy
16
5
33,280
447
563
105
U. Mahanoy,
15
65
32,640
1639
1742
307
L. Mahanoy,
10
8
23,640
1214
1738
307
B. of Nortinuin- berland.
1095
15424 18168|3583
North Wales, small village of Gwyn- nedd t-ship, Montgomery co., contain- ing a Quaker meeting house, a tavern, three dwellings and a post office. Dis- tant 8 miles E. of Norristown.
Norwegian, t-ship, Schuylkill co., bounded N. E. by Schuylkill t-ship, S E. by Manheim and Wayne, S. W. by Lower Mahantango, and N. W. by Barry t-ships. It has the form of a wedge ; mean length, 10 miles ; mean width, 5 miles ; area, about 32,000 acres. This t-ship, though covered with mountains and hills and contain- ing little arable land of good quality, is one of the most important not only of the county but of the state, and has been a principal scene of the won- drous improvements of which Potts- ville is the centre. The Sharp moun- tain, the southern boundary of the anthracite coal formation of Pennsyl- vania forms its south line, and the north is marked by the Broad moun- tain. The main Schuylkill river en- ters it from the N. E. and receives Mill ercek, and two branches of the Norwegian creek ; the West Branch, and the West-West Branch of the Schuylkill enter it from the N. and W. all of which give ready access to the veins of coal, by the facilities which their vallies afford for the construction of railways and penetration of the hills. The main river has two dams with canals in the t-ship ; the first forms the basin at Mt. Carbon and Potts- ville, and the other the basin at Port Carbon. A rail road follows the main stream from the latter place to its
source, another is on Mill creek, which extends about four miles, and a third on the two branches of the Norwegian ; the latter is known as the Mt. Carbon rail road. On the West and West- West branches, a fourth rail road pen- etrates the Broad mountain. The towns are Pottsville, which is a bo- rough, including Mt. Carbon, Port Car- bon, St. Clairsville, Minersville, Car- bondale, Coal Castle and Newcastle. Its population, including the town of Pottsville, was 6343 by the census of 1830, and the taxables, 1068.
Norwich, p-t. Mckean co. (See Sergeant t-ship.)
Nottingham, East, t-ship of Chester co., bounded N. by Lower Oxford, E. by New London, S. by the state of Ma- ryland, and W. by West Nottingham. Central distance S. W. of Philadelphia 40 miles ; from West Chester 20 miles; length, 62 ; breadth, 5 miles ; area, 19,- 360 acres ; surface, gentle declivity ; soil, sandy loam. Pop. in 1830, 1788; taxables in 1828, 316. Elk ereek forms the east boundary, and Little Elk creek crosses the t-ship centrally, and N. E. creek separates this from West Nottingham. The post town of Oxford lies on the northern boundary line.
Nottingham, West, t-ship, Chester co. bounded N. by Lower Oxford,N.E.and E. by East Nottingham, S. by the state of Maryland and W. by the Octarara ercek, which separates it from the county of Lancaster. Central dis- tance from Philadelphia S. W. about 45 miles ; from West Chester about 27 miles. Length 53, breadth 33, area, 9,480 acres ; surface, lev- el ; soil, slate and loam. Pop. in 1830, 562 ; taxables in 1828, 106. N. E. creek divides this from East Nottingham.
Nottingham, t-ship, Washington co., bounded N. by Peters t-ship and by Allegheny co., E. by the Monongahe- la river, S. by Fallowfield and Som- erset t-ships, and W. by Strabane t-ship. Centrally distant E. from Washington borough, 13 miles ; great- est length 9; breadth 5} ; arca, 19,200
1016
128]
272
Chillisquaque,
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acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, loam ; coal abundant. Pop. in 1830, 2118 ; taxa- bles, 348. It is drained on the north boundary by Peter's creek, and on the S. by Mingo and Little Mingo creeks. The turnpike road from Somerset to Washington crosses the Monongahela river, and runs on the south line of the t-ship. On the S. side of this road in the fork of the river and Pigeon creek, is the post town of Williams- port.
Oakland mills, post office, Mifflin co., 148 ms. from W. C. and 41 from Harrisburg.
Octarara creek, a tributary of the Susquehannah river which has its sour- ces in Sadsbury t-ship, in Lancaster and Chester counties respectively. It crosses Cecil co., Maryland, and falls into the Susquehannah, about 10 miles above Havre de Grace. A tributary of the west branch, called the north branch, drains the t-ship of Bart, Lan- caster co.
Ogden, t-ship, Mckean co., bound- ed N. by Ceres t-ship, E. by Sergeant and Cooper t-ships, S. by Jefferson co. and W. by Warren co. Centrally distant S. W. from Smethport, 18 ms. ; length, 18; breadth, ten miles ; area, 115,800 acres ; surface, high levels ; soil, gravelly, loam and slate. Pop. in 1830, 131. It is drained N. W. by Kenjua, and W. by branches of the Teonista, and S. E. by Furnace and Iron creeks. The country is an al- most uninhabited wilderness, but is said to be well adapted to grazing.
Ohio, t-ship, Allegheny co., bound- ed N. by Butler co., E. by Pine and Ross t-ships, S. W. by the Ohio river, and N. W. by Beaver co. Centrally distant from Pittsburg N. W. 11 miles ; greatest length, 11} ; breadth, 8 miles ; area 17,920 acres ; surface, hilly ; soil, loam and alluvion. Pop. in 1830, 1079 ; taxables, 221. The chief drains of the t-ship are the Big and Little Sewickly creeks, Jones' and Hawser's runs, all which flow W. to the river.
. Ohio, t-ship, Beaver co., bounded N. by South Beaver, E. by Brighton, S. by the Ohio river and W. by the state
Hof Ohio. Centrally distant S. W. of Beaver borough, 10 miles; greatest length, 7} ; breadth, 5} miles ; arca, 19,840 acres ; surface, rolling ; soil, loam and rich alluvion. Pop. in 1830, 1122 ; takables, 201. The Little Bea- ver creek flows into the Ohio at the S. W. angle of the t-ship.
Ohioville, p-t., Ohio t-ship, on the road leading from Beaver borough to Dawson's ferry, over the Ohio river. Distant from Beaver, about 15 miles S. W. ; 262 miles N. W. from W. C. and 240 W. from Harrisburg ; contains 30 dwellings, 2 taverns and 2 stores.
Oil Creek, Swatara t-ship, Lebanon co., a tributary of the Great Swatara creek.
Oil Creek, t-ship, Venango county, bounded N. by Plumb and Cherry Tree t-ships, E. by Oil creek, S. by the Al- legheny river, and W. by Sugar creek. Centrally distant from Frank- lin borough N. E. 6 miles ; greatest length, 10 ; breadth, 8 miles ; area, 40,960 acres ; surface, rolling ; soil, gravel and loam. Pop. scanty and the t-ship is annexed to Sugar Creek t-ship.
Oil Creek, t-ship, Crawford county, bounded N. by Bloomfield t-ship, E. by Warren co., S. by Venango co., and W. by Randolph t-ship. Central- ly distant 20 miles from Meadville. Pop. in 1830, 484. It is drained by Oil creek and its branches. The post office of the t-ship is 297 miles N. W. from W. C. and 230 from Harrisburg.
Old Fort, post office, Centre co., 182 miles N. W. of W. C. and 75 from Harrisburg.
Oley, t-ship, Berks co., bounded N. Rockland, N. E. by Pike, E. by Earl, S. by Amity, S. W. by Exeter, W. by Alsace, N.W. by Ruscomb manor t-ships ; length, 5 ; breadth, 41 miles ; area, 13,600 acres ; surface, level ; soil principally limestone, highly cultivated. Value, average from 40 to 60 dollars per acre. Pop. in 1810, 1284 ; in 1820, 1410 ; in 1830, 1469 ; taxables in 1828, 290 ; watered by the sources of the Manatawny and Manookisy creeks ; contains many mills and one furnace and two forges ; two church.
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es near together, one belonging toy creek which flows into the Schuylkill German Presbyterians and the other to the Lutherans. There is a post office at Oley furnace, 153 miles from Wash- ington and 62 E. of Harrisburg. -
Oley creek, Sugar Loaf t-ship, Lu- zerne co , a tributary of the Nesco- peck creek, which flows between Ya- ger's and Hell Kitchen mountain.
Oley valley, Sugar Loaf t-ship, Lu- zerne co., on Oley creek, between Ya- ger's and Hell Kitchen mountains. The lands of this valley are of good second quality.
Opossum creek, a tributary of the Conewango creek, rises in Manallen t-ship, Adams co., and flows S. near the E. boundary line into its recipient, having a course of about 8 miles.
Oquago mountain, lies on the north- ern line ofthe state and partly in the county of Susquehannah, and in the Great Bend, formed by the Susquehan- nah, and extends ten miles along the boundary line.
Orangeville, Bloom t-ship, Columbia co., on Fishing creek, 5 miles N. of Bloomsburg, and 15 N. W. of Danville, 191 from Washington city, and 81 from Harrisburg ; contains from 35 to 40 dwellings, 2 stores and 2 taverns.
Orson's run, Lower Chanceford t-ship, York co. a tributary of Muddy creck.
Orwell, post-township, Bradford co. 187 miles N. of Harrisburg, by the post-road along the Susquehannah riv- er, and centrally distant from Towan- da N. E. 10 miles. Bounded N. by Windham and Warren t-ships, S. by Wysox and Wyalusing, E. by Pike and W. by Wysox t-ships. Greatest length 83, breadth 72 miles ; area, 34,560 acres; surface, hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Pop. in 1830, 1190 ; taxables, 197. The Wysox creek flows S. through the t-ship, and re- ceives from it several tributaries. The post-office, called after the t-ship, is 252 miles N. W. from W. C. and 141 from Harrisburg.
Orwigsburg, post-town, borough, and st. of just. of Schuylkill county, stands on a rising ground near a small
river, 7 miles above the Schuylkill Water gap, 10 miles S. E. of Potts- ville, and 26 N. W. from Reading, 167 from W. C. and 59 N. E. from Har. risburg. The Reading and Sunbury turnpike passes through it. The vale in which it lies is surrounded by lofty and beautiful hills, which admit of cul- tivation to the very tops, and the neighboring country, though broken, is well cultivated and fruitful. The town consists of about 150 houses, ma- ny of which are 3 story and of brick, convenient and handsome. The court house and public offices are of brick ; the former, a large substantial build- ing, surmounted by a cupola, and the academy is also a spacious building with a similar ornament. This insti- tution was incorporated in 1813, and received from the state $2000. A spacious Lutheran church has just been erected, of stone. There are here 8 or 10 good stores, half as many taverns, and many mechanic shops. The population of the town was in 1820, 600; in 1830, 773; taxables in 1828, 139. A large bed of iron ore has lately been discovered near the borough, but its quality is not ap- proved. The town was incorporated by act 12th March, 1813, under two burgesses and assistants.
Otter run, Upper Chanceford t-ship, York co. a mill stream which rises in the t-ship, and flows S. E. about 7 miles into the Susquehannah river.
Ottsville, post-town, Nockamixon t-ship, Bucks county, on the line be- tween that t-ship and Tinicum, on the road to Durham ferry, about 37 miles N. from Philadelphia, and 11 from Doylestown, 174 N. from W. C. 119 N. E. from Harrisburg, contains 6 houses, 1 store and tavern.
Owl creek, West Penn t-ship, Schuyl- kill county, flows between the Maho- ning and Mauch Chunk mountain, into the Little Schuylkill.
Oxford, t-ship, Philadelphia county, bounded N. E. by Lower Dublin t- ship, S. E. by the Delaware, S. and W. by Frankford or Tacony creek and N.
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W. by Montgomery county. Great- [declivity ; soil, loam. Pop. in 1830, est length 4, breadth 3 miles ; area, 1020; taxables, 224. The t-ship is watered by the confluents of the Oc- tarara and Elk creeks. Oxford, post- town and village, lies on the line di- viding this from E. Nottingham t-ship. 7680 acres; surface, gentle declivi- ties ; soil, sandy loam. Pop. inclu- ding the borough of Frankford, in 1830, 3159 ; taxables, 751. The Lit- tle Tacony creek rises in the N. part Oxford, post-town and village, Chester county, on the line dividing Lower Oxford t-ship from East Not- tingham, about 41 miles S. W. from Philadelphia, and 21 miles from West Chester, 92 miles from W. C. and 66 from Harrisburg, contains 15 dwell- ings, 2 taverns, 2 stores, and a Pres- byterian church. of the t-ship, and flows by a very de- vious course into the Great Tacony, below the borough of Frankford. Up- on the latter creek there are several mills in the t-ship, viz. : a saw mill, grist mill, and extensive calico print- ing works above the borough, and a grist mill and saw mill below it. At the borough, there are 2 fine stone Oxford, New, post-town of Berwick t-ship, Adams co. on the turnpike road from York to Gettysburg, 10 ms. N. E. of the latter, 87 N. from W. C. and 36 S. W. from Harrisburg, contains about 40 dwellings, 2 stores, 2 taverns, and 1 church. bridges over the creek. The U. S. arsenal lies N. of the creek, at its con- fluence with the river. The Sissin- ocksink creek runs by a course of 3 miles into the Delaware, above Frank- ford creek. The Bristol turnpike runs N. W. through the t-ship. Upon it lies the borough of Frankford, 4 bounded N. by Farmington t-ship, E. miles from Philadelphia. . Upon the Tacony creek also, is the asylum for insane persons, established by the So- ciety of Friends. There is a post-of- fice at Frankford.
Oxford, a village on the road from Attleborough to Falsington, and on the line dividing the t-ships of Middle- town and Falls, Bucks county.
Oxford, Upper, t-ship, Chester co. bounded N. by West Fallowfield, E. by Londonderry and Penn, S. by Lower Oxford, and W. by Lancaster co. Central distance from Philadel- phia about 41 miles S. W., and from West Chester about 19 miles. Length 64 miles, breadth 5 miles ; area, 17,- 200 acs .; surface, gentle declivity ; soil, sandy loam. Pop. in 1830, 900; taxables, 222. It is drained by tribu- taries of the Octarara and Elk creeks, upon which there are some mills.
Oxford, Lower, t-ship, Chester co. bounded N. by Upper Oxford, E. by Penn, S. by East and West Notting- ham, and W .. by Lancaster county. Central distance from Philadelphia 41 miles S. W., from West Chester, 20 miles. Length 7}, breadth 4 miles ; area, 13,950 acres ; surface, gentle
Paint Creck, t-ship, Venango co. by Toby's Creek t-ship, S. E. and S. by Clarion river or Toby's Creek, and W. by Beaver and Elk Creek t-ships. It is drained chiefly by Little Toby's creek. Centrally distant S. E. from Franklin borough, 25 miles ; greatest length 7, breadth 5} miles. It con- tains about 19,200 acres ; surface, rolling ; soil, gravel and loam. The t-ship is not organized, but is annexed to Elk Creek t-ship.
Painter's cross roads, post-office, Birmingham t.ship, Delaware county, 116 miles from W. C. and 84 from Harrisburg.
Painter's creek, a tributary of Ches- ter creek, Delaware county, rises in Thornbury t-ship, and flows S. E. through Concord and Aston t-ships, in- to Chester creek. It is a mill stream, and has several mills upon it, in a course of about 6 miles.
l'almyra, t-ship, Pike co. bounded N. W. by Wayne county, N. E. by Lackawaxen t-ship, E. by Delaware t-ship, S. by Middle Smithfield t-ship, and W. by Luzerne co. Lackawaxen creek, where the Belmont turnpike crosses it, above the falls, and Wilson- ville, on the Milford and Owego turn-
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pike, and Waullenpaupack above the falls, are the only towns in the t-ship. The surface is hilly and broken, covered with pine, hemlock and becch timber. The soil is grav- elly loam. Fligh Nob is a noted hill on the eastern boundary, near the junction of this t-ship with Lackawax- en and Delaware t-ships. The figure of the t-ship is very irregular, and is much contracted at its N. E. and S. W. extremities. Its greatest length is about 27 miles, and greatest breadth about 20 miles. Pop. in 1830, about 500; taxables in 1828, 90; taxable property in 1829, scated lands, $32,- 632; unseated, $29,466; personal, including occupations, $6438.
Palmyra, t-ship, Wayne county, bounded N. by Dyberry t-ship, E. by Lehigh county and Waullenpaupack creek, which bounds it also on the S., and W. by Canaan and Salem t-ships. The Lackawaxen creek passes through it from W. to E. and the Milford and Owego turnpike road, crosses it diag- onally to the N. W. Surface, hilly ; soil, loam and gravel, well timbered. Pop. in 1830, 404 ; taxables in 1828, 76. It contains between 50 and 60 dwellings, 2 or 3 stores, 1 tavern, 1 grist mill, 8 saw mills, 18 looms, 4 schools.
Palmyra, post-town, Londonderry t-ship, Lebanon county, on the turn- pike road from Lebanon to Harrisburg, about 10 miles from the former, and 14 from the latter, near the line divi- ding Lebanon fron Dauphin county, 124 miles from W. C. contains 25 dwellings, 3 stores and 3 taverns.
Panther creek, Rush t-ship, Schuyl- kill county, rises in a valley between Manch Chunk and Nesquihoning mts., and flows westerly to the Little Schuyl- kill river.
Panther creek, Manheim town-ship, Schuylkill county, a small tributary of the West branch of the Schuylkill riv- er, into which it flows, about 6 miles W. of Orwigsburg.
Paoli, tavern and post-office, on the Philadelphia and Lancaster turnpike road. 16 miles from the former, 133
creek || N. E. from W. C. and 177 S. E. from Harrisburg, in Tredypin t-ship, Ches- ter county. This tavern bears the representation of the Corsican general and patriot, Paoli, whose name on ac- count of its vicinity to this place, has been given to the battle field on which Gen. Wayne, with 1500 men, was de- feated, on the night of the 20th Sept. by a very superior British force, under the command of Maj. Gen. Grey. It is said that the assailants were directed to give no quarter, and it is unquestion- able that many of the Americans were massacred with ruthless barbarity, after resistance on their part had ceased, and that the cry for quarter was unheeded. The loss of the Amer- icans was 150 men. Upon this field, 2 miles S. W. from the Paoli tavern, in Willistown t-ship, the members of the Chester and Delaware co. battal- ions of volunteers, some years since, erected a neat marble monument, in memory of the brave men who, on this occasion, fell in defence of their coun- try, and these grateful soldiers have since purchased the tract of land on which the monument is built, and have appropriated it for a parade ground, forever to be used by all such volun- teer corps as may think proper to as- semble thereon.
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